Critical Content/Concept Web

Unit Topic: Introduction to Warfare: Prehistory – Rome

Conceptual Lens: Conflict

Grade: 11th & 12th


Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Introduction to Warfare: Pre-history - Rome
Lens: Conflict

Enduring Understandings

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Guiding Questions

  1. Warfare evolves throughout history (1-15)
  1. The complexity of weapons change with the development of civilizations. (2,4,5,8,11,12,13,14)
  1. Basic logistics, strategies and tactics endure throughout the history of warfare. (1,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,14,15)
  1. Resources, ideology and power have been the main causes of war throughout history. (1,10,12,15)
/ 1a. What is warfare?
1b. How has it evolved throughout history?
2a. What is the offensive and defensive inventive cycle?
2b. How did weapons evolve and change from Pre-history to the end of the Roman Empire?
2c. What are some examples of short, intermediate and long range weapons?
3a. What are logistics?
3b. What is the difference between strategy and tactics?
4a. Why do we fight?
Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Introduction to Warfare: Pre-history - Rome
Lens: Conflict
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. Warfare is organized, purposeful group action directed against another group with the goal of achieving your objective.
  2. The offensive – defensive inventive cycle.
  3. Basic military formations
  4. The variety of weapons used within this time period:
a)Short range weapons: stick, rocks, club, mace, ax, knife/dagger, short sword, gladius
b)Intermediate range weapons: spear, pila/pilum
c)Long range weapons: atlatl, simple bow and arrow, catapult, ballista
  1. The tactics and weapons used for hunting evolved into tactics and weapons used in warfare.
  2. What is the difference between strategy and tactic?
  3. “You can’t fight a war without food.” – the logistics of war.
  4. The three ingredients of warfare: mobility, security and firepower (a balanced approach).
  5. Tactics of organized warfare
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  1. Read for understanding
  2. Summarize
  3. Compare and Contrast
  4. Use graphic organizers
  5. Use map skills
  6. Analyze the affect geography has on warfare
  7. Examine and draw conclusions about the evolution of warfare.
  8. Role-play variations of tactical use.

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Introduction to Warfare: Pre-history - Rome
Lens: Conflict
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. What are you fight for – competition for scarce resources, acquisition of power and territory.
  1. Water, food, territory, etc.
  2. Fight for the herds or fight for the farm
  1. The complexity of warfare developed with the complexity of civilizations (hunting and gathering v. agricultural)
  2. Summary of major developments in warfare in the following civilizations: Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Assyrian, Hittite, Persian, Greek & Roman
  3. Early fortification (early City States and Rome)
  4. Naval warfare (Galley warfare)
  5. The importance and outcomes of the following battles: Kadesh, Megiddo, Marathon, Salamis, Guagameala, Zama, Pydna, Alesia

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Introduction to Warfare: Pre-history - Rome
Lens: Conflict
Instructional Plan/Activities
(Correlations) / / /
Round Robin activity using various readings on pre-historic warfare / 1-4 / 1-15 / 1-7
Create a conquest map of Alexander the Great / 1-4 / 1-4, 6-10, 12-15 / 1-7
Student re-enactments: Hoplite, Roman Legion, etc. / 1-3 / 1-4, 8-9, 11-12, 15 / 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8

Critical Content/Concept Web

Unit Topic: War in the Middle Ages/The Military Renaissance

Conceptual Lens: Change

Grade: 11th & 12th


Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: War in the Middle Ages/The Military Renaissance
Lens: Change

Enduring Understandings

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Guiding Questions

  1. The fall of a central government creates instability and chaos. (1, 2)
  1. Groups of people unite for protection. (4, 5, 6, 9)
  1. Advances in weaponry transform military warfare. (10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
  1. War creates formal sets of rules. (5, 7, 8)
  1. The acquisition of wealth can lead to conflict. (3, 4, 8, 9)
/ 1a. What does a strong central government provide?
1b. What will happen with the loss of a central government?
2a. What created the need for feudalism?
2b. How does feudalism work?
3a. Why did gun powder replace earlier forms of weapons?
3b. How did the use of gun powder encourage changes in strategy and tactic?
3c. How did fortifications change as a result of the development of gun powder?
4a. How did chivalry impact rules for warfare? Is chivalry still present in warfare today?
5a. What was the driving force behind the Viking invasion?
5b. Was wealth one of the driving forces behind the Crusades and Arab conquests?
Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: War in the Middle Ages/The Military Renaissance
Lens: Change
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. The fall of the Roman Empire created a need for stability, leadership, protection, and a form of government.
  2. Without the framework of a strong government war for plunder becomes common place.
  3. The timeframe for the beginning of Islam’s conquest of the Middle East.
  4. The Vikings were the ultimate raiders:
  1. The long ship allowed them to travel up river.
  2. Strategy of hit and run
  3. The objective of war from the Viking perspective is plunder.
  1. The feudal system develops from the need for military protection.
  2. The main fortification of the feudal system was the development of the castle.
  3. The feudal system created a new code of military ethics called Chivalry. Chivalry is the first example of “Rules of War.” (Also know the code Bushido in Feudal Japan.)
  4. Religion and the acquisition of wealth were the primary causes of the Crusades.
/
  1. Read for understanding
  2. Summarize
  3. Compare and Contrast
  4. Use graphic organizers
  5. Use map skills
  6. Analyze the effect geography has on warfare
  7. Examine and draw conclusions about the evolution of warfare
  8. Model various military developments

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: War in the Middle Ages/The Military Renaissance
Lens: Change
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  • The significance of Jerusalem to three religions
  1. The Mongols created the largest continuous land-empire in history.
  2. The gunpowder revolution replaces many previously known weapons, tactics and fortifications.
  3. Firearm development
  • A man-powered delivery system is replaced by a mechanical and/or chemical delivery system.
  1. Gunpowder initiates the need for a new style of fortifications (The Star Fortification)
  2. The Galley is replaced by the age of sail.
  3. The influence of GustavusAdolphus’ combined arms tactics.

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: War in the Middle Ages/The Military Renaissance
Lens: Change
Instructional Plan/Activities
(Correlations) / / /
Students make a model of a castle to include the military fortifications / 2,3 / 5, 6, 8, 11, 12 / 1, 2, 3, 7, 8
Jigsaw Activity of Muslim expansion and conquest / 4, 5 / 1, 3, 8 / 1, 2, 4, 7
Mapping activities: Viking conquests, Crusades, The Mongol Empire / 1-5 / 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 / 1, 2, 3, 5, 6

Critical Content/Concept Web

Unit Topic: State Armies & Modern War (Industrialized War)

Conceptual Lens: Industrialization

Grade: 11th & 12th


Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: State Armies & Modern War (Industrialized War)
Lens: Industrialization

Enduring Understandings

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Guiding Questions

  1. The ability to centralize resources at a national level will be reflected in military might. (1,2,3,4,7,11,18)
  1. Technological advancements in civilizations increase a nation’s ability to make war. (4,8,9,10,11,14,15,16,17,18,19)
  1. Technological advancements increase the complexity of combined arms and their strategic and tactical use. (5,6,7,18)
/ 1a. What is the Nation State?
1b. How can a strong centralized government influence the size and power of its military capabilities?
2a. How did the rifled musket impact war?
2b. What impact did industrialization have on military capacity?
3a. Who were Frederick the Great, and von Clausewitz and Sun Tzu?
3b. How did their ideas and writings create a blueprint for conducting modern war?
Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: State Armies & Modern War (Industrialized War)
Lens: Industrialization
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. Centralized Nation States replace Feudalism.
  2. The Nation State can know mobilize and centralize all military resources.
  3. The Nation State creates large professional armies.
  4. The establishment of modern combined arms (infantry, cavalry and artillery).
  5. The important of Frederick the Great’s developments in military tactics and strategy (Classical Maneuvers of War).
  6. The Principles of War (von Clausewitz & Sun Tzu).
  7. The importance behind Napoleon’s ideas of Conscription and Nationalism.
  8. The effect Industrialization had on the technological advances, size, scope and scale of war.
  9. The importance of the minie ball in firearm development.
  10. The American Civil War is the first modernized industrial war.
  11. Europeans will use the modern national government and industrial power to conquer the world.
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  1. Read for understanding
  2. Summarize
  3. Compare and Contrast
  4. Use graphic organizers
  5. Use map skills
  6. Analyze the effect geography has on warfare
  7. Examine and draw conclusions about the evolution of warfare
  8. Model various military developments

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: State Armies & Modern War (Industrialized War)
Lens: Industrialization
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. The alliance system of WWI and WWII will create a new scale of war.
  2. The new technologies of war: machine gun, tank, airplane, aircraft carrier, poison gas, submarine, battleships, radio, sonar, radar.
  3. The offensive and defensive cycle of Trench Warfare.
  4. Strategic and tactical bombing.
  5. The military impact of Blitzkrieg.
  6. The importance of sea power.
  7. The concept of Total War.
  8. The significance of the nuclear bomb.

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: State Armies & Modern War (Industrialized War)
Lens: Industrialization
Instructional Plan/Activities
(Correlations) / / /
Make a model, 2-fold display or PPT on a military development during the age of State Armies and Modern Warfare / 2, 3 / 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 / 1, 2, 7, 8
Use guest speakers from the community to show differences between WWI & WWII. / 2, 2 / 12, 13, 14 / 3, 4, 7

Critical Content/Concept Web

Unit Topic: Limited War and Wars of Ideology

Conceptual Lens: Technology & Ideology

Grade: 11th & 12th


Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Limited War and Wars of Ideology
Lens: Technology and Ideology

Enduring Understandings

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Guiding Questions

  1. Highly advanced technology creates a stalemate in the offensive and defensive cycle. (1,2,3,4,5, 6)
  1. Ideology drives conflict. (5,7,8,9,10,11)
  1. The lack of technology can be used as a military advantage. (2,5,8,10,11)
/ 1a. Where/When was the first atomic bomb used on the battlefield?
1b. Why don’t nations use atomic weapons today?
2a. Why did we enter into the Cold War?
2b. Why did we enter into the War on Terror?
3a. What is guerilla warfare? Why is it an advantage to underdeveloped nations or groups of people?
3b. What is the goal of terrorism?
Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Limited War and Wars of Ideology
Lens: Technology and Ideology
AC = Assessment Code:Q – QuizzesP - Prompts

Critical Content and SkillsO – ObservationsWS – Work Samples

D – DialoguesSA – Student Self-Assessment
T - Tests
Students will Know… / AC / Students will be able to do… / AC
  1. The difference between total war and limited war.
  2. The nuclear age will restrict the scale of war.
  3. The new strategic balance created by Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD will deter total war.
  4. Technology advanced delivery systems for nuclear weapons.
  5. War by proxy/war through client states.
  6. Controlling military technology creates a possibility of advantage.
  7. The concept of protracted defensive war.
  8. Guerilla war will be added element to strategic and tactical warfare.
  9. Ideology drives war
  10. The military goal of terrorism
  11. Terrorism neutralized technological advantages
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  1. Read for understanding
  2. Summarize
  3. Compare and Contrast
  4. Use graphic organizers
  5. Use map skills
  6. Analyze the effect geography has on warfare
  7. Examine and draw conclusions about the evolution of warfare
  8. Model various military developments

Grade: 11-12
Subject: Military History
Unit: Limited War and Wars of Ideology
Lens: Technology and Ideology
Instructional Plan/Activities
(Correlations) / / /
Students create their own guerilla campaign. / 3 / 8-11 / 1-8
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