3 August 2012 [minor amendments 13 May 2016]
LATER INTRODUCTION OF 'PRECURSOR NAMES' SEEN ON SELECTED EARLY WORKS
Source / Extent / Starts / Ends / OmitsA. Liber de existencia riveriarum et forma maris nostri Mediterranei (selective) / Gautier Dalché (1995) pp.111-70 / Spain-Morocco / Lisbon (234) / nife (1815) / Black Sea
B. Compasso da navigare / Motzo (1947) pp.3-78 / Spain-Morocco / c.s.vicenzo (247) / Saffi (1829)
C. Carte Pisane / Pujades C 1 / France-Morocco / Dunkirk (4) / Azamor (1819) / Black Sea (most lost)
D. Cortona Chart / Pujades C 2 / France-Algeria / Sète (409) / Algiers (1737) / most of France & Spain trimmed off (6-408)
A. General Table
B. Summary
C. Shared names on the four source documents
D. Early portolano names NOT picked up by the Carte Pisane and Cortona chart
A. General table of the 'Later introduction of precursor names seen on selected early works'
Note that the 1,200 names in the Liber were checked, via the index to Gautier Dalché (1995),only for the names already in the following list. No attempt was
made to match up the Libernames to the entire 'Table of Significant Names'. The 'Compasso' names come via Motzo (1947), and the comparative Carte Pisane
and Cortona chart names (i.e. starting at cauo de setta = Sète) via Armignacco (1957)
This is an extract from the 'Table of Significant Names':
For explanation about the contents of each column and the sources used see:
Sorting. The default sort is by the year of first appearance on a dated chart, i.e. sort on'Date' (select the 'text' option), then 'Geog. sort'.
Sort on Column 1 to return to the full original Geographical sequence (i.e. from France clockwise round to Morocco)
For commentary on this table see 'Innovative Names (essay)':
For the wider context see: and the homepage:
Geog.sort / Puj-
ades
No. / Modern / Old / Kret / Date / Chart-
maker / Liber de existencia... / Compasso da navigare / Carte Pisane / Cortona chart / F
P / Comment
275 / Salmedina / elmedina/symendina / 579 / 1327 / Vesconte / / / -- / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; intermittent; in sea on 1327 Vesconte & 1468 Benincasa
279 / 998 / Cadis / CADIS / 580 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / -- / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & (?) Carte Pisane; often placed in sea on later charts
282 / 996 / Ensenada de Valdevaqueros / [torre de] vacar / 580 / 1325 / Vesconte / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'; also on the c.1325 Vesconte; distinguish from the second instance of tore de vacar (east of Algecira)
289 / 989 / Fuengirola / fengerola / 581 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / -- / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
304 / 979 / Casteldeferro / comin / 582 / 1330 / Dalorto / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'; former Cambriles tower? Benincasa has cauo de fero here
305 / 978 / Cautor / captor / 582 / 1318 / Vesconte / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'; tower
318 / zz / fratres / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / -- / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; irregular, cf. fraide 1424; also isolated 1492 Aguiar
320 / 970 / La Mesa de Roldán / mensa / 583 / 1327 / Vesconte / / / / -- / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; Vesconte reading uncertain but likely
331 / Portman / porto magno / 584 / 1421 / Cesanis / / / / -- / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; irregular; not checked thoroughly
338 / 957 / R.Segura / [f. de] segura / 584 / 1339 / Dulceti / / -- / P / oriola (?) on Carte Pisane; 14th - Cat. only
391 / 922 / Palamos / palamos/pesamar / 588 / 1325 / Vesconte / / / -- / P / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
396 / 917 / Cadaques / cadaques / 588 / 1385 / Soler / / / / -- / P / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; irregular
400 / 915 / Portvendres / portvenre / 589 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / -- / P / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & 'Lo compasso'
402 / Canet de Rosselló / canet / 589 / 1403 / Becc. (F) / / -- / + Carte Pisane; intermittent
412 / 905 / Llates / lacte/lates / 590 / 1339 / Dulceti / / / + Carte Pisane & Cortona, then regular from 2nd half 15th
426 / 897 / I. Pomègues/Port Miou ? / portnull/pormin / 591 / 1330 / Dalorto / / pomege form used on 'Lo compasso'
438 / C. Lardier / capo de lardiero / 592 / 1426 / Becc. (B) / / ‘Lo compasso’, then big gap; not on F.Beccari copy in Cornaro Atlas
440 / St Tropez / s.trop[]/targe/nipe/
urpe / -- / 1563 / Prunes / / + 'Lo compasso'; the recognisable name noted only on Prunes (already in red); the town is named after St Torpes
442 / 887 / Fréjus / FREZUR / FRAUR / 592 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona; Vesconte has [gulfo d'] fruur from 1318
444 / Cap Roux / c. rossi / -- / 1512 / Maggiolo / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' (caput rubeum); regular (?) 17th
451 / 883 / Antibes / ANTIVERI / 592 / 1375 / Catalan Atlas / / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona, then the Catalan Atlas (already in red)
458 / zz / san suspir/spixo / -- / 1435* / Becc. (B) / / + 'Lo compasso' (?), then large gap, but on F.Beccari copy in Cornaro Atlas; 1426 B.Beccari illegible
468 / 873 / Finale Ligure / finar / 594 / 1321 / Vesconte / / / + Carte Pisane & Cortona
480 / 864 / C. di Faro / cap de faro / 594 / 1327 / Vesconte / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso'; Vesconte reading uncertain but likely; also on large-scale Maggiolo (1567); rare 1st half 16th (Freducci & Agnese only?)
487 / Chiavari / [ch]iavari / 595 / 1403 / Becc. (F) / / / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; then intermittent
519 / 840 / Porro S. Stefano / s.stefano / 597 / 1339+ / Dulceti / / / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
531 / Rome (beach) / splaza romana / plagia / 598 / 1373 / Pizzigano / / + 'Lo compasso'
543 / 822 / Castel Volturno / castellamar / 599 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
553 / 817 / Sorenti / SORENTI / 599 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', Carte Pisane & Cortona
593 / 792 / Gioia Tauro / gioia / 601 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
597 / 791 / C.Pezzo / cao de volpe / 601 / 1325 / Vesconte / / + 'Lo compasso'
602 / 788 / Pellaro / pellari/pelona / 617 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane, Dalorto, then intermittent; seen on 1630; not noted between 1553 & 1630
606 / 784 / Gerace / girazo / 617 / 1339+ / Dulceti / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', Carte Pisane & Cortona. In red on 1st appearance; also 1630
608 / 782 / Squillace / squilace / 618 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
610 / [C.Rizzuto] / c.bianco / 618 / 1587 / Oliva / / / on Carte Pisane & Cortona + 1490 Rizo portolano; intermittent in 17th; C.Bianco is now a suburb of C.Rizzuto; c.rasoto noted only on 1602 Oliva
617 / Trebisacce / trebisace / 618 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / + 'Lo compasso' & Cortona
628 / 771 / C. S. Maria di Leuca / c.sancta maria } / -- / 1512 / Maggiolo / / + Lo compasso', then 1512 - in between it was named c. de leque; usual to mid-17th
630 / Castro / castro/trasto/cristo / 619 / 1325 / Vesconte / / = castle? castelle on 'Lo compasso'
651 / Molfetta / malfeta / 620 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / F / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
652 / Bisceglie / biseglia / 620 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / F / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; intermittent
656 / 757 / Lido di Siponto / Zapponeta? / sipanto / 620 / 1321 / Vesconte / / / / / F / +'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
699 / Montesanto / monte santo / 622 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / F / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; confusion with lo monte next to Ancona?
712 / 732 / Fiume Foglia / fogara / 623 / 1318 / Vesconte / / F, P / + 'Lo compasso'; usual Cat.; intermittent Ital.; revived by Freducci & Sideri
764 / Muggia / mugla / 625 / 1409 / Virga / / / F, P / Carte Pisane, Cortona, then 1409; Cat.: Roselli only
769 / Umago (Umag) / umago / 626 / 1367 / Pizzigano / / / F, P / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & Cortona; Cat.: Roselli only; not on the 'normal' chart of the 2-chart 1606 Volcio; otherwise last noted on 1593 Volcio
776 / I. di San Giovanni in Pelago (Sveti Ivan) / san joane / 626 / 1321 / Vesconte / / irregular; Carte Pisane, 1321, then 1421; Cat. 1447+ only
777 / I. Brioni (Brijuni) / bilfoni / -- / 1325 / Vesconte / / / -- P / + Carte Pisane, Cortona; Vesconte shown off coast; usual Ital. 1373+; Cat. 1447+ only
778 / I. Due Sorelli (Drije Sestrice) / seria/soror / -- / 1426 / Ziroldi / / / F, P / + Carte Pisane, Cortona, then irreg. Ital; Cat.: Roselli only (to 1462)
782 / 702 / Capo Promontore (Rt. Kamenjac / promontore / 626 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / / -- / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; shown off coast on Vesconte; intermittent; noted in 16th & 17th only in 1593
800 / 694 / I di Arbe (Rab) / illadalbe / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / F, P / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; off coast on Vesconte
801 / 693 / Isola di Pago (Pag) / pago / -- / 1325 / Vesconte / / / F, P / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; off coast on Vesconte
804 / Nona (Nin) / NONA } / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / F, P / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', Carte Pisane & Cortona
819 / Rogoznica? / porto cavaler / 628 / 1325 / Vesconte / / F, P / Ital: Carte Pisane, c.1325 Vesconte (much misplaced), 1367+; Cat. 1447+ only
822 / I. di S. Michele Arcangelo (Arkangjel) / sco arcangelo/
arcazelo / -- / 1325 / Vesconte / / / F, P / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & Cortona, then Ital. only. On Pelechan 1459
829 / I.di Brazza (Brac) / la brasa / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / F, P / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; off coast on Vesconte
830 / Hvar? / la fara / 628 / 1313 / Vesconte / / F, P / Ital.: Cortona; off coast on Vesconte Cat. 1447+ only; Falch. lists it under la saca, found on 1426 Ziroldi
842 / R.Ombla / onbla/ambra / 628 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / F / + Carte Pisane & Cortona; intermittent [not checked carefully]
851 / Traste / trasti / 629 / 1321 / Vesconte / / / F / [Carte Pisane?], Cortona
856 / 668 / Dolcigno (Ulcinj) / DULCIGNO / 629 / 1321 / Vesconte / / / / / F / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
890 / P.Livitatsa? / [la]lista/lustra / 630 / 1321 / Vesconte / / F / + Carte Pisane & Cortona
891 / P. Gumenitsa / goeniza / 630 / 1426 / Ziroldi / / / F / + Carte Pisane, Cortona & Lib. of Congress; then noted from 1426 Ziroldi; regular thereafter [not checked carefully]
925 / 643 / Patra / PATRAS / 634 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & Carte Pisane
926 / C.Papas/Kalogria / trapano / 634 / 1367 / Pizzigano / / + 'Lo Compasso'. Venetian only?
949 / 632 / Mani / maina / 635 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
954 / 628 / Elafonisos? / naxipo/naxa / -- / 1330 / Dalorto / / + Cortona chart
957 / 627/6 / Akras Maleas? / [malea] s.angelo / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
960 / P.Bathy / bote / 636 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / + 'Lo compasso' & Cortona; only seen in 16th/17th on 1593 Volcio
975 / 614 / Porto Leone (Piraeus) / p.lion / 636 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
980 / Marathona / maratona / 637 / 1373 / Pizzigano / / / + Cortona; possibly also on 1367 Pizzigano; Venetian only
983 / 615 / Athens / setim/setines / -- / 1313 / Vesconte / / / cap de atene on Cortona;= athene; irregular. Kret. conflates with (No.311) saline
985 / zz / ponta / -- / 1403 / Becc. (F) / / + Cortona (assuming this intended); linked with tore (No.313)?
999 / Porto Nea Mizéla / p./g.larmiro / 637 / 1313 / Vesconte / / 'Lo compasso' has capo de la golfo de l'armiro; Vesconte introduces p[orto]; by mid-15th it is g[olfo]; though Agnese reverts to 'p.'
1028 / 583 / Kolpos Orfanou / g.de contessa/
comitera / 638 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / + 'Lo compasso' & Cortona
1047 / 572 / Enez / ENEO / 639 / 1313 / Vesconte / / + 'Lo compasso'
1050 / 571 / Saros Adalar / cesaria / 639 / 1313 / Vesconte / / + Cortona
1056 / zz / malido / -- / 1461 / Ben'casa / / = malato on 'Lo compasso'?; replacement for l'avidoa?; Benincasa and his successors, Freducci & Sideri only?
1095 / 543 / Capul Shabla / laxilucio / 641 / 1313 / Vesconte / -- / -- / / + Cortona
1104 / 537 / zz / laspera / 642 / 1339 / Dulceti / -- / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'; off coast on 1313 Vesconte & 1330 Dalorto
1105 / 536 / Dunay-Bratul Sintul
Gheorghe / s.giorgi / 642 / 1339 / Dulceti / -- / / -- / / + 'Lo compasso' & Cortona; off coast on 1313 Vesconte & 1330 Dalorto
1106 / 535 / Dunay-Bratul Sulina / solina / 642 / 1339 / Dulceti / -- / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'; off coast on 1313 Vesconte & 1330 Dalorto
1147 / zz / fanar / -- / 1313 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / / + 'Lo compasso' & Cortona; Ital. only? Off the coast on Benincasa
1176 / 496 / Goreloye / s.zorzo / 645 / 1318 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'
1246 / 445 / Atina (Pazar) / sentina / 647 / 1313 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / / + 'Lo Compasso'; civitate zodina on Cortona
1258 / 437 / Zeytün burnu / s.vigeni / 648 / 1330 / Dalorto / -- / / -- / + 'Lo compasso'
1325 / zz / [NI]COMIDIA / -- / 1318 / Vesconte / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & Carte Pisane; also neangome?
1326 / 388 / Gölcük burnu / [p.] cristo / 651 / 1321 / Vesconte / / + Cortona
1348 / 375 / Erdek körfezi / g.de spiga / 651 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
1381 / 353 / Foggia Nova / FOYA / 653 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & Carte Pisane
1388 / 347 / Sarpdere limani (Port Sikia) / p.soxero / 654 / 1339 / Dulceti / / p.de sosanto (Carte Pisane)
1389 / 346 / Teke burnu / lacolica / 654 / 1313 / Vesconte / / + Carte Pisane
1392 / 344 / Kusadasi [Ephesos] / ALTOLOGO / 654 / 1375 / Catalan Atlas / / cf Carte Pisane g.de lacolongo; in red on Catalan Atlas
1401 / Kavabaghlar Sound / cavali / 654 / 1313 / Vesconte / / + Cortona; irregular; possibly on 1446 Ziroldi & 1470 Nicolo
1409 / 332 / Datça / statea / 664 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
1426 / 321 / Fethiye Körfezi / g.de macri / 665 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & 'Lo compasso'
1430 / Patara / patera / 666 / 1321 / Vesconte / / / +'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & 'Lo compasso'; can be placed east of vii caui or even east of castel rugo
1434 / Kava Boghas / corente / 666 / 1367 / Pizzigano / / / + Cortona; irregular; island, often shown off coast; Ital. only? +1456 Roselli
1443 / 312 / Karaboza adasi / quir pastor / 667 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / + Carte Pisane & Cortona
1482 / 278 / Iskenderun (Alexandretta) / alexandreta / 670 / 1313 / Vesconte / / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
1496 / Jabala / zibelle/gibele / 670 / 1421 / Cesanis / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum' & gibeleto (Cortona); Ital. only; Genoese post; irregular; = gimbillo on 1552 Sideri? cf 1510 below
1520 / zz / caifaco / -- / 1403 / Becc. (F) / / / / / + 'Liber de existencia riveriarum', 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane; noted inland on Cortona
1558 / zz / porto vechio/ p.ueio / -- / 1403 / Becc. (F) / / + 'Lo Compasso'; next 1403, then Vallseca 1447, Benincasa 1461; usual later
1589 / 206 / Jazīrat al-Barda‘a / scoi de barda } / 675 / 1330 / Dalorto / / + Cortona
1634 / zz / ZEDICHO / -- / 1321* / Vesconte / / + 'Lo compasso'; possibly on 1318 Vesconte (Venice); intermittent
1654 / 156 / zz / casar ullo / 677 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / cf 'Lo compasso's casa telli, Carte Pisane's palmize de uullo & Cortona's ullula
1680 / 136 / zz / MAOMETA / 678 / 1318 / Vesconte / / + 'Lo compasso'
1702 / 121 / zz / g.de bona / 680 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / / 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona have c.de bona; not carefully checked but standard from mid-15th
1726 / zz / i. de pisani / 681 / 1318 / Vesconte / / / / + 'Lo compasso', Carte Pisane & Cortona
1799 / 46 / Marsà Mūsà / marsamusa / 684 / 1330 / Dalorto / / / -- / + 'Lo Compasso' & Carte Pisane
1804 / zz / tusimisi / 684 / 1330 / Dalorto / -- / / / -- / + 'Lo compasso' & Carte Pisane
1820 / 32 / zz / magacan / 684 / 1318 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / -- / + 'Lo compasso'
1828 / 28 / zz / c.cantin / 684 / 1318 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / -- / + 'Lo compasso'
1829 / 27 / zz / SAFFI / 684 / 1318 / Vesconte / -- / / -- / -- / + 'Lo compasso'
2000 / TOTALS / 1900 / 29 / 72 / 60 / 53
NB Summary table follows
B. Summary Table to the 'Later introduction of precursor names seen on selected early works'
|| Number of names found on the sources ||
Dates / Chart-maker(s) / Liber de existencia ... / Compasso da navigare / Carte
Pisane / Cortona
chart / Total number of earlier names introduced on charts in 1313 or later / Total number of 'Significantnames'
involved / Percentage repeated from
the fourearlier sources
1313-18 / Vesconte / 13 / 29 / 22 / 19 / 42 / 113 / 37 %
1321-27 / Vesconte / 6 / 11 / 11 / 9 / 20 / 82 / 24
1330-39+ / Dalorto/Dulceti / 3 / 17 / 16 / 13 / 25 / 138 / 18
1367-73 / Pizzigani / 1 / 4 / --- / 3 / 5 / 56 / 9
1375-85 / Catalan Atlas & Soler / 2 / 2 / 3 / 1 / 3 / 24 / 12
1403 / Beccari / 1 / 2 / 3 / 3 / 5 / 80 / 6
1409-69 / various (1) / 2 / 4 / 5 / 4 / 8 / 152 / 5
later, to 1600 / various (2) / 1 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 4 / 126 / 3
TOTALS / 29 / 71 / 61 / 53 / 112 / 771 / 14
1. 1409 Virga, 1421 Cesanis (2), 1426 B. Beccari, 1426 Ziroldi (2), 1435 Beccari, 1461 Benincasa. Two names immediately west of Alexandria - favilliom
and p. vecchio - appear on Lo compasso but were not otherwise noted until the 1467 Benincasa atlas. [It is possible that intermediate instances were missed.]
2. 1512 Maggiolo, 1563 Prunes, 1587 Oliva (on the Carte Pisane and Cortona chart; only otherwise noted on the printed Rizo portolano of 1490)
C. Shared names on the four source documents
Liber de existencia ... / Compasso da navigare / Carte Pisane / Cortona chartTotal precursor names / 29 / 71 / 61 / 53
Shared Names:
Liber de existencia ... / --- / 20 / 20 / 13
Compasso da navigare / 20 / --- / 33 / 23
Carte Pisane / 20 / 33 / --- / 32
Cortona chart / 13 / 23 / 32 / ---
D. Early portolano names NOT picked up by the Carte Pisane and Cortona chart
Carte Pisane(singly) / Cortona chart
(singly) / BOTHCarte Pisane & Cortona chart
Liber de existencia ... [29 names] / 4 / 11 / 5
Compasso da navigare [71 names] / 9 / 19 / 29
But note the dashes (--) in Table A indicating areas not covered