10th Grade World History 3
Name ______Block ______Date ______Seat No. ______
H W # 22 Division of Labor
Read pgs 548, 625, 626
1. Create one sentence of your own for each of the following terms that shows you understand their meaning
a. capitalismb. communism c. proletariat
2. Summarize each of the documents below.
3. Compare the ideas of Adam Smith to those of Karl Marx and FrederichEngles
4. Who ideas do you agree with most and why ?
5. What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of the economic systems based on each document ( a minimum of two examples for each ) ?
Primary Source Readings – Two views on the Division of Labor:
Adam Smith and Karl Marx
Document #1 – Adam Smith – The Division of Labor,
The Wealth of Nations, 1776
The greatest improvement in the productive powers of Labor, and the greatest skill, dexterity, and judgment with which it is anywhere directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labor . . .
To take an example, therefore, from a very trifling (worthless) manufacture; but one in which the division of labor has been very often taken notice of, the pin-maker; . . .
One man draws out the wire, another straightens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations. . . the importance of making this pin is divided into about eighteen distinct operations . . .
There are in a pound upwards of four thousand pins of middling size. Those ten persons (as part of the division of labor) therefore, could make among them upwards of forty eight thousand pins in a day.
Document #2 – Karl Marx and Frederich Engles –
The Communist Manifesto, 1848
Owing to the extensive use of machinery and to the division of labor, the work of the proletarians (workers) has lost all individual character and, consequently, all charm for the workman. He becomes an appendage of the machine, and it is only the most monotonous, most easily acquired knack, that is required of him.
. . . Masses of laborers, crowded into the factory, are organized like soldiers. Not only are they slaves of the bourgeois class, and of the bourgeois state; they are daily and hourly enslaved by the machine, by the overseer and, above all, by the individual bourgeois manufacturer himself.