Faculty: Ayurveda.

College: GovernmentAyurvedaMedicalCollege,

Mysore-570021.

Course of study: M.D in Ayurveda Siddhanta.

Name of the candidate:DR.A.ANNAPOORANI B.A.M.S.

Address: I M.D. DEPARTMENT OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES IN AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA, GOVERNMENTAYURVEDICMEDICALCOLLEGE,

MYSORE-570021

D/O S. ASWATH NARAYANAN.

66/58, ANNAMALAI GOUNDER

STREET, DHARMAPURI.

DISTRICT- DHARMAPURI.

STATE –TAMILNADU.

Date of admission to course 31ST MAY 2007

Title of the topic: - “concept of samskara and

MATRA VIRUDDHATVA OF

MADHU – AN ANALYTICAL

AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY.”

Guide: Dr.N.ANJANEYA MURTHY,

professOr,

department of post

GRADUATE STUDIES in

AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA,

G.A.M.C,

MYSORE-570021.

Remarks of Guide: Recommended the subject for registration.

Co-Guide: 1). DR. K. VENKAT SHIVUDU,

ASST. PROFESSOR,

DEPARTMENT OFPOST
GRADUATE STUDIES IN
AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA

J.S.S. AYURVEDA MEDICAL COLLEGE,MYSORE-570015.

2). DR. ANAND KATTI,

LECTURER,

DEPARTMENT OF POST
GRADUATE STUDIES IN
AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA,

G.A.M.C, MYSORE-570021.

Head of the Department: Dr. N.ANJANEYA MURTHY.,

PROFESSOR

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, DEPARTMENT OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES INAYURVEDA SIDDHANTA, G.A.M.C., MYSORE-570021.

BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK.

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Ayurveda, the science of life, has propagated the usage of naturally available animal, plant and mineral products both for the maintenance of health as well as for treating the diseases. The various animal products are Madhu, Gorasaa, Pitta, Vasa, Rakta, Mamsa, etc. Among the animal products Madhu is widely used in day today life as an Ahara, Anupana and Aushadha Dravya. According to Acharya Charaka, Madhu is the best Kaphapitta Shamaka.

In Ayurvedic classics it is clearly mentioned that on proper administration even an acute poison can act like an effective drug whereas if improperly administered i.e., by improper Matra, Samskara, Kala, Samyoga etc. an effective drug can also cause ill effects like poison. This statement is also applicable in relation with Madhu.

Madhu is a sweet and viscous fluid produced by honeybees and derived from the nectar of flowers. It has Madhura rasa, Kashaya anurasa, Sheeta virya, Guru and Ruksha guna. It does various actions like Vrana shodhana, Ropana, Sandhana, Agni deepana etc. Apart from Gunakarma, Acharyas also emphasize certain precautions to be taken during intake of Madhu like ushna and samaghrita Madhu are Samskara Viruddha and Matra Viruddha respectively.

Now, in the present time, these instructions are not strictly followed. Not only this certain purificatory procedures of honey like liquefaction and filtration needs application of heat to honey, which are contradictory in Ayurvedic perspective. So, it is the need of the hour to study the change in Physico-chemical properties of Madhu in relation with the method of purification as well as the combination of Madhu and Ghrita in equal quantity.

As it is the era of evidence based medicine, analytical and experimental study is carried to reassess the established truths.

OBJECTIVES of the STUDY:

  1. To review and compile the literature on Madhu.
  2. To study in detail about the Samskara and Matra Viruddhatwa of Madhu.
  3. To analyze the physico-chemical properties of unprocessed, processed and heated honey and also equal quantity of ghee mixed honey.
  4. To assess the probable toxicity on Wister Strain albino rats after administering the unprocessed, heated and equal quantity of ghee mixed honey.

Materials and METHODS:

Source of Data:

i)Literary: Literary data will be collected from the Vedic scriptures, Upanishads, Darshana Shastra, Ayurvedic and Modern text books, Reputed journals, Retrospective study conducted on related works from different universities, Internet etc.

ii) For Analytical Study:

a)Raw materials like - Madhu

- Goghrita

b)Reagents and chemicals used for bio – chemical evaluation.

Analytical study will be conducted on:

a)Un processed honey

b)Processed honey

c)Heated honey

d)Equal quantity ghee mixed with unprocessed honey and

Data will be procured from an accredited laboratory.

iii) Experimental study:

The Acute toxicological studies will be conducted according to WHO protocols for screening the acute toxicity in the heated honey and equal quantity of ghee mixed with honey in the Defense Food Research Laboratory (DFRL) or from any laboratory animal house recognized by CPCSEA.

Wister strain albino rats of required numbers will be taken for study.

Rats weighing 100 – 150g reared from the laboratory animal house, DFRL, Mysore.

The rats will be maintained and fed ad libitum with standard laboratory food and water.

Method of collection of DATA:

I. Analytical study of Honey samples:

Physico – chemical and other analytical methods will be adopted as follows:

Physical tests:

  1. Organoleptic characteristics
  2. Ash value
  3. Acid Insoluble ash
  4. pH
  5. Specific Gravity

Chemical tests:

  1. Hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF)
  2. Browning index
  3. Total phenolic compounds
  4. Flavonoids

II. Analytical study of ghee mixed with honey

Physico – chemical and other analytical methods will be adopted as follows:

Physical tests:

1. Organoleptic characteristics

2. Ash value

3. Acid Insoluble ash

4. pH

  1. Specific Gravity

Chemical tests:

  1. Peroxide value
  2. Saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio
  3. Free fatty acid
  4. TBA value (Thio Barbituric Acid value)
  5. Browning index
  6. Total phenolic compounds
  7. Flavonoids

ii)Experimental study:

The acute toxicological studies of heated honey and equal quantity of ghee mixed honey will be done on Wister strain albino rats weighing about 100-150 g according to WHO protocols for screening the acute toxicity and the results will be analyzed by the following statistical methods- descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test/contingency table analysis, Analysis of variance and ‘t’-test.

Inclusive CRITERIA:

  1. Adult albino rats of weight about 100 – 150 g.
  2. Healthy rats will be selected for the study.

Exclusive CRITERIA:

Others, which do not fulfill the above criteria.

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patients or otherhumans or animals if so please describe.

YES.

The study is carried on Wister strain albino rats.

INTERVENTIONS:

Group I-Rats will receive unprocessed honey & serve as control group

Group II-Rats will receive heated honey

Group III-Rats will receive unprocessed honey mixed with equal

quantity of ghee.

INVESTIGATIONS:

The animals tested for toxicological study will be sacrificed according to CPCSEA approved method after experiment. Then,

i)Microscopic study of the tissues is conducted to evaluate the toxicological manifestations.

ii)Spectro photometric (or) spectro fluorometric study will be done to evaluate any toxicity in various tissues viz., liver, kidney etc.,

iii)Histopathological study will be done if necessary in organs.

The experiments will be conducted under the supervision of the recognized guide.

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution?

Yes.

LIST OF REFERENCES:

1.Taranath Tarkavachaspathy Bhattacharya. Vachaspathya. Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita series office, 1969; (6): 4732.

2.Sir Monner-Williams M. A Sanskrit English dictionary. 1st reprint ed., Delhi: Mohanlal Banarsidas publisher’s pvt ltd, 1990: 779.

3.Haricharanavasu, Vrindadasa. Shabdakalpadruma. 3rd ed.,Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita series office, 1967; (5): 595-597.

4.Acharya YT, Acharya NR. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta. 7th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba orientalia, 2003: 207.

5.Sadashiva Shastri. Ashtanga Hrudaya of Vagbhata. Varanasi: Chowkamba Surabharathi Prakashan, 2002: 125.

6.Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1): 445.

7.Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1): 445.

8.Acharya YT, Acharya NR. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta. 7th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba orientalia, 2003: 207.

9.Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1):4.

10. Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1): 445.

11.Ramachandra Shastri Kinjawadekar. Ashtanga Sangraha of Vagbhata. 2nd ed., Delhi: Satguru publications, 1999: 92.

12.Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8thed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1):484.

13.Ramachandra Shastri Kinjawadekar. Ashtanga Sangraha of Vagbhata. 2nd ed., Delhi: Satguru publications,1999: 91.

14.Ganga sahaya Pandeya. Charaka samhita of Agnivesha. 8th ed., Varanasi: Chowkamba Samskrita Samsthana, 2004; (1):485.

15. as seen on 7/11/2007.

16.A.K.Nadkarni. Indian Materia Medica of Dr.K.M.Nadkarni. reprint 3rd ed., Mumbai: Popular prakashan pvt ltd, 2002; (2):192.

17. as seen on 8/11/2007.