Chapter 9 Reading Summaries

Section 9.1

The body’s respiratory system takes in (1)____________ and releases (2)_____________ ____________. Inside the (3)____________, oxygen is used in (4)____________ ____________ that release energy. This process of using oxygen by the cells is called (5)____________ ____________. Besides oxygen, cellular respiration requires (6)____________ , or sugars, which are obtained from (7)____________ by the digestive system. Oxygen and sugars are (8)____________ to every cell in your body by the circulatory system. Besides oxygen, the air you (9)____________ contains a number of (10)____________. The respiratory system is composed of several different (11)____________. The (12)____________, (13)____________________, and (14)____________ are where air enters the body, is filtered and warmed and is directed to the (15)____________. The lungs are two organs where oxygen passes into (16)____________ and carbon dioxide is (17)____________. The (18)___________ and ribs relax and (19)___________ to force air into and out of the lungs. Besides exchanging oxygen with carbon dioxide, the (20)____________ ____________ is involved in other activities. For example, the respiratory system allows you to (21)____________, and helps your body remove excess water.

Section 9.2

Food is needed to provide (1)____________ to the body. (2)______________ are substances that enable the body to move, grow and maintain (3)____________. Nutrients include (4)____________, (5)____________,(6) ____________,(7) ____________, (8)____________, and water. Before food can be used by the body, it must be (9)____________ ___________. The (10) ____________ ____________ is responsible for breaking down food that has entered the body. Material is moved through the digestive system by a process called (11) ____________. The digestive system can break down food (12)____________ , as in chewing food, or it can break down (13)____________, as when saliva changes food chemically. The digestive system contains several organs including the mouth, (14)____________ ,(15)____________, (16)____________ ____________ , (17)____________ ____________ , liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 9 Reading Summaries

Section 9.3

During life processes, (1)____________ is produced. Several systems are responsible for (2)____________ waste from the body. The (3)____________ ____________ gets rid of liquid wastes from the blood. The respiratory system gets rid of (4) ____________ ____________and waste gases from the blood. The digestive system gets rid of (5)____________ waste from food. The (6)____________ releases waste through the sweat glands. The kidneys are the parts of the (7)____________ ____________ that filter waste from the blood. The waste then travels from the (8)____________ down to the (9)____________. From the bladder, the waste is released as (10)____________. The kidneys (11)____________ all the blood in the body many times each day. Inside each kidney are about one million looping tubes called (12)____________. The nephrons regulate the (13)____________ of blood. Besides removing waste, the kidneys regulate how much (14)____________ is in the body. It is important that the body not have (15)____________ ____________ or (16)____________ ____________ water in it. For example, if the body has too much water, parts of it will begin to swell.

Chapter 9 Reading Summaries and review

Which one does belong?

Circle the vocabulary word that matches each description. Use the bolded words in the sentence as clues.

1. This is the muscular action that moves food along your digestive system.

nutrients peristalsis digestion

2. Before your body can use nutrients, they must go through this process, which breaks them down into smaller more usable forms.

digestion urine nutrients

3. The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra are all parts of this system.

urinary system digestive system respiratory system

4. Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and water are as some of these that your body needs to grow and maintain homeostasis.

cellular respiration nutrients peristalsis

5. This works with the digestive and circulatory systems to make cellular respiration possible.

respiratory system urinary system mechanical digestion

6. The kidneys control the amount of water that leaves your body in this form.

urinary system urine nutrients

7. This performs the complex job of moving and breaking down food.

respiratory system urinary system digestive system

8. This requires glucose, which you get from food, in addition to oxygen, which you get from breathing.

digestion peristalsis cellular respiration