Name: ______folder #: ______
Fall 2012 First Quarter Chemistry Progress Assessment Study Guide ( not complete )
General Knowledge
Multiple Choice: Select the option that best answers the question or task.
1)Which of the following is NOT a major component of the scientific method?
a)observingb) generalizingc) measuringd) testinge) theorizing
2)Which of the following is an example of quantitative information?
a)volumeb) colorc) textured) shapee) smell
3)Which of the following is an example of qualitative information?
a)densityb) tastec) lengthd) weighte) area
4)The main difference between mass and weight is a factor known as:
a)quantityb) inertiac) gravityd) conservatione) composition
5)Among the following, which are examples of matter?
a)elementsb) chemicalsc) pure substancesd) atomse) all of the above
6)Which of the following are the two major types of energy?
a)kinetic and chemical b) potential and solarc) kinetic and potential
d) potential and mechanicale) solar and mechanical
7)Which of the following is NOT an example of potential energy?
a)water behind a damb) water flowing over a damc) a boulder at the top of a hill d) a stretched rubber band e) a stick of dynamite
8)Which of the following is NOT an example of kinetic energy?
a)a baseball in flightb) a water balloonc) a hurricaned) a burning candle
9)Which of the following is a state of matter?
a)solidb) liquidc) gasd) all of the above
10)Which of the following is NOT a physical property?
a)melting pointb) heightc) flammabilityd) volumee) color
11)Which of the following is NOT a chemical property?
a)densityb) flammabilityc) toxicityd) reactivitye) oxidation state
12)Which of the following is an intensive physical property?
a)mass b) volume c) density d) lengthe) area
13)Which of the following is an extensive physical property?
a)color b) melting point c) ductility d) crystal structuree) weight
*** continued ***
14) Which one of the following is an intensive property that is qualitative in nature?
a)densityb) colorc) massd) lengthe) volume
15)Which one of the following is an intensive property that is quantitative in nature?
a)area b) melting point c) ductility d) crystal structuree) malleability
16)Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
a)decompositionb) cooking c) rusting d) oxidation e) all of the above
17)Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
a)grinding a sugar cube into powder b) melting c) boiling d) freezing e) all of the above
18)When ice melts, the water undergoes which of the following?
a)a chemical changeb) a physical changec) both
19)The chopping of wood into smaller pieces can be classified as which of the following?
a)a chemical changeb) a physical changec) both
20)The burning of paper can be classified as which of the following?
a)a chemical changeb) a physical changec) both
21) When salt is dissolved in water, the salt undergoes which of the following?
a)a chemical changeb) a physical changec) both
22) The boiling of water until it evaporatesis an example of which of the following?
a)a chemical changeb) a physical changec) both
23)Which of the following is NOT an observable change that would indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred?
a)The evolution of heat and light.b) The production of a gas. c) The formation of a precipitate. d) The freezing of a solid.
24)Which of the following is NOT an example of an exothermic process?
a)combustion of fuelsb) condensation of a vapor to a liquidc) explosion of a firecracker d) the melting of ice e) the formation of snow flakes
25)Which of the following is NOT an example of an endothermic process?
a)the making of ice creamb) the melting of ice creamc) the eating of ice cream
26)In photosynthesis, the transfer of energy from sunlight to the plant’s cells is an example of which of the following processes?
a)endothermicb) exothermicc) both a & bd) neither a nor b
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27)The transferring of energy during both a 100 megaton nuclear bomb explosion and a drop of water freezing is an example of which of the following processes?
a)endothermicb) exothermicc) both a & bd) neither a nor b
28)Which of the following processes describes what happens to the energy (heat) in the air that surrounds solid water (ice) as the water turns into a liquid?
a)endothermicb) exothermicc) both a & bd) neither a nor b
29)Each sample of matter can be classified into which of the following types?
a)a pure substanceb) a mixturec) both a & bd) either a or b
30)Referring to samples of matter, which of the following is NOT an example of a mixture?
a)gasolineb) airc) sugard) Dr. Peppere) grapefruit juice
31)Referring to samples of matter, which of the following is NOT an example of a pure substance?
a)milkb) distilled water c) salt d) oxygene) silver
32)Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
a)vegetable soupb) milkc) chocolate chip cookiesd) all of the above
33)Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
a)airb) sea water c) Mountain Dew d) chocolate syrupe) all of the above
34)The two categories for classifying samples of homogeneous matter are homogeneous mixtureand which of the following?
a)pure substancesb) pure solutionsc) pure phasesd) pure precipates
35)Which of the following is an example of an element?
a)saltb) waterc) copperd) NaCle) H2O
36)Which of the following is an example of a compound?
a)goldb) silverc) copperd) calciume) salt
For the following questions, #37 & #38, refer to the chemical equation as diagramed in the box (fig 1) below.
fig 1:
37)In reference to the above chemical reaction, which substance or substances are the reactants?
a)2Hb) Oc) H2Od) both a & be) both b & c
38)In reference to the above chemical reaction, which substance or substances are the products?
a)2Hb) Oc) H2Od) both a & be) both b & c
*** continued ***
For the following questions 46 – 51, refer to the periodic table.
39)Which of the following sets is a representation of a periodic table group?
a)[ Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne ] b) [ F, Cl, Br, I, At ]
40)Which of the following sets is a representation of a periodic table period?
a)[ Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar ]b) [ B, Al, Ga, In, Tl ]
41)Which of the following sets is a representation of periodic table metals?
a)[ Mg, Co, Ga, In, Os, Ba, Ra ] b) [ B, Si, Ge, As, Se, Sb, Te ] c) [ C, N, P, S, Cl, Br, I ]
42)Which of the following sets is a representation of periodic table non-metals?
a)[ Mg, Co, Ga, In, Os, Ba, Ra ] b) [ B, Si, Ge, As, Se, Sb, Te ] c) [ C, N, P, S, Cl, Br, I ]
43)Which of the following sets is a representation of periodic table metalloids?
a)[ Mg, Co, Ga, In, Os, Ba, Ra ] b) [ B, Si, Ge, As, Se, Sb, Te ] c) [ C, N, P, S, Cl, Br, I ]
44)Which of the following is NOT a physical property of the element copper?
a)metallic lusterb) ductilec) malleabled) translucent
True or False: Read the statement, decide if the statement is true or false, then bubble A for true or B for false.
45) T / F : The Periodic Table arranges the elements according to their properties.
46) T / F : In the Periodic Table, elements with similar properties are found in the same period (row).
47) T / F : The ultimate goal of scientific investigations is to explain and predict natural phenomena.
48) T / F : Pharmaceutical Chemistry is the study of substances found within the atomic nucleus.
49) T / F : In the scientific method, testing and experimenting are basically the same thing.
50) T / F : In the scientific method, a hypothesis and a theory are basically the same thing.
51) T / F : A pure substance can be either a homogeneous sample of matter or a heterogeneous sample of matter.
52) T / F : Every sample of a given pure substance can have different physical and chemical properties.
53) T / F : Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same chemical composition.
54) T / F : A pure substance cannot be separated into other substances without changing its identity.
55) T / F : A pure substance is an element and never a compound.
56)T / F : A solution in which water is the solvent is referred to as an aqueous solution.
57)T / F : The volume of an object is the amount it weighs.
58)T / F : In the Periodic Table, elements within a period have many similar properties.
59)T / F : The noble gases do not fit into other classes within the Periodic Table because of their non- reactive natures.
60)T / F : The micro-electronics revolution, which has resulted in PCs, smart-phones, digital cameras, and
hundreds of other gadgets that are changing global communication, business, economies, and
politics, is based upon semi-conducting elements.
*** continued ***
Diagram:
Use the three diagrams below to answer the next three questions.
61)Which diagram shows the boulder when its kinetic energy is at its greatest?
a)Diagram Ab) Diagram Bc) Diagram C
62)Which diagram shows the boulder when its potential energy is at its least?
a)Diagram Ab) Diagram Bc) Diagram C
63)Which diagram shows the boulder when its potential energy is at its greatest?
a)Diagram Ab) Diagram Bc) Diagram C
Multiple Choice – Terms:Select the term that best fits the given definition.
64)Numerical information.
a)Quantitative Informationb) Qualitative Information
65)Non-numerical information.
a)Quantitative Informationb) Qualitative Information
66)A broad generalization that explains a body of known facts orphenomena.
a)Theoryb) Lawc) Hypothesis
67)A generalization that describes a wide variety of behaviors in nature.
a)Theoryb) Lawc) Hypothesis
68)A testable statement.
a)Theoryb) Lawc) Hypothesis
69)The study of the composition and structure of materials and the changes they undergo.
a)Chemistryb) Biologyc) Physicsd) Botanye) Zoology
70)A logical approach to the solution of problems that lend themselves to investigations by observing, generalizing, theorizing, and testing.
a)Scientific Methodb) Scientific Calculationsc) Scientific Calculatord) Science Stuff
71)The study of the properties and transformations of matter in terms of fundamental physical properties.
a)Biochemistryb) Physical Chemistry c) Organic Chemistry d) Inorganic Chemistry
*** continued ***
72)The study of substances containing carbon and hydrogen.
a)Biochemistryb) Physical Chemistry c) Organic Chemistry d) Inorganic Chemistry
73)The study of all substances and processes that occur in living things.
a)Biochemistryb) Physical Chemistry c) Organic Chemistry d) Inorganic Chemistry
74)The study of all substances not classified as organic chemicals.
a)Biochemistryb) Physical Chemistry c) Organic Chemistry d) Inorganic Chemistry
75)Resistance to change in motion.
a)Inertiab) Weightc) Massd) Mattere) Energy
76)A measure of the earth’s gravitational attraction for matter.
a)Inertiab) Weightc) Massd) Mattere) Energy
77)A measure of the quantity of matter.
a)Inertiab) Weightc) Massd) Mattere) Energy
78)Anything that has mass and occupies space.
a)Inertiab) Weightc) Massd) Mattere) Energy
Lab book Investigations section:
Inv # 1
Term match-up: Match the term with its definition.
79)______Interaction
80)______Observation
81)______Conductivity
82)______Chemical Name
83)______Chemical Formula
84)______Classification System
85)______Clarity
86)______Color
87)______Solution
88)______Slovent
89)______Solute
90)______Soluble
91)______Insoluble
92)______Dissolve
93)______Quantitative Information
94)______Qualitative Information
Term match-up ( continued ): Match the term with its definition.
95)______Interpret
96)______Criteria
97)______Characteristics
98)______Homogenous
99)______Heterogeneous
100)______Analyze
101)______Suspension
102)______Mixture
103)______Distributed
104)______Particles
105)______Derive
106)______Colloidal
107)______Disperse
Short Essay:
108)Describe where in the world of science the term “test” is used, its correct usage, and explain its proper and improper usage and why people use words improperly.______
______
______
______
______
______
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109)If sugar dissolves in water to form a solution, then why would a certain amount of sugar stop dissolving in a certain amount of water? ______
______
Multiple Choice:
110)If the mass of a solute is 10 g and its volume is 2 ml, what is its density ?
a)0.05 g/mlb) 0.5 g/mlc) 5.0 g/mld) 50 g/mle) 500 g/ml
Multiple Choice ( continued ):
111)If the density of a solution is 20 g/ml and its volume is 5.0 ml, what is its mass ?
a).100 gb) 1.00 gc) 10.0 gd) 100 ge) 0.01 g
112)If the density of a solvent is 6 g/ml and its mass is 120 g, what is its volume ?
a) .002 mlb) .02 mlc) .20 mld) 2.0 mle) 20 ml
113)The ability for an aqueous solution to transfer electrons between positive and negative poles is called:
a)conductivityb) ion exchangeabilityc) electron flowabilityd) all of the above
Inv # 2
Term match-up: Match the term with its definition.
114)______Substance
115)______Evaporation
116)______System
117)______Percentage
118)______Calculate
119)______Value
120)______Conclusion
121)______Procedure
122)______Record
123)______Physical Change
124)______Chemical Change
125)______Reversible
126)______Irreversible
127)______Complex
128)______Informative
129)______Uniformly
130)______Fermentation
131)______Effervescent
132)______
133)Give three ( 3 ) examples of numbers that have digits in two decimal places.
______
134)The investigation manual uses the word “test” often during experiments. Is this a correct usage of the word test? (circle one) yes no
135)Where else in the world of science is the term “test” used? ______
Inv # 3
Term match-up: Match the term with its definition.
136)_____ Property ( as used in science, not real estate )
137)_____ Sample
138)_____ Appropriate
139)_____ Alcohol
140)_____ Graduated ( as it applies to glassware )
141)_____ Collect
142)_____ Transfer
143)_____ Density
144)_____ Relationship
145)_____ Average
146)_____ Apparatus
147)_____ Compare
148)_____ Determine
149)_____ Evidence
150)_____ Experiment
151)_____ Appearance
152)_____ Cylindrical
153)_____ Assume
154)_____ Absorb
155)_____ Displacement
156)_____ Scientific Hypothesis
157)_____ Scientific Theory
158)_____ Scientific Law
Supplemental General Knowledge
What is Chemistry?
Match-up:For each numbered term, enter the letter corresponding to the definition that best matches the term.
____ 1- ChemistryA- Numerical information.
____ 2- Scientific MethodB- A broad generalization that explains a body of known facts or phenomena.
____ 3- Quantitative InformationC- The study of the composition and structure of materials and the changes they undergo.
____ 4- Qualitative InformationD- Non-numerical information.
____ 5- HypothesisE- A generalization that describes a wide variety of behaviors in nature.
____ 6- LawF- A testable statement.
____ 7- TheoryG- A logical approach to the solution of problems that lend themselves to investigations by observing, generalizing, theorizing, and testing.
____ 8– Organic ChemistryH- The study of the properties and transformations of matter in terms of fundamental physical properties.
____ 9- Inorganic ChemistryI- The study of substances containing carbon and hydrogen.
____ 10- Physical ChemistryJ- The study of all substances and processes that occur in living things.
____ 11- BiochemistryK- The Identification of materials and the qualitative and quantitative determination of the composition of materials.
____ 12- Analytical ChemistryL- The study of all substances not classified as organic chemicals.
____ 13- ChemicalM- A substance produced by or used in a chemical process.
Scientific Method:
Put the following scientific method categories listed in the right column in their typical proper order as explained and diagramed in your textbook. (Reminder: “Categories” are groupings of the individual scientific method steps that scientists take within a particular category grouping. Do not confuse categories with steps. For example: Testing is a category meaning to test or “confirm” or “challenge” a theory or hypothesis; and experiment is a step within the observing category.)
14 ______a- Theorizing
15 ______b- Generalizing
16 ______c- Testing (note: “Testing” is not “Experimentation” )
17 ______d- Observing
Short Answer:
18, 19: What are the two categories of natural sciences? ______
20: Into which of the above two categories of natural science does chemistry fall? ______
21, 22: Give two examples of a chemical: ______
23, 24: Name the two laws mentioned in the reading that are studied in chemistry: ______, ______
25: What type of microscope mentioned in the reading can magnify a specimen 100 million times? ______
True or False:
26: T / F -- The ultimate goal of scientific investigations is to explain and predict natural phenomena.
27: T / F -- Pharmaceutical Chemistry is the study of substances found within the atomic nucleus.
Matter and Energy
Match-up:
_____ 1 –MassA- Resistance to change in motion.
_____ 2 –MatterB- A measure of the earth’s gravitational attraction for matter.
_____ 3 – EnergyC- A measure of the quantity of matter.
_____ 4 – WeightD- Anything that has mass and occupies space.
_____ 5 –Solid StateE- A proven theory stating that matter cannot be either created nor
destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes.
_____ 6 – InertiaF- The ability to cause change or the ability to do work.
_____ 7 – Kinetic EnergyG- The energy of an object in motion.
_____ 8 – Potential EnergyH- The energy that an object has because of its position or composition.
_____ 9 – Law of Conservation of MatterI – A proven theory stating that energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical orphysical changes.
_____ 10 – Law of Conservation of EnergyJ- The state of any matter that has a definite shape and volume.
_____ 11 – Liquid StateK-The state of any matter that has a definite volume but an indefinite shape.
_____ 12 –Physical PropertyL- The state of any matter that has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
_____ 13 – PropertiesM- Characteristics that enable us to distinguish one kind of matter from another.
_____ 14 –Intensive Physical PropertiesN –A type of property that can be observed or measured without altering the identity of a material.
_____ 15 – Extensive Physical PropertiesO –A type of physical property determined from the amount of matter present and includes mass, length, and volume.
_____ 16 – Gaseous StateP – A type of physical property determined not from the amount of matter present and includes melting point, boiling point, density, ductility, malleability,color, crystalline shape, and refractive index.
_____ 17 – Changes of StateQ – Any change in a property of matter that does not result in a change of identity.
_____ 18 –Physical ChangeR – The physical changes between gaseous, liquid, or solid forms.
_____ 19 – Chemical PropertyS – A type of property in reference to the ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity.
_____ 20 –ExothermicT – Any change in which one or more substances are converted into
different substances with different characteristic properties.
_____ 21 – Chemical Change (chemical reaction)U – The substances that undergo a chemical reaction.
_____ 22 – PrecipitateV – The new substances produced by a chemical reaction.
_____ 23 – ProductsW – A solid that separates from a solution.
_____ 24 – EndothermicX – A process that releases heat.
_____ 25 – ReactantsY – A process that absorbs heat.
Short Answer:
26: What is the difference between weight and mass? ______
27: What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy? ______
28: What is the difference between extensive physical properties and intensive physical properties of matter? ______
29: What is the difference between physical properties and chemical properties of matter? ______
30: What is the difference between physical changes and chemical changes? ______
31: What is the difference between exothermic processes and endothermic processes? ______
Classification of Matter
Match-up:
____ 1- Law of Definite CompositionA- A combination of two or more kinds of matter each of which retains its own composition and properties.
____ 2-Solutions B- A type of mixture in which the composition and properties are not uniform; they differ from point to point in the mixture.
____ 3- Phase C- Where portions of matter have both the same chemical and physical
properties.
____ 4- Pure Substance D- A type of mixture in which the composition and properties are uniform throughout the mixture.
____ 5-HomogeneousE- Another way to describe homogeneous mixtures.
____ 6-Chemical CompoundF- A homogeneous sample of matter that has the same composition and properties, whatever its sourcs.
____ 7-HeterogenousG- A substance that cannot be separated into other substances by any ordinary chemical change.
____ 8– ElementH- A pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more simple substances by an ordinary chemical change.
____ 9- MixtureI – A law that states: A chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound.
Short Answer:
Give two examples of a homogeneous mixture.
10)______
11)______
Give two examples of a heterogeneous mixture.
12)______
13)______
The Chemical Elements
Match-up:
____ 1- Groups or FamiliesA- The vertical columns of elements in the Periodic Table are referred to as these.
____ 2-Non-metal B- The name for the horizontal rows of elements in the Periodic Table.
____ 3- Periods C- An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
____ 4- Metalloid D- An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
____ 5-MetalE- An Element that has some properties characteristic of metals and
others characteristic of nonmetals.
Short Answer:
6: Cuprum is the older name for which element? ______
7: Aurum is the older name for which element? ______
8: Ferrum is the older name for which element? ______
9: Natrium is the older name for which element? ______
10: The elements in Group 18 are known as ______
11: In reference to the Periodic Table, what are the groups? ______
12: In reference to the Periodic Table, what are the periods? ______
Fill-in-the-blanks:
13, 14, 15: The general ______among the ______of different elements provide one way of ______them.
16: Because aluminum foil is ______, it resists breaking when reshaped, folded, or crumpled.