Accepted by Department Council
MadebyAssoc. Prof. Y. Koeva, MD, PhD
SYLLABUS
Lectures and laboratory seminars in Cytology, Histology and Embryology І course, medical students,winter semester2012/2013
Weeks / Laboratory seminars - 3 h.
Prof. P. Atanassova, Ass. Prof. Y. Koeva, , Dr. A. Fusova, Dr. F. Popova / Lectures - 2 h
Ass. Prof. Y. Koeva
Іweek
17.09 - 21.09.2012
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ІІ week
24–28.09. 2012 / Cytoplasma. Cell inclusions
Microscopical preparations:
1.Lipid drops
2.Glycogengranules inhepatic cells
3.Pigment inclusions
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Cell membrane
  2. Microvilli
  3. Desmosomes
  4. Interdigitations
  5. Protein granules
  6. Lipid drops
  7. Glycogen granules
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Cytoplasm. Cell organelles.Microscopical preparations:
  1. Nissl substance (granules)
  2. Mitochondria
  3. SDH - activity
  4. Golgi complex
Еlectron microphotographs:
1.Rough endoplasmatic reticulum
2.Smooth endoplasmatic reticulum
3.Ribosomes
4.Мitochondria
5.Golgi complex
6.Centrosome / The cell
Cell – morphology.
Cell membrane(plasmalema)
Cytoplasm, cytosol
Cytoplasm.
  1. Cytoskeleton
  2. Specialized cell organelles
Cellinclusions
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Cell orgenelles
Generalorganelles- structural, ultrastructuralandfunctionalcharacteristics.
1.Еndoplasmatic reticulum
2.Мitochondria
3.Golgi complex
4.Lysosomes
ІІІweek
01– 05.10.2012 / Nucleus in interphase. Mitosis.
Microscopical preparations:
1.Nucleus in interphase
1.1H-E staining
1.2Foilgen staining
1.3DNA synthesis (histoautoradiography)
2.Mitosis in cells of pea radix
Еlectron microphotographs:
1. Interphase nucleus / Nucleus in interphase and mitosis.
1. Interphasenucleus - structural, ultrastructuralandfunctionalcharacteristics.
2.Mitosis – phases
ІV week
08.10- 12.10.2012 / Cytophysiology
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Phagocytosis
  2. Acid phosphatase activity
  3. Secretion (secretory granulea)
  4. Mooving of cillia – demonstration
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Cilia
1.1 Longitudinal section
1.2. Transverse section
  1. Secretory granules
/ Cytophysiology
1.Phagocytosis
2.Acid phosphatase activity
3.Secretion
4.Mooving of cilia
V week
15 - 19.10.2012 / Epithelia. Unilayered epithelia
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Simple squamous epithelium
  2. Н-Е staining
  3. Impregnation
  4. Cuboidalepithelium
  5. Columnarepithelium
  6. Unilayered (pseudostratified) ciliatedcolumnarepithelium
5. Henle’s epithelium / Tissues – classification,properties
Epithelia.
Unilayered epithelia
Multistratified epithelia
  1. Histogenesis
  2. General characteristics
  3. Classification

VІweek
22- 26.10.2012 / Colloquium
(preliminary examination)
1. Practicalpart–
5 microscopical preparations
5 -electron microphotographs20 points
2.Тheoretical part– test
40 points
60 pointstotal
Discharge: 70% /14 p.+ 28 p./ / Connective tissue.
  1. Histogenesis
  2. General characteristics
  3. Classification
  4. Cells.
  5. Intercellular substance
  6. Fibrous connective tissue

VІІ week
29.10– 02.11.2012 / Epithelia.
Multistratifiedepithelia. Secretory epithelia.
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium
  3. Secretoryepithelia
3.1.Simple tubular glands
3.2.Serous, mucous and compound alveolar (acinar) glands / Connective tissue with solid intercellular substance.
1. Cartilage
2. The bone tissue
VІІІweek
05.11–09.11.2012 / Fibrous connective tissue
Microscopical preparations:
1.Loose connective tissue
2.Collagenousfibroustissue
3.Ellastic tissue
4.Pigment connective tissue
5.Adipose tissue – white and brown
a)Sudan III staining
b)H-E staining
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Fibroblast
  2. Mast cell
  3. Plasma cell
  4. Collagenfibers
5. Multilocular adipocyte / Blood tissue.
  1. Histogenesis
  2. General characteristics
  3. Classification
  4. Cells
4.1.Еrythrocytes
4.2.Leucocytes
4.3.Platelets
ІХweek
12 - 16.11.2012 / Connective tissue with solid intercellular substance.
1. Cartilage
2. The bone tissue
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Hyalinecartilage
  2. Elastic cartilage
  3. Compact bone – decalcinated
  4. Compact bone – Shliff
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Оsteocyte
2. Оsteoclast / Мuscle tissue.
1.Histogenesis
2.General characteristics
3.Classification
4. Cells
5. Myofibers, myofibrils
X week
19-23.11.2012 / Blood tissue.
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Blood smear - preparation
  2. Blood smear - examination
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Neotrophil granulocyte
  2. Еоsinophil granulocyte
  3. Lymphocyte
Test – 30 p. and preparations –10 p./8+2/ on Epithelial and Connective tissues.
Total score – 40 p. / Nerve tissue.
1.Histogenesis
2.General characteristics
3.Classification
4.Cells – neurons, neuroglia
5. Nerve fibers
6. Myoneural synapse
ХIweek
26 – 30.11.2012 / Мuscle tissue.
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Smooth (visceral) muscle tissue
  2. StriatedSkeletalmuscletissue
  3. StriatedCardiac muscletissue
  4. Impulseconductivecardiac muscletissue
Еlectron microphotographs:
  1. Myofibril – skeletal
  2. Cardiomyocyte – myofibril
/ Reproductive tissue 1.Histogenesis
2.General characteristics
3.Classification
4.Cells
4.1. Oocytes
4.2. Spermatozoa
ХІIweek
03 -07.12.2012 / Nerve tissue.
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Мultipolar neurons
  2. Pear-like neurons
  3. Pyramidal neurons
4. Myelinatednervefibers
Еlectronmicrophotographs:
  1. Myelinatednervefiber
2. Myoneural synapse / Earlyhuman embryonaldevelopment.
Fertilization
Clivage
Blastocyst
Implantation
Gastrulation
Primitive organs
ХІІI week
10 - 14.12.
2012 / Reproductive tissue.
General embryology. Gastrulation.
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Oocyte
  2. Spermatozoa
  3. Early gastrulation
  4. Late grastrulation
Еlectronmicrophotographs:
  1. Oocyte
  2. Spermatozoon
Теst40 p. and preparations -10 p./6+4/ onblood, muscleandnervetissues
Totalscore- 50 p. / Extra-embryonic layers
  1. Chorion, amnion, yolksack, alantoic diverticulum
  2. Umbilical cord
  3. Fetal sack
  4. Placenta

ХІVweek
17- 21.12.2012 / Extra-embryonic layers
Microscopical preparations:
  1. Umbilical cord of 2-3 month old human embryo
  2. Umbilical cord of newborn baby
  3. Placenta
4. Fetal sack / Twins
Anomalies in the human embryonal development

1.Colloquium in Cytology – 60 points

2.Test on epithelial and connective tissues – 40 points

3. Testonblood, muscle and nerve tissues – 50 points

Total score points for the semester – 150

Exellent 6,00 –more than 90%more than 135p.

Very good 5,00 - 80%120-134p.

Good 4,00 - 70%105-119p.

Satisfactiry 3,00 - 60%90-104p.

Poor - less than 90points

Textbooks

  1. Basic Histology. I.C. Janqueira
  2. Textbook of Human Histology, I. Singh
  3. Human embryology , Inderbir Singh, Sixth edition
  4. Clinical and Functional Histology for Medical Students, Richard S. Snell
  5. Practicum of Cytology, Histology and Embryology with CD , P. Atanassova, Y. Koeva, E. Petrova, N. Penkova, V. Trichkova
  6. Handbook in cytology, histology and embryology. Assoc. Prof. Yvetta Koeva.

MadebyAssoc. Prof. Y. Koeva, PhD

I медици

Колоквиум по цитология:

Студентите, получили 80% от точките на практическата част (16 точки) и на теста (32 точки) от колоквиума по цитология се освобождават от раздел цитология на изпита по цитология, обща ембриология и хистология.

Студентите, получили 70% от точките на практическата част (14 точки) и на теста (28 точки) от колоквиума по цитология се освобождават от практическата част (микроскопски препарати) по цитология на изпита по цитология, обща ембриология и хистология.

Семестриален успех:

Студентите, получили 90% от точките за целия семестър (над 135 точки) се освобождават от входящия тест (микроскопски препарати и теоретичен тест)на изпита по цитология, обща ембриология и хистология. Същите се явяват на писмен и устен изпит.

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