Bullinger S Companion Bible Notes Titus (E.W. Bullinger)
《Bullinger’s Companion Bible Notes – Titus》(E.W. Bullinger)
Commentator
Ethelbert William Bullinger AKC (December 15, 1837 - June 6, 1913) was an Anglican clergyman, Biblical scholar, and ultradispensationalist theologian.
He was born in Canterbury, Kent, England, the youngest of five children of William and Mary (Bent) Bullinger. His family traced their ancestry back to Heinrich Bullinger, the Swiss Reformer.
His formal theological training was at King's College London from 1860-1861, earning an Associate's degree. After graduation, on October 15, 1861, he married Emma Dobson, thirteen years his senior. He later received a Doctor of Divinity degree in 1881 from Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury who cited Bullinger's "eminent service in the Church in the department of Biblical criticism."
Bullinger's career in the Church of England spanned 1861 until 1888. He began as associate curate in the parish of St. Mary Magdalene, Bermondsey in 1861, and was ordained as a priest in the Church of England in 1862. He served as parish curate in Tittleshall from 1863-1866; Notting Hill from 1866-1869; Leytonstone, 1869-1870; then Walthamstow until he became vicar of the newly established parish of St. Stephen's in 1874. He resigned his vicarage in 1888.
In the spring of 1867, Bullinger became clerical secretary of the Trinitarian Bible Society, a position he would hold till his death in 1913. Bullinger was editor of a monthly journal Things to Come subtitled A Journal of Biblical Literature, with Special Reference to Prophetic Truth. The Official Organ of Prophetic Conferences for over 20 years (1894-1915) and contributed many articles.
Introduction
Tit
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THE STRUCTURE OF THE EPISTLE AS A WHOLE.
Titus 1:1-4. EPISTOLARY. SALUTATION. BENEDICTION.
Titus 1:5-9. ASSEMBLIES. THEIR ORDER.
Titus 1:10-16. CONTENTIOUS CRETANS, CENSURED.
Titus 2:1-10. THE WALK AND WORKS BECOMING BELIEVERS (SOCIALLY).
TITUS TO BE A PARENT OF GOOD WORKS.
Titus 2:11. REASON. THE GRACE OF GOD HATH APPEARED TO ALL.
Titus 2:1214. WHAT WE SHOULD BE IN CONSEQUENCE OF THE TEACHINGS OF GRACE.
Titus 2:15. CHARGE TO TITUS TO SPEAK, REBUKE, AND EXHORT.
Titus 3:1-2. CHARGE TO TITUS TO PUT IN MIND (CIVIL DUTIES).
Titus 3:3. REASON. WHAT WE WERE BEFORE GRACE""S TEACHINGS.
Titus 3:4-7. REASON. THE KINDNESS OF GOD APPEARED.
Titus 3:8. THE WALK AND WORKS BECOMING BELIEVERS.
TITUS TO EXHORT TO GOOD WORKS.
Titus 3:9. CONTENTIOUS CRETANS. CONDEMNED.
Titus 3:10-11. ASSEMBLIES. THEIR DISCIPLINE.
Titus 3:12-15. EPISTOLARY. SALUTATION. BENEDICTION.
THE EPISTLE TO TITUS.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES.
The apostle Paul had no more highly esteemed fellowlabourer than Titus, yet his name is not mentioned in the Acts. It has been suggested that this is owing to his being the aut.ority to whom Luke is indebted for various portions of the book. A Gentile (Galatians 2:3), and possibly a native of Crete, the words "Titus, mine own son after the common faith" (Titus 1:4) indicate that he was led to the truth by Paul himself. The two were companions in Antioch prior to the council assembled at Jerusalem as recorded in Acts 15, for to this Council he accompanied the apostle (Galatians 2:1). Titus is repeatedly referred to in the two Epistles to the Corinthians, to which church he was apparently sent on two occasions:see 2 Corinthians 8:6, and chapters 2 and 7. From this Epistle we learn that after Paul""s release from the Roman prison, the two journeyed together and preached in Crete (Titus 1:5, Titus 1:11, Titus 1:13), where the apostle left him to "set in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every city". Later, he was instructed to join Paul at Nicopolis (Titus 3:12), and it is probable that from there he went to Dalmatia (2 Timothy 4:10). The apostle""s affectionate regard for him is shown in 2 Corinthians 2:13; 2 Corinthians 8:23. The Epistle was one of the latest written by Paul, probably in the end of A. d. 67.
01 Chapter 1
Verse 1
servant of God. Nowhere else does Paul so designate himself
servant. App-190.,
God. App-98.
apostle. App-189.
Jesus Christ. App-98.
according to. App-104.
faith. App-150.
acknowledging = full knowledge. App-132.
truth. Greek. aletheia. Compare App-175.
after. Same as according to.
godliness. Greek. eusebeia. Compare App-137.
Verse 2
In. Greek. epi, App-101.
hope. See Titus 3:7. Compare Co Titus 1:3, Titus 1:4. 1 Timothy 1:1.
eternal. App-151.
life. App-170, I.
that cannot lie. Literally, the unlying. Greek. apseudes. Only here.
promised. Greek. epangellomai. Compare App-121Titus 5:8.
before . . . began. App-151.
Verse 3
hath. Omit.
in. No preposition.
times. Gr. kairos, the fit
season. Figure of speech Heterosis of number. App-6. See App-195.
manifested. App-106.
word. App-121.
through. Greek. en. App-104.
preaching. App-121.
is = was.
committed. App-150.
commandment. Greek. epitage. Occurs: Titus 2:16. Romans 16:26, 1 Corinthians 7:6, 1 Corinthians 7:25, 2 Corinthians 8:8. 1 Timothy 1:1.
Saviour. Greek. solter. Six times in this short Ep. Here, Titus 1:4; Titus 2:10, Titus 2:13; Titus 3:4, Titus 3:6.
Verse 4
mine own son. See 1 Timothy 1:2. mine own. App-175.
son = child. App-108.
common. Greek. koinos. Compare Acts 2:44. as. Jude 1:3.
Grace, &c. See 1 Timothy 1:2. Figure of speech Synonymia. App-6.
from. App-104.
Father. App-98.
Lord. The texts omit.
Jesus Christ. The texts read "Christ Jesus".
Verse 5
For. . . cause. Greek. charin, occurrence Titus 1:11. See Ephesians 3:1, Ephesians 3:14.
left. Greek. kataleipo. The texts read apoleipd, as 2 Timothy 4:20.
in. App-104.
Crete. The island lying in the Aegean Sea still bears the ancient name. It is about 140 miles long by about 30 wide.
that = in order that, Gr, hina,
set in order. Greek. epidiorthoo. Only here.
the . . . wanting. Literally the loft things. Compare Titus 3:13.
ordain = appoint. Greek. kathistemi. First occurrence Matthew 24:45.
elders. See Acts 20:17. Compare 1 Timothy 5:17, App-189.
in every city = city by city, Gr, kata (Ale 104. x. 2) polin.
appointed, Greek. diatasso. Occurs sixteen times, generally "command".
Verse 6
If. App-118.
any. App-123.
blameless. Greek. anenkletos. Elsewhere, Titus 1:7. 1 Corinthians 1:8. 1 Corinthians 1:22; 1 Timothy 3:10, Compare 1 Timothy 3:2.
husband, App-123.
faithful. App-150.
children. App-108.
not. App-105. IL
accused. Greek. en (App-104.) kategoria. See John 18:29,
unruly. Greek. anupotaktos, Occ, Titus 1:10, and elsewhere, 1 Timothy 1:9, Hebrews 2:8.
Verse 7
a = the
bishop. App-189.
steward, Greek. oikonomos. Occurs ten times; "steward", except Romans 16:23. Galatians 1:4, Galatians 1:2.
selfwilled. Greek. authades. Only here and 2 Peter 2:10
soon angry. Gr, orgilos. Only here.
given to wine. Greek. peroinos, Only here and 1 Timothy 3:3.
no. App-105.
striker. Greek. plektes. Only here and 1 Timothy 3:3.
given . . . lucre. Gr, aischrokerdes. Occur. 1 Timothy 8:3, 1 Timothy 8:8, and the adverb in 1 Peter 5:2. See also Titus 1:11.
Verse 8
lover of hospitality, Greek. philoxenos. Occurs: 1 Timothy 3:2. 1 Peter 4:9. The noun in Romans 12:13, and Hebrews 13:2.
lover of good men = lover of the good (thing). Greek. philegathos. Only here.
sober = right-minded. Greek. sophron, Occurs: Titus 2:2, Titus 2:5; 1 Timothy 3:2. Compare Mark 5:13.
just. App-191.
holy. Greek. hosios. See on Acts 2:27.
temperate. Greek. enkrates. Only here. See on Acts 24:23.
Verse 9
Holding fast, Greek. antechomai, Elsewhere, Matthew 6:24. Luke 16:13, 1 Thessalonians 5:11.
as. taught = according to (App-104.) the teaching (didache, occurs thirty times, always "doctrine" except here),
able, Greek. dunatos, Compare App-172.
by, Greek. en. App-104.
sound doctrine. See 1 Timothy 1:10, and ep. 2 Timothy 1:13.
doctrine. Greek. didaskalia. Occurs twenty-one times, always doctrine, save Romans 12:7 (teaching); Titus 15:4 (learning).
exhort. App-134. Read, "exhort (the believers)".
convince = convict. Greek. elenche. See Titus 1:13, and first occ, Matthew 18:15.
gainsayers = the contradicters. Occurs ten times. See first occurance: Luke 2:34.
Verse 10
and. Omit.
vain talkers. Greek. mataiologos. Only here. Compare 1 Timothy 1:6.
deceivers. Greek. phrenapates. Only hare. Not peculiar to N.T. The verb occurs Galatians 1:6, Galatians 1:3,
of. App-104.
circumcision. Those here referred to were Jewish Christians.
Verse 11
mouths . . . stopped. Greek. epistomizo. Only here.
subvert = overthrow. Greek. anatrepo. Only here and 2 Timothy 2:18.
houses = households. Greek. oikos. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject). App-6.
for . . . sake. Greek. churin, as in Titus 1:5.
filthy. Greek. aischros Only here. See Titus 1:7.
lucre"s = gain"s. Only here; Philippians 1:1, Philippians 1:21; Philippians 3:2.
Verse 12
One. App-123.
prophet. App-189. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct). App-6. To Paul, a prophet by repute only. It is supposed that the reference is to Epimenides.
The . . . bellies. Figure of speech Gnome. App-6(8).
alway. App-151.
evil. App-128.
beasts = wild beasts.
slow. Gr, argos. Occurs eight times, generally "idle".
bellies = persons. Figure of speech Synecdoche (of Part). App-6.
Verse 13
witness = testimony.
true. App-175.
Wherefore = on account of (Greek. dia App-104. Titus 1:2) which.
rebuke. Greek. elencho. See Titus 1:9. Occurs also Titus 2:15.
sharply. Greek. apotomos. Elsewhere only 2 Corinthians 13:10; the noun in Romans 11:22.
faith. See Titus 1:1. Here, doctrine of the gospel. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct). App-6.
Verse 14
giving heed. Greek. prosecho. Compare 1 Timothy 1:4.
Jewish fables. Compare Colossians 2:16-22. 1 Timothy 1:4.
commandments. Greek. entole,
men. App-123.
turn from. Greek. apostrepho. Compare 2 Timothy 4:4.
Verse 15
Unto . . . are pure. Figure of speech Paroemia. App-6.
Unto = To.
pure. Greek. katharos. First occurrence Matthew 5:8.
all, &c. The use of all things, i.e. meats. Compare Romans 14:14, Romans 14:20.
are. Figure of speech Ellipsis (Absolute). App-6.
defiled. Greek. miaino. Elsewhere, John 18:28. Hebrews 12:15. Jude 1:8. Compare the adjective in 2 Peter 2:10, and noun 2 Peter 2:20.
unbelieving. Greek. apistos. Compare App-150.
nothing. Greek. oudeis.
mind = understanding (Greek. nous), as in first oec. Luke 24:45.
conscience. Greek. suneidesis. First sec. John 8:9. See Acts 23:1.
Verse 16
profess. Greek. homologea. Compare Romans 10:9, Romans 10:10.
know, App-132.
in = by. No preposition.
deny. Greek. arneomai. See Titus 2:12. Compare 2 Timothy 2:12; 2 Timothy 3:5.
abominable. Greek. bdeluktos. Only here. The noun in Matthew 21:15, &c.
disobedient. Compare App-128. Titus 1:1.
unto. App-104.
good work. See Titus 2:7; Titus 3:1, Titus 3:8, Titus 3:14,
reprobate. Greek. adokimos. See Romans 1:28.
02 Chapter 2
Verse 1
speak. App-121.
become. Greek. prepei. Occurs seven times. First occurance: Matthew 3:15.
sound doctrine. See Titus 1:9.
Verse 2
That = (Erhort) that. Figure of speech Ellipsis (of Repetition). App-6.
aged men. Greek. presbutes. Elsewhere, Luke 1:18, Phm. Titus 1:9.
sober. Greek. nephalios. Elsewhere, 1 Timothy 3:2, 1 Timothy 3:11.
grave, Greek. semnos. Occurs: Philippians 1:4, Philippians 1:8. 1 Timothy 3:8, 1 Timothy 3:11. The noun in Titus 2:7, 1 Timothy 2:2; 1 Timothy 3:4,
temperate. Greek. sophron. See Titus 1:8.
faith = the faith. See App-150.
charity = the love, App-135.
patience = the patience. Greek. hupomone. Occurs about thirty times, first in Luke 8:15.
Verse 3
aged women. Greek. presbutis. Only here.
in. App-104.
behaviour. Greek. katastema. Only here.
as . . . holiness. Greek. hieroprepes. Only here.
not. App-105.
false accusers. Figure of speech Idioma. App-8. Greek. diabolos. Occurs thirty-eight times, always "devil", except here, 1 Timothy 3:11. 2 Timothy 3:3.
not. The texts read "nor", Gr, mede.
given. Greek. douloo. App-190.
teachers, &c. Greek. kalodidaskalos. Only here.
Verse 4
That = In order that. Greek. hina.
teach. . . to be sober. Greek. sophroniao. Only here. Op. Titus 2:6, Titus 2:12; 1 Timothy 2:9.
young women. Feminine of Greek. neos. See John 21:18.
love. . . husbands. Greek. philandros. Only here.
love . . . children. Greek. philoteknos. Only here.
Verse 5
discreet. Greek. sophron. Compare verses: Titus 2:1, Titus 2:4, Titus 2:1, B.
chaste. Greek. hagnos. Elsewhere, 2 Corinthians 7:11; 2 Corinthians 11:2. Philippians 1:4, Philippians 1:6. 1 Timothy 5:22. James 3:17. 1 Peter 5:2. 1 John 3:3.
keepers at home. Greek. oikonras. Only here.
obedient. Greek. hupatasso, as in Titus 2:9; Titus 3:1.
husbands. App-123.
word. App-121.
God. App-98.,
not. App-105.
blasphemed. Greek. blasphemeo. Occurs: Titus 3:2.
Verse 6
Young men = The younger. Greek. neoteros, as in 1Ti 5.
exhort. App-134.
sober minded. Greek. sophroneo. Compare verses: Titus 2:4, Titus 2:5, Titus 2:12, and see Romans 12:3.
Verse 7
In. App-104.
shewing. Greek. parecho. Elsewhere, offer, give, minister, &c.
pattern. Greek. tupos. See John 20:25.
good works. See Titus 1:16.
doctrine. See Titus 1:9.
uncorruptness. Greek. adiaphthoria. The texts read aphthoria. Only here.
gravity. he. semnotes. " Elsewhere, 1 Timothy 2:2; 1 Timothy 3:4. The adjective in Titus 2:2.
sincerity. The texts omit.
Verse 8
Sound. Greek. hugies. Occurs fourteen times, always "whole", except here. Compare verses: Titus 2:1, Titus 2:2; Titus 1:9, Titus 1:13.
speech. App-121.
that . . . condemned. Greek. akatagnostos. Only here.
of. App-104.
contrary part. Greek. enantios. Occurs eight times, first in Matthew 14:24.
ashamed. Greek. entrepo. See 2 Thessalonians 3:14.
no. Greek. medeis.
evil. Greek. phaulos. Only here; John 3:20; John 5:29. James 3:16.
say. Greek. lego. Compare App-121.
of. App-104.
Verse 9
servants. App-190.
unto = to.
masters, App-98.
please., well, Greek. euarestos. See Romans 12:1.
answering again. Greek. antilego. Compare Titus 1:9.
Verse 10
purloining. Greek. nosphizomai. Only here; Acts 5:2, Acts 5:3.
shewing. Greek. endeiknumi. Occurs: Titus 3:2.
fidelity. App-150.
adorn. Greek. kosmeo. Occurs ten times, first in Matthew 12:44.
Saviour. See Titus 1:3,
Verse 11
grace. Greek. charis, App-184.
that bringeth salvation. Greek. soterios. Only here.
hath. Omit.
appeared. App-106.
men. App-123.
Verse 12
Teaching. Greek. paideuo. Elsewhere, twelve times, genitive "chasten", "chastise".
denying. Greek. arneomai. Occurs thirty-one times, always "deny", save Acts 7:35, Hebrews 11:24, See Titus 1:16.
ungodliness. App-128.
worldly. Greek. kosrnikos. Only here and Nehemiah 9:1. Compare App-129.
lusts. See Ephesians 2:3, Philippians 1:1, Philippians 1:23 (desire).
live. Greek. zao. Compare App-170.
soberly. Greek. sophronos. See verses: Titus 2:2, Titus 2:5, Titus 2:2, Titus 2:6.
righteously. See App-191,
godly. See App-137.
this present. Literally the now (Greek. nun).
world. App-129., and App-151.
Verse 13
Looking for. See Luke 19:36.
that = the.
blessed. See 1 Timothy 1:11.
hope. appearing. Figure of speech Hendiadys. App-6.
hope. Compare Titus 1:2; Titus 3:7. "Blessed object
of hope, "Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct). App-6.
glorious appearing = appearing (App-106. ) of the glory (see p. 1511). Figure of speech Aetimereia (of Noun). App-6. Compare 2 Corinthians 4:4.
great, &c. = our great Saviour God.
Jesus Christ. App-98.
Verse 14
for. App-104.
redeem. Greek. lutroo. Only here; Luke 24:21. 1 Peter 1:18.
from. App-104.
iniquity, App-128.
peceliar people = a people as an acquisition. Greek. periousios. Only here. Compare 1 Peter 2:9. Occurs in Septuagint Exodus 19:5. Deuteronomy 7:6; Deuteronomy 14:2; Deuteronomy 26:18;
and in kindred forms, 1 Chronicles 29:3. Psalms 135:4. Ecclesiastes 2:8, Malachi 3:17.
zealous. Greek. zelotis. Elsewhere, Acts 21:20; Acts 22:3. 1 Corinthians 14:12. Galatians 1:1, Galatians 1:14.
of Genitive of relation; "with respect to". App-17.
Verse 15
rebuke. See Titus 1:9, Titus 1:13.
with. App-104.
authority. The same Greek. word in Titus 1:3 is translated "commandment".
no mom = no one. Greek. medeis.
despise. Greek. periphroneo. Only here.
03 Chapter 3
Verse 1
Put, &c. Figure of speech Association. App-6.
Put. in mind. Greek. hupomimntsko. Elsewhere, Luke 22:60. John 14:26. 2 Timothy 2:14. 2 Peter 1:12. 3 John 1:10. Jude 1:5.
subject. See Titus 2:5, Titus 2:9.
principalities, powers. See App-192and App-5.
obey magistrates. Greek. peitharcheo. Elsewhere, Acts 5:29, Acts 5:32; Acts 27:21.
to. App-104.,
good work. See Titus 1:16 with Titus 2:7.
Verse 2
speak evil. See Titus 2:5.
no man = no one. Greek. medeis.
no brawlers. Greek. amachos Only here and 1 Timothy 3:3.
gentle. Greek. epieikes. See Philippians 1:4, Philippians 1:4. Elsewhere, 1 Timothy 3:3. James 3:17. 1 Peter 2:18.
shewing. See Titus 2:10.
meekness. Greek. praotes. Compare 2 Corinthians 10:1.
unto. Greek. pros, App-104.
men. App-123.
Verse 3
sometimes = at one time.
foolish. Greek. anoetos. See Romans 1:14.
disobedient. See Titus 1:16.
serving. Greek. douleuo; the condition of being a slave. Compare Titus 2:3. App-190.
lusts. See Titus 2:12.
pleasures. Greek. hedone. Elsewhere, Luke 8:19. James 4:1, James 4:3; 2 Peter 2:13,
living. Greek. diagd. Only here and 1 Timothy 2:2.
in. App-104.
malice, envy. See Romans 1:29.
hateful. Greek. stugetas. Only here.
Verse 4
after that = when.
kindness. App-184.
love . . . toward man. Greek. philanthropia. Only here and Acts 58:2. The adverb in Acts 27:3.
God. See App-98.
Saviour. See Titus 1:3.
appeared. See App-106.
Verse 5
Not. App-105.
by. Greek. ek, App-104.
of. Greek. en. App-104.
righteousness. App-191.
have done = did,
according to. App-104., with texts.
by. App-104. Titus 3:1.
the washing . . . Ghost. Figure of speech Hendiadye. App-8. Two things mentioned but only one thing meant. A reference here to the gifts abundantly bestowed on us" before the truth was announced regarding the believer"s completeness in Christ, apart from ordinces.
washing. Greek. loutron. Only here and Ephesians 5:26. The word means, primarily, a vessel for bathing.
regeneration. Genitive of Apposition. App-17. Greek. palingenesia. The reference is to the new man. Only here and Matthew 19:28.
renewing. Greek. anakainosis. Only here and Romans 12:2. The verb in Colossians 3:10.
off = by.
Holy Ghost. App-101.
Verse 6
shed. Greek. ekcheo. See Acts 2:17, Acts 2:18, Acts 2:33. Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. App-6. "Pouring out" attributed to God, and the Spirit spoken of as if water.
on. App-101.
abundantly. Greek. plousios. Elsewhere, Colossians 3:16. 1 Timothy 6:17. 2 Peter 1:11.
through. App-104.
Jesus Christ. App-98.
Verse 7
That-In order that. Greek. hina.
justified. App-191.
grace. See Titus 2:11. App-184.
be made = become.
hope. See Titus 1:2.
eternal. App-151.
life. App-170
Verse 8
This, &c. = Faithful the saying. Figure of speech Ellipsis (of Repetition). App-6. See 1 Timothy 1:15. Figure of speech Hyperbaton. App-6.
faithful. App-150.
saying. App-121.
and = and concerning (App-104).
will. App-102.
affirm constantly = affirm strongly. Greek. diobebaioomai. Only here and 1 Timothy 1:7.
believed. App-150.
in. Omit.
careful. Greek. phrontizo. Only here.
maintain. Greek. proistemi. Occurs: Titus 3:14. Romans 12:8. 1 Thessalonians 5:12. 1 Timothy 3:4, 1 Timothy 3:5, 1 Timothy 3:12; 1 Timothy 5:17.
good works. See Titus 1:16,
profitable. Greek. ophelimos. Elsewhere, 1 Timothy 4:8, 2 Timothy 3:16.
unto = to.
men. App-123.
Verse 9
avoid., Greek. periistemi. Elsewhere, John 11:42. Acts 25:7. 2 Timothy 2:16.