Biology 101 Study Exam VI
Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing energy in what form to what other form?
According to which law of physics, energy cannot be created or destroyed?
A steer must eat at least 100 pounds of grain to gain less than 10 pounds of muscle tissue. This illustrates the principle of what law?
What are some examples of potential energy?
What does the term endergonic mean? What would be an example of a process that was endergonic?
Cellular metabolism includes what activities of the cell?
Chemical reactions that involve the release of energy are called what?
What do we call the transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound?
Chemical reactions that require the input of energy are called what?
The energy transfer molecule of the cell, known as the energy currency of the cell, is called what?
The ability of living systems to acquire and use energy for growth and repair is called what?
Anything that prevents ATP formation in a cell will potentially do what to the cell?
When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it couples what type of reaction with what other type of reaction? What does redox stand for and what are reduction and oxidation reactions?
What are some of the characteristics of the ATP molecule? What does ATP stand for? Describe its structure.
ATP can be used as the cell’s energy currency because?
What is activation energy?
Most of a cell’s enzymes are used for what? Where are most of the cell’s enzymes found in a cell?
All energy (at least 99.98% of it) for life comes from what source?
Describe some characteristics of enzymes.
What are some rules that apply to enzymes and catalysts
What is a catalyst?
Are all proteins in your body enzymes? What else could they be?
When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, what does it do?
Are enzymes needed to make reactions occur that would not normally occur?
The substance that an enzyme works upon is called what?
What does the term “active site” Stand for? Is it on an enzyme?
The nitrogenous base found in a molecule of ATP is what?
What is denaturization? How does this relate to heat?
What factors can affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
Plasma membranes are selectively permeable, what does this mean?
How does a competitive inhibitor block an enzyme’s action?
How do we define Energy?
Describe some forms of kinetic energy.
What is the full definition of The Law of Conservation?
What is Entropy?
What is the full definition of The Law of Entropy?
Can enzymes work with any substrate that is available to it?
Can enzymes work both the forward and reverse directions for a chemical reaction?
What do we call the starting materials for a chemical reaction?
What do we call the final materials for a chemical reaction?
What does the arrow stand for in a chemical reaction?
Some reactions are multiple step processes; the compounds formed between the start and end of a chemical reaction are called what?
The idea that a substance may be made in a process of several steps with alternative branches is called a what?
The part of metabolism that deals with the breaking down of substances is called?
The part of metabolism that deals with the synthesis of new substances is called?
As the substrate concentration decreases, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction will do what?
Inhibitors that alter the shape of an enzyme without occupying the active site are referred to as what type of inhibitor?
As temperature increases, does the rate of enzyme function increase indefinitely?
What is a negative feedback system?
Glucose stores potential energy in the form of what?
What is cellular respiration?
What is photosynthesis?
How are these two reactions related to one another?
Where do they occur?
How many ATP are produced by the oxidation of one molecule of glucose.
What are the three steps to respiration? What are the two steps to photosynthesis?