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Third Nine-Weeks Test Review

Directions: Use your notes and your textbooks, and answer the following questions to help you prepare for the third nine-weeks exam

Paleolithic/Neolithic Era

  1. Where were the first “human” species found? (Locate it on a map)
  2. Which species of hominid first migrated out of Africa?
  3. Why did the first humans migrate out of Africa?
  4. What were characteristics of the Paleolithic Era?
  5. Describe hunter/gatherers, why did Paleolithic man live like this?
  6. What types of tools were used by the Paleolithic man?
  7. What early hominid species had evidence of a religion?
  8. Define the Neolithic Revolution
  9. Explain how the Neolithic Revolution lead to civilizations
  10. What types of tools were invented/used during the Neolithic Revolution?
  11. What enabled the Neolithic man to invent these tools?
  12. How do historians study pre-history… before written language?
  13. What types of goods did Neolithic man create?

River Valley/ Early Civilizations

  1. Why did the “cradles of civilization” develop along rivers?
  2. What are the four main River Valley Civilizations? – locate them on a map
  3. Which rivers are associated with each of the River Valley Civilizations? – locate them on a map
  4. What was the Egyptian writing system called?
  5. How did Egyptians view the Pharaoh?
  6. Why did the Egyptians build the pyramids?
  7. Why did the Egyptians rely on the yearly flooding of the Nile?
  8. Were the Egyptians Polytheistic or Monotheistic, what does this mean?
  9. What was the writing system of Mesopotamia called?
  10. How did the citizens of Mesopotamia view their king? (Where did he get his power?)
  11. What religious temples did the Mesopotamians build?
  12. The Mesopotamians built their civilization on the fertile ______.
  13. One invention of the Mesopotamians was the______
  14. Describe the use of oracle bones in the Shang Dynasty
  15. Describe the dynastic cycle
  16. What was the Mandate of Heaven?
  17. Which river valley civilization believed in ancestor worship?
  18. Why do we know so little about the Indus River Valley?
  19. What are two of the most highly excavated cities in the Indus River Valley?
  20. What are monsoons?
  21. What religion was practiced in the Indus River Valley?
  22. Which early civilization developed the alphabet that we use in the United States today?
  23. What religion did the Hebrews Practice?
  24. What was the most important city to the Hebrews?
  25. Who founded Judaism?
  26. What are the laws of Judaism called?
  27. Who was Hammurabi and what did he write?
  28. How do archeologists date artifacts they find?

Persia

  1. Which emperor of Persia showed religious toleration, and first expanded the Empire?
  2. Which emperor built the Royal Road, and what was the impact of the Royal Road?
  3. Which emperor conquered Egypt?
  4. What was the religion of the Persian Empire?
  5. Describe imperial bureaucracy and explain how Persian emperors ruled this way.

Greece

  1. Locate Greece on a map
  2. Explain the religion of Ancient Greece
  3. Which bodies of water surround Greece?
  4. What was the Dorian period of Ancient Greece?
  5. Why was Greece divided into separate polis?
  6. Name 2 famous poli of Greece
  7. What was the Acropolis, which poli is it associated with, who built it, who commissioned it, which Goddess is depicted here?
  8. What type of government did Sparta have? Explain the culture of Sparta as compared to Athens
  9. What type of government did Athens have?
  10. Name 2 philosophers of Athens
  11. Why was education so important in Athens?
  12. Describe “Idealist” art
  13. Who were the Greeks fighting during the Persian Wars?
  14. What was an effect of the Persian Wars?
  15. What was the Delian League? Which Emperor of Athens was leader of the Delian League?
  16. Who was fighting during the Peloponnesian Wars?
  17. What was the Peloponnesian League? Why was it formed?
  18. What was an outcome of the Peloponnesian War? What were its effects on Athens?
  19. Who was Homer and what works is he famous for writing?
  20. Who was Alexander the Great, where was he from?
  21. Why was Alexander able to conquer the Greeks?
  22. Who was Philip of Macedonia and what did he do?
  23. Who tutored Alexander the Great?
  24. Where was the eastern border to Alexander’s Empire? Locate it on a map
  25. Recognize the different Greek columns (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian)

Rome

  1. Explain the creation myth of ancient Rome
  2. Locate Rome on a map at its height
  3. At its height which 3 continents did Rome occupy?
  4. Explain the religion of Rome
  5. What civilization did Rome adopt their religion and much of their culture from?
  6. What hill did Rome begin on?
  7. What type of government did Rome have? Explain this type of government
  8. What was the law code of the Roman Republic and where was it hung for all to see?
  9. Explain the three Punic wars. Who were they fought against and why?
  10. Who won the Punic Wars?
  11. What mountain chain did Hannibal cross during the Punic Wars and why?
  12. Who was a part of the first triumvirate – why was it formed?
  13. How did Caesar die? Who killed him and why?
  14. Who was a part of the second triumvirate, what happened to it?
  15. What did Octavius do for Rome?
  16. Who was Cleopatra?
  17. What is Pax Romana? Which emperor was in power at the beginning of Pax Romana?
  18. Explain the core beliefs of Christianity
  19. Who is the founder ofChristianity?
  20. Why were early Christianspersecuted?
  21. Who were the men who spread the religion of Christianity?
  22. What is the Christian holy book?
  23. Is Christianity monotheistic or Polytheistic?
  24. Which emperor made Christianity legal by signing the Edict of Milan?
  25. Which emperor made Christianity the official religion of the Empire?
  26. Which emperor created the Roman tetrarch, why?
  27. What were the precipitating causes of the fall of Rome, what was the official reason for the fall of Rome?
  28. Describe Frescoes and Mosaics
  29. How did the geography of Rome facilitate their rise to greatness?

Byzantine

  1. Who moved the capital of Rome to Byzantium, and why? What was the city re-named?
  2. What Empire did the eastern half of the Roman Empire become?
  3. What religion is adopted by the Byzantine Empire, who is the head of the church and state?
  4. Which emperor commissioned (paid for the building) of the Hagia Sophia, and what is it?
  5. Why did the Byzantine Empire utilize mosaics?
  6. What was Justinian’s code
  7. Name two famous missionaries who spread Christianity outside of the Byzantine Empire

Muslim Caliphates

  1. The Muslim Caliphates began in the region of the ______Arabia.
  2. Who was the founder of Islam? What is the Islamic Holy Book? How does Islam differ from Christianity and Judaism?
  3. What types of governments did the early people of Saudi Arabia have, why?
  4. Explain the differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims.
  5. Who was Ali, and why is he important to Islam?
  6. Who were the Umayyad Caliphates
  7. Who were the Abbasid Caliphates
  8. Which caliphate expanded the Muslim empire to its height?
  9. What are the innovations of the Muslim Empire?
  10. What language was the official language of Islam?
  11. What is the most holy city in Islam? (This is where the Kabba is located)
  12. Where is the Dome of the Rock located?
  13. List and explain the five pillars of Islam
  14. The capital of the Muslim was Damascus, it was then moved to Baghdad by the ______caliphate
  15. The ______caused the downfall of the Muslim Empire, by conquering Baghdad

Africa

  1. Name the major African kingdoms and locate them on a map
  2. Why were many of the northern African civilizations Muslim?
  3. What products were heavily traded in Africa?
  4. Who was Mansa Musa, and why was he important
  5. A major city of trade and learning in Western Africa was ______?
  6. Who was Ibn Battuta and why is he important?
  7. Which African Kingdom adopted Christianity and where is it located?

India

  1. What Indian Empire is associated with the Golden age of India
  2. Which Indian Empire introduced free veterinary medicine and had advanced knowledge of human medicine?
  3. Explain the importance of the Indian Arabic number system
  4. Who was Ashoka and why is he important?
  5. Describethe four noble truths, eight fold path, nirvana, and founder of Buddhism
  6. Describe Hinduism ,the caste system, Moksha, reincarnation
  7. Why did Buddhists reject the caste system?
  8. Who (which group of people) migrated through the Hindu-Kush mountains to populate India?
  9. Define Karma, and how is it important to reincarnation?

China

  1. What is the Silk rRoad and why is it important?
  2. Who was Shi Huangdi and what dynasty is he associated with?
  3. Recognize paper, porcelain ,gunpowder, moveable type, and the compass as innovations of China.
  4. What is Legalism?
  5. What is Confucianism, and what are the five relationships associated with it?
  6. Which dynasty began work on the Great Wall?
  7. Give an example of cultural diffusion in Japan
  8. What is Daoism?
  9. What symbol is associated with Daoism and what does it represent?
  10. Which two religions were prevalent in Japan?
  11. What is the warrior class of Japan called?
  12. Explain the geography of Japan and how it affected the culture in Japan. What is an Archipelago?
  13. What Mountains isolate China from Europe?

Americas

  1. How did humans get to the Americas?
  2. Locate the Maya, Inca, Aztec, and Olmec on a map
  3. What characteristic did the Inca, Persians, and Romans share that united the empires? (Hint, it was the greatest public works project of the Inca)
  4. What led the Mesoamericans to develop a calendar?
  5. Which Mesoamerican civilization developed a written language?
  6. Who was the Aztec king who lost the empire to the Spanish?
  7. Name the major cities associated with the Aztec, Inca, and Maya
  8. Why did the Mesoamericans utilize terrace farming?

Middle Ages

  1. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages?
  2. Describe the feudal system
  3. Describe a manor
  4. Why did the feudal system work?
  5. Describe the power of the Catholic church during the medieval ages
  6. Who defeated the Muslim invaders at the Battle Tours?
  7. Which Frankish king was named emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Leo III?
  8. Explain the mutual obligations of feudalism