Competency Goal 1:The New Nation (1789-1820) - The learner will identify, investigate, and assess the effectiveness of the institutions of the emerging republic.
Foundations of Government
Judiciary Act of 1789
Federalists-strong central government, wealthy businessmen, Alexander Hamilton
Republicans-states’ rights, southern farmers, Thomas Jefferson
Whiskey Rebellion-government would use force to maintain peace
Election of 1800-peaceful transfer of power
Marbury v. Madison, (1803)
Foundations of Freedom
Bill of Rights
Alien & Sedition Acts-limited freedom of speech, Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions opposed
Suffrage requirements-white male landowners
Foreign Policy
XYZ Affair-FranceEmbargo Act 1807Battle of Fallen Timbers
President Washington’s Proclamation Neutrality & President Washington’s Farewell Address
War Hawks-Republicans supporting War of 1812-caused by impressment and no freedom of the seas
Hartford Convention-Federalists and New England opposed the War of 1812
Pinckney’s Treaty-gave access to New Orleans
Competency Goal 2:Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) - The learner will assess the competing forces of expansionism.
Territorial Expansion
The Indian Removal Act 1830, Trail of Tears, Worchester v. Georgia, 1832
Adams-Onis Treaty-FloridaMissouri Compromise 1820-provision and results
Texas AnnexationOregon-“54-40 or Fight!”,Oregon TrailGadsden Purchase
Know a general timeline of additions.New additions added to the slavery conflict.
Art & Literature
Noah Webster
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Neoclassical Architecture
WashingtonIrving
Edgar Allen Poe
Nathaniel Hawthorne
James Fennimore Cooper
Hudson RiverSchool of Artists
Economics
Cotton Kingdom-southern cotton
Inventors- Samuel Morse, John Deere, Cyrus McCormick, Robert Fulton
Politics
Election of 1824“corrupt bargain” Jackson loses to J.Q. Adams, then Jackson forms the Democratic Party
Tariff of Abomination-South Carolina nullification, Hayne-Webster debates
Nativism, Know-Nothings-against immigration
Whig Party-formed to oppose Andrew Jackson
Monroe Doctrine-stay out of Western Hemisphere
Slavery/Reform
Eli Whitney-cotton gin created large plantations
Alex de Tocqueville-prison reformDorothea Dix-mentally ill reformsHorace Mann-education reform
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Women’s Rights-Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony
Grimke Sisters, Seneca Falls Convention
Abolitionists- William Lloyd Garrison(Liberator) Frederick Douglass(North Star)
Utopian Communities-Brook Farm, Oneida, New Harmony
Competency Goal 3:Crisis, Civil War and Reconstruction (1848-1877) - The learner will analyze the issues that led to the Civil War, the effects of the war, and the impact of Reconstruction on the nation.
Conditions/Slavery
Slave codesUnderground Railroad-Harriet Tubman
Harriet Beecher Stowe-Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Free Soil Party-antislavery movement
Events
Dred Scott-1857John Brown’s raid on Harper’s FerrySumner-Brooks Incident
Compromise of 1850-provisionsKansas-Nebraska Act 1854-provisions“Bleeding Kansas”
Lincoln-Douglas DebatesFugitive Slave Laws
Election of 1860-Stephen Douglas-popular sovereignty, split North with Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln-no extension, won the election
The War
Anaconda Plan-3 parts
Fort Sumter, S.C.First Battle of Bull Run/ManassasAntietam-bloodiest one day
Vicksburg-North controlled Mississippi RiverGettysburg-turning pointAppomattox-surrender
Jefferson Davis-confederate presidentEmancipation Proclamation
Total War-William Sherman’s March, Sheridan, and Grant
Reconstruction/Effects
Lincoln-10 Percent Plan “with malice toward none”
Black codes & Jim Crow LawsKKK founded
John Wilkes BoothRadical Republicans-Thaddeus Stevens
Andrew Johnson-impeachmentPresidential Reconstruction vs. Radical Reconstruction
Scalawags/Carpetbaggers/Copperheads
Freedman’s Bureau-helped former slaves with jobs, homes, educationSharecropping & tenant farming
Election of 1876-Hayes wins, ends ReconstructionSolid South
13th amendment14th amendment15th amendment
Competency Goal 4:The Great West and the Rise of the Debtor (1860-1896) - The learner will evaluate the great westward movement and assess the impact of the agricultural revolution on the nation.
Farmers and the West
Homestead Act MorrillLand Grant Act 1862
Comstock Lode, 49ers
Barbed wireRefrigerator carWindmillSteel Plow
Mormons-Joseph Smith, Brigham Young
The GrangeNational Farmer Alliances
William Jennings Bryan“Cross of Gold Speech”
Populist Party
Railroads
Transcontinental Railroad-Promontory Point, UtahIrish immigrants & Chinese immigrants
Rebates
Interstate Commerce Act 1887-regulates RR rates
Indian Wars
Dawes Severalty Act-1887-outlawed tribal ownership of land
Chief Joseph, Nez Perce
Battle of Little Big Horn-CusterSand Creek MassacreWounded Knee
Helen Hunt Jackson-Century of DishonorDestruction of the buffalo
Competency Goal 5:Becoming an Industrial Society (1877-1900) - The learner will describe innovations in technology and business practices and assess their impact on economic, political, and social life in America.
Big Business
Social Darwinism-survival of the fittest in businessRobber Barons/Captains of Industry
Andrew Carnegie-Gospel of Wealth, U.S. SteelJohn Rockefeller-Standard Oil Company
J. P. Morgan-banking and businessVanderbilt family-railroads
Edwin Drake-drilled for oilTrusts, monopolies
Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890-regulated trusts, not enforced very well
Inventions-Bell, Edison, Bessemer and Kelly
Immigration/Industrialization/Big Cities
Elevator Ellis Island Melting pot/Culture shock
Jane Addams-Settlement houses, Dumbbell tenementsFrederick Olmstead
Nativism-Chinese Exclusion Act New immigration
Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lives-about awful conditions in the cities
Labor Unions
Knights of Labor,American Federation of Labor-founded by Samuel Gompers
Haymarket Riot-made unions look like terrorists
Eugene Debs-American Railway UnionSweatshops
Workers-StrikeBusinesses-Yellow-dog contract, Closed shop
Settling differences-Negotiation, Mediation, Collective bargaining, Arbitration
Politics
Gilded Age-showy, but corrupt
Pendleton Act-civil service systemPolitical machines-Boss Tweed, Tammany Hall
Credit Mobilier scandalWhiskey Ring scandal
Secret ballot (Australian), Initiative, Referendum, and Recall-all gave power to the people
Competency Goal 6:The emergence of the United States in World Affairs (1890-1914) – The learner will analyze causes and effects of the United States emergence as a world power.
US gaining land
Seward’s Folly-Alaska
Hawaii-Queen Liliuokalani, AnnexationPhilippines-$20 million payment to Spain
Cuba-Platt Amendment set rules for themPancho Villa-Wilson sends Pershing after him
Panama Canal-negotiated a deal and gave us a very valuable property in LA
Spanish-American War 1898-“splendid little war”
Causes: USS Maine-explodedDe Lome Letter
Theodore Roosevelt & Rough Riders
William Randolph Hearst, Joseph Pulitzer-Yellow journalists
Foreign Policy
**Isolationism**-policy of being alone in the worldImperialism-creating an empire
Social Darwinism
Open Door Policy-Open up trading in China, eliminating spheres of influence
Good Neighbor Policy-no longer interfere in Latin America
Alfred Thayer Mahan-Sea Power bookTR sends Great White Fleet
Dollar Diplomacy-Taft, using money to influence Latin America
Roosevelt Corollary-Policemen of the Western Hemisphere, “speak softly and carry a big stick”
Missionary (Moral) Diplomacy-Wilson
Competency Goal 7:The Progressive Movement in the United States (1890-1914) – The learner will analyze the economic, political, and social reforms of the Progressive Period.
Progressives/Changes
Muckrakers-Ida Tarbell-History of Standard Oil, Upton Sinclair-The Jungle
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory FireRobert LaFollette-reform governor
Election of 1912-Progressive/Bull Moose Party-Theodore Roosevelt, Mr. Progressive returns.
Taft much more cautious than Roosevelt
Segregation
Plessey v Ferguson, 1896-established “separate but equal”
Niagra Movement led to NAACP-founded by WEB Dubois-fought for equalityGreat Migration
Voting problems: Disenfranchisement, Literacy test, Poll taxes, Grandfather clauses
Ida Wells Barnett-fought nationwide against lynchingBooker T. Washington-encouraged education=equality
Legislation
16th Amendment17th Amendment
Mann Elkins Act-Regulated RailroadsPayne Aldrich Tariff, 1909-lowered tariffs by 37%
Federal Reserve Act-Woodrow Wilson established the Fed. Reserve system
Innovations/Advertising
Wright brothers-first powered flight
Movie Camera,Electricity, Kodak cameras,Sewing machine-consumer items
Coca Cola-mass advertisingMail order catalogs-Sears allowed credit and installment plans
Henry Ford’s Innovations: $5 day, Assembly line, Model T, Workers as consumers
Competency Goal 8:The Great War and Its Aftermath (1914-1930) - The learner will analyze United States involvement in World War I and the war’s influence on international affairs during the 1920s.
U.S. in World War I
Causes in Europe: long range-Nationalism, Militarism, Alliances
Immediate-assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Reasons for U.S. entrance: Zimmerman Telegram, Lusitania (German submarine warfare)
Allies-U.S.England, FranceCentral Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary
Communist Revolution-Russia, 1917 led by Lenin
Woodrow Wilson-U.S. presidentKaiser Wilhelm-German leader
John J. Pershing led American Expeditionary Force (doughboys)Trench Warfare
Homefront: Selective Service act-draftWar Industries Board-coordinates production
Propaganda-Committee on Public Information(posters)
Espionage and Sedition ActsSchenck v United States, 1919
U.S. After World War I
“The Big Four”-U.S., Britain, France, Italy
Treaty of Versailles-weaknesses, reparations, helped cause depression and WWII
Fourteen Points (1-5, 14)-Wilson’s peace plan refused by Americans
14=League of Nations, isolationists disliked it, Henry Cabot Lodge
Palmer Raids-attorney general allowed suspected communists and socialists to be searched and jailed
Sacco and Vanzetti-immigrants/anarchists who were executed
Washington Naval Conference-maintained peace in the 1920’s but allowed Japan to become powerful
Competency Goal 9:Prosperity and Depression (1919-1939) - The learner will appraise the economic, social, and political changes of The 20’s & The 30’s.
20’s Culture
JazzSilent and “talkies” films
Langston HughesLouis Armstrong
F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Sinclair LewisMarcus Garvey
Speakeasies, Bootleggers
Babe Ruth, Charles Lindbergh-heroesScopes Trial
18th Amendment-Prohibition, temperance, Carrie Nation19th Amendment
FlappersCharleston dance
Economic Boom and Bust
“Return to Normalcy”-Harding -Teapot Dome scandal
laissez-faire-no government regulation, Coolidge
Speculation, Buying on the margin-big money on the stock market, causes the crash
“Black Tuesday”-Stock Market Crash-1929
Hoovervilles-Herbert Hoover associated with pain and sufferingMovies as escape
New Deal Reforms
FDR’s “Fireside Chats”FDR Court Packing Crisis
Social SecurityNew Deal-deficit spending, government relief
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Public Works Administration (PWA)Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)TennesseeValley Authority (TVA)
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)Works Progress Administration (WPA)
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)Fair Labor Standards Act
Competency Goal 10: World War II and the Beginning of the Cold War (1930-1963)
The learner will analyze the United States involvement in World War II and the war’s influence on international affairs in the following decades.
Totalitarianism in Europe
Desperate countries during the Depression needed strong leadersFascist/Nazi Parties=racism in Europe
Adolf Hitler-Germany, Nazi Party, 3rd ReichBenito Mussolini-Italy, Fascist Party
Joseph Stalin-Russia, Communist PartyEmperor Hirohito-Japan
Causes and Events leading to the War
**Isolationism**-U.S. Foreign Policy before WWIIKellogg-Briand Pact, 1928-Agreement not to go to war
Non-Aggression Pact-Germany and S.U. agreed not to fight as Germany invaded Poland
Munich Pact-Appeasement-giving in to Hitler’s demands (Czechoslovakia)
U.S. Approach: Neutrality Acts, Lend-Lease Act-FDR thought we should get involved
Invasion of Poland-Sept. 1, 1939-cause of war in Europe
Pearl Harbor-Dec. 7, 1941-Japanese attack brought us into the war
The War
Allies-U.S., Britain, France, Soviet UnionAxis-Germany, Italy, Japan
Blitzkrieg-German warfare Holocaust-Jews in concentration camps
Battle of Britain-air war for BritainBattle of the Bulge-for France
Douglas MacArthur, George Patton, Chester Nimitz-American Leaders
U.S. tactics: island-hopping, airdropsTurning Points: Stalingrad, El Alamein, Midway
D-Day (Operation Overlord)-cross-channel invasion into France
Atomic Bomb- J. Robert Oppenheimer led Manhattan Project that developed it.
Effects of the War
Winston Churchill-British leader-“Iron Curtain” speech
Nuremberg Trials-War crimes trialsCasablanca, Potsdam-Peace Conferences
Marshall Plan-economic plan to rebuild Europe
Homefront
Japanese Americans persecuted Korematsu v United States, 1944
War posters-propaganda War bonds sold
Women in the workplace-Rosie the Riveter Rationing, industries coordinated
FDR elected 4 times Selective Services Act-draft
“Baby Boom”-population explosion G.I. Bill-education and housing
Fair Deal-reform packageLevittown-large neighborhoods for the middle class
AFL-CIO-largest labor union, Taft-Hartley Act limited union’s powers
Cold War
N.A.T.O., S.E.A.T.O., Warsaw Pact-Military alliances
United Nations-peacekeeping Security Council-part of UN
Communist dominate Eastern EuropeNikita Khrushchev-new leader of S.U.
“Iron Curtain” & Berlin Wall-separates Communist East from Democratic West
Berlin Airlift-Allies flew in supplies
**Containment**-New U.S. foreign policy
Eisenhower Doctrine-defend the Middle East (Israel created)Truman Doctrine-stop spread of communism
Korean War, Geneva Accords
Bay of Pigs, CIA in Cubato overthrow Fidel CastroCuban Missile Crisis
U-2 Incident-American spy plane shot down over Soviet Union
Competency Goal 11:Recovery, Prosperity, and Turmoil (1945-1980) –The learner will trace economic, political, and social developments and assess their significance for the lives of Americans during this time period.
Cold War/Foreign Policy
Red Scare-fear of communism/nuclear war.Joseph McCarthy-cartoons
House on Un-AmericanActivities Committee-Hollywood Blacklist
Alger Hiss, Julius and Ethel RosenbergArms reduction: Détente, S.A.L.T. I and II
SputnikNASABomb shelters, arms race
Eisenhower warns about “military industrial complex”
Civil Rights Movement
Montgomery bus boycotts-Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, Jr.-civil disobedience, March on Washington
New ideas: Malcolm X, Black Panthers, Black Power MovementSNCC
Events:Little RockCrisis(Eisenhower), George Wallace, southern governors
Brown v Board of Education, 1954, Thurgood MarshallCesar Chavez-Equality for Hispanics
Womens Rights-National Organization for Women, Betty Friedan-The Feminine Mystique
Legislation/Court Cases
The National Highway Act-Eisenhower built interstates
Roe v. Wade, 1973Civil Rights Act of 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965
Environmental Protection Agency-clean up Environment24th amendment26th Amendment
Vietnam War
Tet OffensiveRobert McNamaraCambodia/Laos-Nixon orders invasion
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution-allowed Pres. to make war. War Powers Act 1973 reversed this.
Ho Chi MinhVietcongAgent Orange, Napalm-defoliants
Anti-war movement-TV reports, Kent State-student protestors killed, My Lai massacre
Politics
Johnson-Great Society, War on PovertyKennedy-New Frontier,Warren Commission investigated
HUDHead StartMedicarePeace Corps, Alliance for Progress
1960 Election-TV debatesNixon-WatergateDemocratic National Convention 1968
Competency Goal 12:The United States since the Vietnam War (1973-present) – The learner will identify and analyze trends in domestic and foreign affairs of the United States during this time period.
Middle East/Terrorism
PLOIran-Shah, Ayatollah Khomeini, hostage crisis
Anwar el-Sadat (Egypt), Menachem Begin(Israel)-Camp David Accords
Iraq-PersianGulf, Desert Storm, Saddam HusseinIran-Contra Affair
World Trade Center-September 11, 2001, Al-Quaeda, Osama bin Laden, Taliban Regime-Afghanistan
Department of Homeland Security created, Airport security
Communism
Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars)-ReaganMikhail GorbachevNATO in Bosnia and Kosovo
Fall of the Berlin WallTiananmen Square-China
Politics
Americans with Disabilities ActTexas v. JohnsonSwan v Charlotte Mecklenburg
Title IXNo Child Left BehindPatriot Act
Three Mile IslandEnergy Crisis-Department of Energy created
Jimmy Carter-“the Outsider”, human rightsRonald Reagan-conservatism, Moral Majority
Women-Sandra Day O’Connor, Geraldine FerraroElection of 2000-Bush/Gore
Trends-older Americans, immigration reform, Amnesty, green cardBill Clinton-impeachment
New NativismAffirmative actionRegents of UC v Bakke 1978
Brady Bill27th amendment Earl Warren’s Court-conservative
Economics
Stagflation-1970’sReaganomics, supply-side economics, “trickle down” theoryNAFTA-1990’s
National debt-growingDependence on foreign oil