November, 2009
KEAN UNIVERSITY
UNION, NEW JERSEY
COURSE TITLE
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE EAR AND SPEECH MECHANISM
Course Number CDD 2260
Semester Hours Three
Co requisite or Prerequisites CDD 2251
Limitation on Enrollment 25
Required course for majors in Speech and Hearing
Catalog Description
An introductory study of the basic structures and functions of the speech and auditory mechanisms.
N.B. In order to ensure full class participation, any student with a disabling condition requiring special accommodations (e.g., tape recorders, special adaptive equipment, special note-taking or test-taking procedures, or interpreters) will be strong encouraged to contact the professor at the beginning of the course. For the students’ convenience, both the professor’s office hours and telephone number will be listed on the syllabus.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear and Speech Mechanism
I. Course Objectives: Students will achieve growth toward being informed, dynamic professionals, as evidenced by demonstration of proficiencies in knowledge, comprehension, value development and skill application. Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:
A. describe the general organizational structure of the body to support
speech and hearing skills (knowledge).
B. identify the anatomical and physiological components involved in
respiration (knowledge).
C. list the structural components and functional processes that initiate,
maintain, support and alter phonation (knowledge).
D. name the bones and muscles of the head and face that facilitate the
processes of articulation and swallowing (knowledge).
E. identify the components of the outer, middle and inner ear that work
together to allow audition (knowledge).
F. name the parts of the central and peripheral nervous systems involved
in regulating speech, language and hearing (knowledge).
G. report those structures and functions that, when atypical, can disrupt the act of communication (knowledge, skill).
II. Course Content
A. General body organization
1. cells, tissues, organs, systems
2. spatial terminology, cross sections and planes
3. conceptual base for coordinated muscle movements
B. Respiration
1. anatomical structures
a. landmarks of the vocal tract
b. vertebral column
c. sternum
d. ribs
2. musculature
a. muscles of inhalation
b. muscles of exhalation
C. Phonation
1. structural components
a. trachea and pharynx
b. laryngeal cartilages
c. membranes of the larynx
2. functional components
a. extrinsic muscles of the larynx
b. intrinsic muscles of the larynx
3. phonatory characteristics
a. changes in volume
b. changes in pitch
c. changes with age
D. Articulation and swallowing
1. Anatomy
a. bones of the head
b. bones of the face
c. cavities and sinuses
2. Physiology
a. muscles of facial expression
b. muscles of mastication
c. muscles of the tongue
d. muscles of the palate
e. muscles of the pharynx
f. velopharyngeal closure and resonance
g. the stages of successful swallowing
E. Hearing
1. Landmarks and components of the outer, middle and inner ears
2. Muscles of the middle ear
3. Changes from mechanical to electrical energy
4. Theories of hearing
5. The auditory pathway
F. Nervous System
1. Central nervous system
a. landmarks of the cortical surface
b. characteristics of the hemispheres
c. ventricles and commissures
d. differential hemispheric functions
e. mapping of the brain
2. Peripheral nervous system
a. cranial nerves
b. spinal nerves
c. autonomic nervous system
G. Breakdowns in the system
1. Speech characteristics associated with respiratory problems
2. Speech characteristics associated with phonatory problems
3. Speech characteristics associated with articulatory problems
4. Disorders of swallowing associated with each stage
5. Speech and hearing problems caused by hearing loss
6. Neurologically-based speech, language and hearing problems
III. Methods of Instruction
A. Lectures
B. On-line video presentations
C. Slides and transparencies
D. CD-ROM programs
E. Cooperative project on impact of disorder
F. Reading assignments
IV. Methods of Evaluation
A. Periodic unit examinations (Knowledge)
B. Portfolio of diagrams (Knowledge, skills)
C. Written project on impact of disorder (knowledge, skills, values)
V. Required Text:
Seikel, A.J., & King, D.W. (2010). Anatomy & physiology for speech,
language, and hearing, Florence, KY: Cengage Learning.
VI. Bibliography
Current Works
Bhatnagar, S.C. (2008). Neuroscience for the study of communicative disorders.
Third Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.
Boone, D.,McFarlane, S.,Von Berg, S. Zraick, R. (2010). Voice and voice therapy. Eight Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Ferrand, C.T. (2007). Speech science: An integrated approach to theory and clinical practice. (with CD-ROM), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Allyn & Bacon.
Golper, L.A.C. (2010). Medical speech-language pathology: A desk reference.
Third Edition. Florence, KY: Cengage Learning.
Guy, L. (2009). Learning human anatomy. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Allyn & Bacon.
Musiek, F.E. & Baran, J.A. (2007). The auditory system: Anatomy, physiology and
clinical correlates. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Allyn & Bacon.
Sapienza, C. Casper, J. K. (2004). Vocal rehabilitation for medical speech-
language pathology. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, Inc.
Seminal Works
Atkinson, M. & McHanwell, S. (2002). Basic medical science for speech and
language therapy students. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Ferrand, C.T. Bloom, R.L. (1997). Introduction to organic and neurogenic
disorders of communication: Current scope of practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Allyn & Bacon.
Kahn, Alice (2000). Craniofacial anomalies: A beginner’s guide for speech-
language pathologists. Florence, KY: Cengage Learning.
Zemlin, W.R. (1997). Speech and Hearing Science: Anatomy and physiology.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Allyn & Bacon.
Non-Print
Blue Tree Publishing. CD-ROM programs. Edmonds, WA
Ear
Ear Disorders
Nose & Sinuses
Respiration
Speech Articulation
Swallowing
Swallowing Disorders
Vocal Health
Vocal Parts
Vocal Pathology I
Vocal Pathology II
Vocal Pathology III
Vocal Pathology IV
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