Mohandas Gandhi: Nonviolence for Independence

Global History and Geography II Name: ______

E. Napp Date: ______

Questions:

  1. Why were colonial people dissatisfied after World War I? ______
  2. What did colonial people believe they were going to receive after World War I? ______
  3. Why did colonial people believe this? ______
  4. How did the League of Nations strengthen colonialism after the First World War? ______
  5. What increased during the interwar years? ______

“Indians fought on the side of Britain in the First World War and received promises of self-government after the war. However, the British took few steps in that direction. The Amritsar Massacre (1919) further disillusioned Indians. During the massacre, British soldiers fired on a large crowd that had gathered peacefully to protest British rule in violation of a ban on meetings. Over three hundred people were killed and a thousand wounded. This led the Indian National Congress to agitate for independence.”

  1. What happened at Amritsar in 1919 and how did this change Indians? ______

Mohandas Gandhi is best known for his
(1)use of passive resistance to achieve Indian independence
(2)desire to establish and Islamic nations
(3)opposition to Hindus holding political office
(4)encouragement of violence to end British rule
The primary goal of the Indian National Congress (1855-1947) was to
(1)reform the Hindu religion
(2)partition India between Muslims and Hindus
(3)create a socialist economy
(4)gain independence from Great Britain
The rise of independent states in Asia and Africa after World War II demonstrates the
(1)failure of nationalist movements
(2)influence of socialism
(3)success of United Nations peacekeeping forces
(4)decline of European colonial empires
Which action best illustrates Mohandas Gandhi’s concept of civil disobedience?
(1)a British army outpost was bombed as a protest against the British presence in Northern Ireland
(2)citizens in the United States went to jail for violation segregation laws
(3)French citizens wrote letters to their government to oppose arms sale to Iraq
(4)supporters of Ferdinand Marcos attempted a coup d’état against the Philippine government / Which event was used by Mohandas Gandhi to bring world attention to the injustices of British colonialism?
(1)salt march
(2)partition of India
(3)Sepoy Mutiny
(4)formation of the Indian parliament
Since the 1950’s, India has experienced conflict with both Pakistan and China over
(1)United Nations peacekeeping efforts in the region
(2)India’s increasing trade with Korea
(3)borders and related territorial issues
(4)the interpretation of common religious works
Which statement best reflects a belief of Mohandas Gandhi?
(1)Muslims and Hindus must be separated if true peace is to come to India
(2)India must adopt the British factory system
(3)The caste system must remain an important cornerstone of Hindu society
(4)India must achieve independence, but not at the expense of further dividing the Indian people
Since India’s independence in 1947, the government has had the greatest success in
(1)increasing overall food production
(2)reducing the population
(3)eliminating religious conflict
(4)controlling industrial pollution

Questions:

  1. Who was Mohandas Gandhi? ______
  2. What did he want? ______
  3. How did he plan to achieve his goal? ______

1-List two geographic features of the Indian subcontinent. ______

2-What was the British East India Company? ______

3-Who were Sepoys? ______

4-Why did the Sepoys rebel? ______

5-How did the Sepoy Mutiny end? ______

6-Why is the Sepoy Mutiny compared to the Boxer Rebellion? ______

7-Why did the British conquer India? ______

8-What did colonial India export? ______

9-What did the British sell to Indian? ______

10-How did British imperialism harm Indians? ______

11-Who was Mohandas Gandhi? ______

12-Why did Gandhi move to South Africa as a young man? ______

13-What incident in South Africa changed Gandhi? ______

14-Explain Gandhi’s boycott of British goods. ______

15-Why was the boycott effective? ______

16-Explain Gandhi’s Salt March. ______

17-Why were people willing to join the Salt March? ______

18-Who was Muhammad Ali Jinnah? ______

19-What did Jinnah want? ______

20-When did India receive independence? ______

21-Why was the subcontinent partitioned? ______

22-Who was the first Prime Minister of independent India? ______

23-What policy did he pursue during the Cold War? ______