Name ______

Elements and Their Symbols

Write the symbols for the following elements.

1. Oxygen ______11. Magnesium ______

2. Hydrogen ______12. Manganese ______

3. Chlorine ______13. Neon ______

4. Sodium ______14. Bromine ______

5. Fluorine ______15. Phosphorus ______

6. Carbon ______16. Silver ______

7. Helium ______17. Lead ______

8. Nitrogen ______18. Iron ______

9. Copper ______19. Calcium ______

10. Sulfur ______20. Potassium ______

Write the name of the element that corresponds to each of the following symbols.

21. Cu ______31. Ca ______

22. K ______32. Ag ______

23. C ______33. P ______

24. Au ______34. O ______

25. Zn ______35. I ______

26. Pb ______36. Sn ______

27. Fe ______37. H ______

28. Na ______38. F ______

29. S ______39. Ni ______

30. Al ______40. Hg ______

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Matter

Mixtures are the physical combination of two or more substances. If a mixture is consistent throughout, or it contains only one phase, the mixture is said to be Homogenous. Another name for a homogenous mixture is a solution. If a mixture is not consistent throughout, or it contains more than one phase, the mixture is said to be Heterogeneous.

Remember that mixtures can be separated by physical means.

Classify the following substances and mixtures as either homogeneous or heterogeneous. Place a check in the correct column.

Homogeneous Heterogeneous

1. Flat Soda Pop
2. Cherry Vanilla Ice Cream
3. Italian Salad Dressing
4. Sugar
5. Soil
6. Aluminum Foil
7. Black Coffee
8. Stirred Sugar Water
9. City Air
10. Paint (stirred)
11. Rubbing Alcohol
12. Iron
13. Beach Sand
14. Purified Air
15. Spaghetti Sauce

Physical vs. Chemical Properties

A physical property is observed with the senses and can be determined without destroying the object. For example, color, shape, mass, length, and odor are all examples of physical properties.

A chemical property indicates how a substance reacts with something else. The original substance is fundamentally changed in observing a chemical property. For example, the ability of iron to rust in a chemical property. The iron has reacted with oxygen, and the original metal is changed. It now exists as iron oxide, a different substance.

Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical by putting a check in the appropriate column.

Physical properties are further classified as extensive or intensive. An extensive physical property depends on the amount of matter present. For example, the weight of a substance is an extensive physical property. An intensive physical property is not dependent on the amount of matter present. For example, the boiling point of a substance is an intensive physical property.

If it is physical use an “E” for extensive and an “I” for intensive.

Physical Chemical

Property Property

1. blue color
2. density
3. flammability
4. solubility
5. reacts with acid to form H2
6. supports combustion
7. sour taste
8. melting point
9. reacts with water to form a gas
10. reacts with a base to form water
11. hardness
12. boiling point
13. can neutralize a base
14. luster
15. odor

Physical vs. Chemical Changes

In a physical change, the original substance still exists, it has only changed in form. In a chemical change, a new substance is produced. Energy changes always accompany chemical changes.

Classify the following as being a physical or chemical change.

______1.  Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water.

______2.  Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce a salt, water, and heat.

______3.  A pellet of sodium is sliced in two.

______4.  Water is heated and changed to steam.

______5.  Potassium chlorate decomposes to potassium chloride and oxygen gas.

______6.  Iron rusts.

______7.  When placed in H2O, a sodium pellet catches on fire as hydrogen gas is liberated and sodium hydroxide forms.

______8.  A cup of water evaporating.

______9.  Ice melting.

______10.  Milk sours.

______11.  Sugar dissolves in water.

______12.  Wood rotting

______13.  Pancakes cooking on a griddle

______14.  Grass growing in a lawn

______15.  A tire is inflated with air.

______16.  Food is digested in the stomach.

______17.  Water is absorbed by a paper towel.

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Matter WKST