Pest Management Plan

Date

CEPF Grant xxxxx

Grantee

Project Title

Project Location

Pest Management Plan

Objective

The pest management plan (PMP) will describe CEPF requirements to ensure the use of best practice in the control and removal of alien and invasive plants, insects, and animals in compliance with World Bank Safeguards. This is included in the CEPF Operational Manual.

The objective of these guidelines is to avoid, minimize, or mitigate potentially adverse effects of the application of pesticides, insecticides, and herbicides (herewith referred to in the unitary as “pesticides”) in efforts to restore natural habitats.

This document describes the requirements and planning procedures for applicants/grantees in the preparation and implementation of alien and invasive species (AIS) control projects funded by CEPF, as well as the role of CEPF in ensuring compliance with these guidelines.

The spread of alien and invasive plants and animals is the second greatest cause of biodiversity loss after habitat destruction. In the context of CEPF, many of the KBAs and corridors targeted for investment suffer from, in particular, non-native plants which have opportunistically taken over natural landscapes, and from non-native animals that upset island ecosystems. Many Ecosystem Profiles specifically include the control and removal of such alien and invasive species as an investment priority. The control of alien and invasive species in KBAs and corridors is not an exception, but a standard part of CEPF operations in some hotspots, and as such, applicable guidelines must be followed.

Situations where these guidelines apply include grants which:

  • Pay for the direct purchase or expenses related to the manufacture, acquisition, transport, application, storage, or disposal of pesticides, including the costs of materials, equipment, and labor.
  • Pay for the direct purchase or expenses related to the control or removal of animals by chemical means.
  • Pay for the planning, management, or supervision of work which involves the general use of pesticides or animal control as described in the two points above.

Examples of the types of grants to which these guidelines apply include, but are not limited to:

  • A grant that involves the employ of labor and application of herbicide to restore a degraded landscape and allow endemic vegetation and animals to return.
  • A grant that involves the supervision of teams conducting AIS control by chemical means, where those teams are operating with funding from a host country government or other donor.
  • A grant that involves the eradication by chemical means of non-native rats, cats, reptiles (e.g., Brown Tree Snake), birds (e.g., Common Myna), and invertebrates (e.g., Golden Apple Snail) from an island or isolated natural habitat.

These guidelines do not apply to the physical removal of alien and invasive plant and animals through physical means as part of the restoration of degraded habitat or the maintenance of KBAs and corridors.

A single set of guidelines cannot anticipate every scenario under which a grantee will propose to remove alien and invasive species. The conditions of the habitat, the type of species, the method of control, the capacity of the organization, the latest knowledge of environmental impacts, and even the definitions of “best practice” will change over time. Thus, these guidelines establish a process that grantees must follow, rather than a specific set of AIS control measures.

Components of the PMP

Any CEPF project that proposes to use a pesticide must prepare a pest management plan with six sections, outlined below. These projects should benefit from the accumulated knowledge on the use of pesticides in invasive eradication, including those that are available at:

  • The IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group ( /index.html), which provides dozens of resources, including the Global Invasive Species Information Network List of Invasive Alien Species Online Information Systems (
  • For Polynesia-Micronesia Hotspot, the Pacific Invasives Initiative Resource Kit for Rodent and Cat Eradication ( which contains multiple templates and guidelines on animal control in the region.
  • For Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany Hotspot, in particular in South Africa, the Expanded Public Works Programme Working for Water, managed by the Department of Water Affairs ( including the Position Paper on Biocontrol ( the Project Operating Standards ( and the treatment tables for aquatic and terrestrial invasives, available at the same website.
  • The World Health Organization’s Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, updated every two years (

The pest management plan consists of six sections comprising 35 questions.

Grant Summary

  1. Grantee organization.
  2. Grant title.
  3. Grant number.
  4. Grant amount (US dollars).
  5. Proposed dates of grant.
  6. Countries or territories where pesticides will be applied.
  7. Full name, title, telephone numbers, and electronic mail address of Grantee personnel responsible for the pest management plan.
  8. Summary of the project.
  9. Date of preparation of the pest management plan.

Pest Management Approach: This section should describe the applicant’s understanding of the problem, their experience with pest management issues, and their proposed actions during the project. Specifically, what do you intend to do and how will you do it? The information presented should include methods of application, e.g. by hand or via aerial spraying.

  1. Current and anticipated pest problems relevant to the project.
  2. Current and proposed pest management practices.
  3. Relevant integrated pest management experience within the project area, country or region.
  4. Assessment of proposed or current pest management approach and recommendations for adjustment where necessary.

Pesticide Selection and Use: This section aims to get a comprehensive understanding of the pesticide that will be selected, why it was selected and what efforts were made to assess risk. Note that in this section the applicant will also be required to present information on the potential risk that the selected pesticide will have on non-target species.

  1. Description of present, proposed and/or envisaged pesticide use and assessment of whether such use is in line with best management practices.
  2. Indication of type and quantity of pesticides envisaged to be financed by the project (in volume and dollar value) and/or assessment of increase in pesticide use resulting from the project.
  3. Chemical, trade, and common name of pesticide to be used.
  4. Form in which pesticide will be used (e.g., pellet, spray).
  5. Specific geographic description of where the pesticide will be applied: name of province, district, municipality, land owners, or map coordinates (if available); and the total area (hectares) to which the pesticide will be applied.
  6. Assessment of environmental, occupational and public health risks associated with the transport, storage, handling and use of the proposed products under local circumstances, and the disposal of empty containers.
  7. Description of plans and results for tracking of damage to and/or deaths of non-target species prior to pesticide application and subsequent to pesticide application.
  8. Pre-requisites and/or measures required to reduce specific risks associated with envisaged pesticide use under the project (e.g., protective gear, training, upgrading of storage facilities, etc.).
  9. Basis of selection of pesticides authorized for procurement under the project, taking into consideration WHO and World Bank standards, the above hazards and risks, and availability of newer and less hazardous products and techniques (e.g. bio-pesticides, traps).
  10. Name and address of source of selected pesticides.
  11. Name and address of vendor of selected pesticides.
  12. Name and address of facility where pesticides will be stored.

Policy, Regulatory Framework, and Institutional Capacity: This section aims to understand the institutional and legal framework under which the pesticide will be applied, with reference to the documentation and standards required under local and national law and international good practice. Where the particular pesticide is not regulated at the target site, the proponent must identify similar pesticides and the applicable regulation, international laws in neighboring countries that could apply, and international good practice. The proponent must also explain why this particular pesticide is necessary even in the absence of national laws.

  1. Policies on plant/animal protection, integrated pest management, and humane treatment of animals.
  2. Description and assessment of national capacity to develop and implement ecologically-based AIS control.
  3. Description and assessment of the country's regulatory framework and institutional capacity for control of the distribution and use of pesticides.
  4. Proposed project activities to train personnel and strengthen capacity (list # of people and what they are being trained in).
  5. Confirmation that the appropriate authorities were approached (who and when) and that the appropriate licenses and permissions were obtained by the project.

Consultation: This section aims to outline the range of informed consultations that the grantee has had both with experts to optimize the potential for success, and with stakeholders, particularly local communities, who are potentially affected (by proximity, by the use of certain areas for free-ranging livestock or non-timber forest product collection, etc.) by the use of pesticides.

  1. Plans for, dates, and results of expert consultations, if necessary.
  2. Plans for, dates, and results of consultations with local communities.

Monitoring and Evaluation: This section aims to outline what steps the proponent will take to monitor and evaluate the purchase, storage, application and effects of the pesticide in the target area.

  1. Description of activities related to pest management that require monitoring during implementation.
  2. Monitoring and supervision plan, implementation responsibilities, required expertise and cost coverage.

Grievance mechanism:All projects that trigger a safeguard are required to provide local communities and other interested stakeholders with means by which they may raise a grievance with the grantee, the relevant Regional Implementation Team, the CEPF Secretariat or the World Bank. Affected local communities should be informed of the objectives of the grant and the existence of a grievance mechanism. Contact information of the grantee, the Regional Implementation Team and the CEPF Grant Director should be made publicly available, through posters, signboards, public notices or other appropriate means in local language(s). Grievances raised with the grantee should be communicated to the Regional Implementation Team and the CEPF Grant Director within 15 days, together with a proposed response. If the claimant is still not satisfied following the response, the grievance may be submitted directly to the CEPF Executive Director via the dedicated email account () or by mail. If the claimant is not satisfied with the response from the CEPF Secretariat, the grievance may be submitted to the World Bank at the local World Bank office.

  1. Please describe the grievance mechanism that you will use for your project, and how you will ensure that stakeholders are aware of it.

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