Transformation and Sustainability

SHEFFIELD LOCAL PLAN (FORMERLY SHEFFIELD DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK)

CITY POLICIES AND SITES

SUSTAINABILITY APPRAISAL REPORT

Appendix 6

Baseline Data

Development Services

Sheffield City Council

Howden House

1 Union Street

SHEFFIELD

S1 2SHFebruary 2013

APPENDIX 6 – TABLE OF BASELINE DATA

Sustainability Aims /

Indicators

/ Quantified Data for Sheffield (if available) / Comparators and Targets / Trends shown. Data problems or constraints / Relevance to the SLP / Likely effect of a ‘do nothing’ scenario
1. A strong economy with good job opportunities available to the whole community / Long term claimants of jobseekers allowance (over 12 months)[i] / Aug 04 = 1625
Aug 03 = 1955
Aug 02 = 2230
Aug 01 = 3015 / Positive – downwards trend. However, it could mask trends such as short term patterns of working and job instability / Reinforce policies which promote growth and provision of stable employment opportunities
Distance travelled to work (based on workplace population)[ii] / Work at home = 9.85%
<2km = 15.8%
2-5km = 26.1%
5-10km = 26.7%
10-20km = 14.3% 20+km= 7.15% / England and Wales
Home = 13% <2km = 20%
2-5km = 20% 5-10km = 18%
10-20km =15%
20+km = 12% / Positive. More people work close to home in Sheffield, minimising the need for travel. / Highlights the importance of providing job opportunities in locations that are accessible to people by public transport, and providing employment opportunities near to significant housing areas
78.45% work within 10km of home / 71% work within 10 km of home
Mode of travel to work[iii] / Tram & light rail 3%
Train 0.7%, bus 18%, private vehicle 60%, bicycle 2%, foot 10% / England and Wales – tram & light rail 3%, train 4%, bus 7%, private vehicle 63%, bicycle 3%, foot 10% / Broadly similar to the UK, although as this relates to people living in Sheffield it ignores the fact that many people from elsewhere travel to work in Sheffield on the train. Positive, in that more people use the bus in Sheffield, and slightly less use private vehicles. / A strong economy will be helped by making more efficient use of, and improving the viability of existing public transport services, and making sure that job opportunities are provided in accessible locations.
Number of VAT registered businesses in Sheffield / 2003 = 11,270
2002 = 11,205
2001 = 11,280
2000 = 11,190 / Steady growth / The key issues for the SLP will be supporting business growth and development. This will need initiatives to attract inward investment, support for business development and provision of quality sites and infrastructure for business
Number of employment land sites over 1 ha in Sheffield (2003)[iv] / 72 sites – total of 366.6 ha
New Business Start-ups asking for advice from Sheffield First / April 02 – Mar 03 = 319
Total floor space / land area developed for industrial and / or commercial use (Use classes B1, B2 and B8)[v] / 1.45 million square metres / 10% of records show no floor space so the accuracy of this data is uncertain
Percentage of land on allocated Industry and Business Sites taken up[vi] / 37% of allocated land has been developed, but not all for industry and business uses. 23% has been developed for industry and business uses
Change in office rents in the city centre[vii] / Office Rent per square foot in ‘Zone A’
Nov 2003 = £14
Nov 2004 = £18 / UK Average
Sep 04 = £21.4 / Positive trend – rents increasing in line with national rates, suggests greater demand
2. Education and training opportunities which build the skills and capacity of the population / Adult Learners in Sheffield 2003/4[viii] / Further Education = 22,845
Work Based Learning = 728
Adult and Community Learning = 5,389 / Low levels of work based learning, however this excludes those on national contracts, or one-off Objective 1 funded activity / Meeting the needs for well-designed and appropriately located education and training facilities, which help to provide a diverse range of learning opportunities. This will contribute to economic success.
Contributions to education from new housing developments[ix] / 2 cases where S.106 money was sought for education as part of housing development permissions / Small amount of cases to assess the effectiveness of this approach to education provision through the planning system. / Implications for Section 106 agreements relating to large housing developments by meeting the needs for well-designed and appropriately located education and training facilities, which help to provide a diverse range of learning opportunities.
3. Decent housing available to everyone (including vulnerable people and disadvantaged groups) / Annual housing completions[x] / 02/03 = 2136
01/02 = 1674
00/01 = 1185
99/00 = 945
98/99 = 807 / Regional target 770 new homes per annum in Sheffield. Draft Regional Spatial Strategy (Jan 06) proposes gross requirement of 1425 per annum / Positive – exceeding target annually / Whilst meeting the general housing target is important, the SLP will also have to work to support successful housing markets where new housing development is integrated with existing communities. New housing will also have to meet local needs in terms of affordability, location, size and type.
Annual housing completions by tenure[xi] / 02/03 private = 1820 / social = 316
01/02 private = 1535 / social = 139
00/01 private = 1129 / social = 55 / The percentage of housing development in the social housing sector has risen from 5% in 2000/01 to 15% in 2002/03 / Proportion of social to private housing is improving, but still social sector housing is lagging behind / The SLP will need to play a major role in assisting with the provision of sufficient new homes to meet local needs for affordable (and other) housing.
Number of affordable dwellings completed per year[xii] / 1998/99 = 46
1999/00 = 186
2000/01 = 55
2001/02 = 139
2002/03 = 316
2003/04 = 110 / There has been a slight increase in the number of affordable houses provided, but there is still a shortfall of affordable housing in the city – 413 units per year needed according to the 2004 Housing Needs Survey.
Average SAP rating (energy efficiency) of Local Authority housing[xiii] / 2002/3 = 62
2003/4 = 64 / Improving
Data only available for a small section of housing / Improving the energy efficiency and insulation in housing to reduce fuel poverty will be an issue which may be tackled in the SLP.
Housing Affordability. Average House Price as Multiple of Average Earnings[xiv] / 2001 = 3.8
2002 = 4.2
2003 = 5.4 / Negative trend – housing increasingly unaffordable / Massive implication for the development of affordable housing.
Amount of vacant and low demand houses at 1/4/04[xv] / Vacant = 6,669
Low demand = 23,494 / Decent housing plays an important part in the regeneration of communities, by providing suitable housing for more people. Part of the SLPs role will be in supporting successful housing markets, particularly through improving the environment in housing areas, as well as the quality of the housing stock.
Improve poor housing stock / Total unfit dwellings[xvi] / 24,858 / 11% of total housing stock is classed as unfit
unfit private sector dwellings made fit or demolished through local authority action[xvii] / 2002/2 = 4.07% 2003/4 = 3.55%
Percentage of Local Authority homes not meeting decent homes standard [xviii] / 2002/03 = 72% 2003/4 = 83% / Negative trend – should be reversed through HMR and other regeneration actions
4. Conditions and services which engender good health / Personal opinion of health in Sheffield[xix] / Good = 65%
fairly good = 23%
not good = 12% / EnglandWales average ‘not good’ = 9% / Below average compared to UK / The SLP will be able to play a role in improving good health in Sheffield. The key issues are increasing the availability of and improving access to health facilities, as well as to other facilities (cultural, leisure and recreational) which contribute to well being.
There will also be an opportunity to improve health by influencing the location and design of other developments, for example to reduce pollution.
Health of the city- basket of indicators[xx] / Cancer mortality in under 75 year olds / Average = 139.8 per 100,000 population / Best = 56.0
Worst = 327.8 / Massive disparities in health, and premature mortality between different areas of the city – direct link to economic deprivation
Circulatory Disease mortality in under 75 year olds / Average = 124.3 per 100,000 population / Best = 40.98
Worst = 274.52
All causes - mortality in under 75 year olds / Average = 378.8 per 100,000 population / Best = 171.3
Worst = 886.5
Overall Life expectancy / Average = 78 years / Best = 87.04
Worst = 69
Development that enhances peoples health / Percentage of Local Authority homes not meeting decent homes standard [xxi] / 2002/03 = 72% 2003/4 = 83% / Temporarily downward trend but likely to rise again through HMR work
Unfit private sector dwellings made fit or demolished through local authority action[xxii] / 2002/2 = 4.07% 2003/4 = 3.55% / 2002/3 was estimated, 03/04 actual rather than increase.
New floor space approved for health, community and education uses (Use Class D1)[xxiii] / 379,881 square metres developed between April 1998 and March 2004 / 24% of applications monitored which included an element of D1 development had no recorded floor space so this should be used as a rough indicator only
Environmental measures that help to improve health / Level of light Pollution[xxiv] / 0% of sky is dark, 35% is bright
46% is bright/ saturated
19% is saturated / General increase since 1993.
Light pollution statistics for whole South Yorkshire not just Sheffield
Percentage of Sheffield households which experience some problems with noise nuisance[xxv] / 19% / High level
Improved access to culture, leisure and recreation facilities that engender good health / Sports facilities usage (total visits)[xxvi] / 2002/3 = 2,753,225
2003/4 = 2,705,576 / Downward trend
Number of swims per 1000 population[xxvii] / 2002/3 = 5365.82
2003/4 = 5281.83 / Downward trend
% of footpaths and rights of way easy to use by the public[xxviii] / 2002/3 = 76.49%
2003/4 = 78.24% / Positive - increase
5. Safety and security for people and property / Incidence of crime[xxix] (rates per 1000 population) / Violence against the person / 5.8/1000 Sheffield / 11.4/1000 EnglandWales / Reasonable in comparison to the rest of England and Wales. Violence against the person as an indicator of personal safety is good. / The SLP will be able to contribute to safer communities by guiding development which minimises the risk and perception of crime for users of the development. Providing public spaces that are inviting to use, well overlooked and well maintained.
Robbery / 1.8/1000 Sheffield / 1.8/1000 E & W
Burglary / 11.9/1000 Sheffield / 7.6/1000 E & W
Fear of crime[xxx]
Proportion of residents feeling safe in their neighbourhood after dark. / Disparity across the city from 67.3% of residents feeling safe or very safe in some areas, to 55.9% feeling unsafe or not venturing out after dark in other areas.
Street light outages (per set of street lights per kilometre of road[xxxi] / 4.67 outages / This city wide figure disguises considerable differences between neighbourhoods with some being as low as 0 and others as high as 21, which will have an impact on safety and security in those areas.
6. Good culture, leisure and recreation (CLR) activities available to all / Increase use of culture, leisure and recreation facilities / visits to libraries per 1000 population[xxxii] / 2002/3 = 4363.46
2003/4 = 5103.54 / Increase – positive trend, apart from usage of sports facilities / Highlights the importance of increasing the provision of cultural, leisure and recreation activities and venues. In particular the SLP will need to ensure the provision of adequate amounts of well-maintained recreational space close to where people live.
visits to museums per 1000 population[xxxiii] / 2002/3 = 1162
2003/4 = 1350
Sports facilities usage[xxxiv] / 2002/3 = 2,753,225
2003/4 = 2,705,576
% Households within 400m of a Public Green Space[xxxv] / 44.5% / The city wide figure hides neighbourhood disparities. The figure is significantly lower in some neighbourhoods and higher in others.
Floor space developed for major new leisure development (D2 schemes of 1000 sq metres or more)[xxxvi] / 2.33 million square metres completed in the period Apr 98 to Mar 04
Net gain / loss in open space per year[xxxvii] / Net gain of 19.63 hectares during the monitoring period / Not all open space changes are recorded or monitored, therefore this data should be treated with caution. Open space survey being conducted at present.
7. Land use patterns that minimise the need to travel or which promote the use of sustainable forms of transport / Percentage of new residential development within 30 minutes public transport time of a GP, hospital, primary and secondary school[xxxviii] / 2004/05
GP = 99.10%
Hospital = 74.66%
Primary School = 99.10%
Secondary School = 99.03% / Key sustainability issues for the SLP will be making essential services and job opportunities easily accessible to people’s homes – either by foot or public transport. Providing opportunities to make linked trips and providing high trip generating uses in areas where there is a choice of transport modes will also be important.
Percentage of land identified for housing located within the main urban area[xxxix] / 76% / Positive. Residential development which is close to the urban area reduces the need to travel and enables needs to be more easily met locally.
8. An efficient transport network which maximises access and minimises detrimental impacts / Length and use of cycleway and routes / INFORMATION NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE / The main issue for the SLP will be supporting and promoting sustainable transport – for example improving viability of existing public transport routes, minimising congestion and reducing the negative impacts of road traffic on safety and residential areas. Making more efficient use of the car will also be a key issue.
Percentage of new residential development within 30 minutes public transport time of a GP, hospital, primary and secondary school[xl] / 2004/05
GP = 99.10%
Hospital = 74.66%
Primary School = 99.10%
Secondary School = 99.03%
% Households within 400m of an ‘Overground’ or Supertram Stop[xli] / 58.1% / Variation between neighbourhoods, with one neighbourhood having 0% of households with access, and others having 99% of households with access.
Attractive transport environment for non car users – bus patronage[xlii] / passenger journeys
1998/9 = 135 m
2002/3 = 125m / BVPI 102 target = 146 m by 2005/6 / Negative trend – does not seem to be getting more attractive
Percentage of freight moved by different transport modes[xliii] / Road / Rail / Water / Although the total billion tonnes of freight kilometres is increasing, the proportion of this moved by road freight across the country is decreasing – positive.
Data covers the whole of the UK, not just Sheffield
Freight moved by water includes coastal and ‘one port’ freight movements by sea as well as inland waterways
1996 / 65.3 / 6.4 / 23.3
1998 / 65.0 / 6.9 / 23.2
2000 / 62.2 / 7.1 / 26.4
2002 / 61.8 / 7.5 / 26.4
Number and percentage of major new developments which comply with Regional Transport Strategy Parking Standards / 2004/05 - ALL / Data only available for non-residential schemes with floorspace of over 1000 sq metres

Change in car traffic levels[xliv]

/ 1999 – 237576
2001 – 242541
2003 – 244302
(journeys across the urban centre cordon on a single day annually) / LTP target to stabilise car traffic levels. / Negative trend – car usage is increasing in the central area
Road safety improved[xlv] / pedestrians seriously injured/killed per 100,000 population / 2002/3 = 22.22
2003/4 = 21.86 / Positive – downward trend
Pedestrians slightly injured per 100,000 population / 2002/3 = 60.42
2003/4 = 56.61
Changes in the number of accidents at Local Safety Schemes[xlvi] / 46 new schemes implemented during the monitoring period. Estimated 15% stepped reduction in accidents, with 66% reduction in child fatal and seriously injured casualties
9. Efficient use of land which makes good use of previously developed sites and buildings / Percentage of development taking place on previously developed land[xlvii] / 2004/05 = 87%
2003/04 = 96%
2002/03 = 97%
2001/02 = 88%
2000/01 = 83% / Positive trend - data only available for residential development. / Reusing previously developed land and vacant buildings, whilst minimising new development on Greenfield sites will be an important sustainability issue to be covered by the SLP. Particularly important will be ensuring that new housing developments make efficient use of land, for example by encouraging development at higher densities in sustainable locations.
Number of housing commitments (with planning permission) which are on previously developed land[xlviii] / 6610 – 95.16%
Number of dwellings that could be provided through development plan housing allocations on previously developed land (including conversions and change of use)[xlix] / At 31/03/04 499 dwellings could be provided on brownfield allocated housing sites
Area of greenfield land taken for development (including loss of Green Belt) / INDICATOR NOT CURRENTLY MONITORED, AWAITING NEW MONITORING SYSTEM
10. A quality built environment / New buildings, roads and infrastructure that is well designed and appropriate / Hard to be substantive – good design is subjective, and therefore there are few details available of the extent to which ‘good design’ is achieved. Data is unavailable / There will be two main issues for the SLP. Firstly development will need to be sustainable in terms of its accessibility to people with mobility difficulties. Secondly the SLP will need to promote development which protects local distinctiveness and character, is well designed and appropriate to the setting and which includes sustainable design and materials where possible.
Enhancements to townscape character
Appropriate and sympathetic landscaping around new development
Local distinctiveness and character protected
Use of sustainable design and building materials in construction / DATA CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE
Access to built environment for people with disabilities / DATA CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE
11. Historic environment protected and enhanced / Number of archaeological sites[l] / At 31/04/04 there were 1637 records of archaeological sites and finds on the Sites and Monuments records / Listed Buildings at risk have fallen by 38%.
Many archaeological sites are not yet recorded as there is a backlog of survey information. / The SLP will have an important role to play in conserving archaeological sites, historic buildings sites and areas, and Sheffield’s industrial heritage.
Number of historic buildings, sites and areas[li] / 35 conservation areas
1128 listed buildings
Number of Listed Buildings identified as being at risk[lii] / 2000 = 97
2004 = 60
Number of industrial heritage conservation designations[liii] / 3 Industrial conservation areas + 3 more awaiting designation in late 2004
Number of Registered Parks and Gardens and Scheduled Monuments[liv] / 11 Registered Historic Parks and Gardens
46 Scheduled Monuments
12. Quality of natural landscapes maintained and enhanced / Light Pollution - percentage of sky considered dark[lv] / 0% of sky is dark, 35% is bright
46% is bright/ saturated
19% is saturated / Low levels of darkness – data covers all of South Yorkshire, not just Sheffield / Protecting and safeguarding the landscape and character of rural areas as well as individual landscape features will be an issue for the SLP. This will include improving woodland cover, minimising light pollution and restoring and appropriately reusing mineral and landfill sites.
Woodland cover in Sheffield[lvi] / 10.4% of the district is woodland – 4000 ha / Average cover in England is 8.4% / Very positive – most wooded city in Britain (however, data covers entire city, including part of the national park)
Up-to-date countryside character assessment carried out / NO / No assessment has been carried out
13. Wildlife and important geological sites conserved and enhanced / Quantity and quality of protected wildlife habitat areas[lvii] / 7 X SSSI’s within Sheffield (excluding areas inside the Peak District) covering 39.64ha