SUNDAY NEWS RELEASE
Poster S3036
Embargoed for 8 AM CT9 AM ET, Sunday, Nov. 13, 2016
Jennifer Smith
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY
423 774 0524;
Session Assignment
NR.APS.P53 - Methods and Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management(Presentation #: S3036 ; Speaking Time: 11/13/2016 2:00:00 PM - 11/13/2016 3:15:00 PM)
Abstract Title
TASR Genotype is Associated With Adherence to Dietary Sodium Recommendations in Adults With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Author BlockJennifer L. Smith, Steve Estus, Terry A. Lennie, Debra K. Moser, Misook L. Chung, Gia T. Mudd-Martin, Univ of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
Disclosure Block: J.L. Smith: None.S. Estus: None.T.A. Lennie: None.D.K. Moser: None.M.L. Chung: None.G.T. Mudd-Martin: None.
Abstract Content
Introduction:Genetic variants in taste perception have been identified that can influence dietary intake patterns associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. TAS2R38 gene variants influence bitter taste perception and may affect sweet, salty, and umami taste, but few studies have examined this in a sample with elevated CVD risk.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine associations of the TAS2R38 genotype with average daily sodium, sugar, saturated fat, and alcohol intake that contribute to CVD risk.
Methods: We genotyped DNA from participants in a CVD risk reduction intervention that had 2 or more CVD risk factors. Analyses were limited to those who self-identified as white (> 92% of participants) to control for population stratification. Those with 1 or 2 dominant G alleles of rs713598 in the TAS2R38 gene were compared to CC homozygotes. Dietary intake was assessed using the Viocare Food Frequency Questionnaire and adherence or non-adherence to Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommended intake for sodium (≤ 2.3 g), sugar (< than 10% of total calories [Kcal]), saturated fats (< than 10% of total Kcal), and alcohol (1 drink for women, 2 for men). Logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate associations of genotype and adherence to dietary recommendations, controlling for factors that affect taste and intake (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medications).
Results: Of the 407 participants (mean age 51.4±13.3 years; 73.2% female), the majority were overweight or obese (mean BMI 32.9 kg/m2 ± 8.04) and non-smokers (87.5%); 33.4% were taking ACEi and 19% ARB. Compared to CC homozygotes, participants with GG or GC genotype had 1.9 times greater odds of daily sodium consumption >2.3 g (95% CI 1.1-3.5, p=.02). There were no significant differences in adherence to daily sugar, saturated fats, or alcohol recommendations.
Conclusions:Participants with enhanced bitter taste perception genotype (GC and GG alleles) were significantly more likely than CC homozygotes to have daily sodium intake higher than recommended. Research is needed to better understand genetic influences on sodium consumption and implications for CVD prevention.