Organic Nomenclature
Student Reference Sheet
# of C / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15Prefix / meth / eth / prop / but / pent / hex / hept / oct / non / dec / undec / dodec / tridec / tetradec / pentadec
Priority List
Compoundor
Functional Group / Prefix / Suffix / IUPAC / Condensed / Structure
Carboxylic acid / -ic acid / propanoic acid / /
Ester / -oate / methyl methanoate / /
Amide / amide / butanamide / /
Aldehyde / -al / 2-methylpropanal / /
Ketone / -one / 3-pentanone /
Alcohol (-OH) / hydroxy- / -ol / 2-butanol /
Amine (R-NH2) / amino- / amine / 2-methyl-propanamine /
Ether (R-O-R) / alkoxy / ethoxyethane /
Aromatic / benzyl / benzene / 1,2-dimethylbenzene /
Alkene (has C=C) / -ene / 2-methylpropene /
Alkyne (has ) / -yne / 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentyne /
halides (-F, -Cl, -I, -Br)
Nitro (-NO2) / nitro-
Alkane / -ane / 2-methylpropane /
Functional Groups
1. Identify the functional groups in each of the following organic compounds.
Name / Structure / Functional GroupsList in order beginning with highest priority groups
hex-4-en-3-ol /
hexan-3-one /
nonanal /
5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-ol /
1-bromo-4-chlorobenzene /
(3-ethylhex-5-yn-2-yl)benzene /
5-chlorohept-2-yne /
5-ethyl-1-hydroxyoctan-2-one /
6-aminooctanoic acid /
nitrocyclooctane /
3-methyl-6-phenoxydecan-2-amine /
2. Identify all functional groups given the following names.
IUPAC Name / Functional Groups / # of Carbon atomsin
Root Chain
6-bromohept-2-ene
6-hydroxyoctanoic acid
4-chlorooct-1-en-6-yne
1-amino- cycloocta-2,6-diyne
3-aminocyclopentanone
4,7-diethylnonan-3-one
2-benzyl-4-methoxybutane
5-iodoheptanamide
Functional Groups
1. Identify the functional groups in each of the following organic compounds.
Structure / Functional GroupsList in order beginning with highest priority groups
2. Identify all functional groups given the following names.
IUPAC Name / Functional Groups / # of Carbon atomsin Root Chain
3-ethyl-4,4-dimethylpent-2-ene
4-ethynylheptan-3-one
buta-2,3-diol
4-ethylheptane
4-ethyl-1-hydroxybenzene