Appendix F
TABLE 1: POTENTIAL OUTCOMES OF HOME VISITING[1]For children:
- Participation in home visits, which may be enjoyable, interesting, and stimulating
- Better relationships and interactions with parents
- Improved health as a result of better care, reduced abuse and neglect, fewer accidents. This can include:
- Reduced neonatal mortality and infant mortality
- Improved birth weight and gestation
- Fewer birth complications
- Improved nutritional status
- Improved health status
- Fewer injuries
- Less disability and developmental delay
- Fewer repeat hospitalizations and acute care visits
- More regular access to preventive health care, including well-checks and immunizations
- Improved development (primarily cognitive, but also social and emotional) as a result of home visit activities and/or better parent-child interaction which, over time, results in increased educational success and greater social adjustment. This can include:
- Less disability and developmental delay
- Better school attendance
- Greater academic ability and achievement
- Less grade retention and special education placement
- Less crime and delinquency
- Increased educational attainment
- Increased employment and earnings
- Increased occupational and social status
- Improved household management
- Higher quality community participation and leisure
- Better family relationships
- Greater control over timing and number of children
For parents:
- Home visits and related social activities
- Better relationships with and support from other family members, greater confidence in and satisfaction with parenting
- Improved health as a result of better care. This can include
- Fewer birth complications
- Improved nutritional status
- lmproved health status, less illness
- Increased education and training
- Increased employment and earnings (directly or indirectly, as a result of increased education)
- lmproved socioeconomic status and self-sufficiency
- Improved timing and spacing of births, possibly with reductions in the number of children
For taxpayers:
- Reduced government expenditures (including administrative costs) for
- Health care
- Education
- Social services
- Welfare payments
- Criminal justice system
- Food stamps
- Foster care
- Increased tax revenues
- Payroll taxes, sales tax, other
- Decreased social problems
- Poverty and economic inequality
- Crime and delinquency
- Teenage pregnancy and unwanted children
- Child abuse and neglect
- More competent and fully participatory fellow citizens
[1] W. Steven Barnett, Economic Evaluation of Home Visiting Programs , The Future of Children, Home Visiting, Vol. 3 • No. 3 - Winter 1993