Biotechnology

-Biotechnology: the branch of ______that studies the use of ______to perform specific industrial processes; "biotechnology produced ______bacteria that solved the problem"

•Introducing______into an ______in order to ______the organism’s DNA

-Areas of Use: ______, Medicines, ______, Food science, ______

-Biotechnology and Agriscience: ______, Food crop manipulations, ______-resistant crops, Biological Pesticides

-AgriculturalPositives: More ______Produced, Lesshunger, Increased ______, Needs Less ______

Negatives: ______, Human ______, Affects ______, ______Effects

-Genetically Modified Organism: An ______whose ______material has been ______using genetic engineering techniques

•These experimental combinations of ______from different species ______occur in ______or in traditional ______

-Impact of Biotechnology

•Genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) are ______by millions of people (especially US) every day

–Almost 56%of all ______plantings worldwide are genetically engineered (much higher in the US)

•Genetically modified crops were produced on more than ______acres in ______in 2003, a 15% increase from 2002

–The US was the largest single ______with more than 60% of the total acreage in production

-Transgenic: A geneor______that has been ______naturally, or by any of a number of______techniques from one organism to another

•The introduction of a ______has the potential to change the______of an organism

-Plant Science: Wide scale production of ______plants impacting ______

-Farming & the Environment: ______soil erosion, Helps protect water, ______land & fossil fuels

-Farmers’ Benefits: ______crop yields, ______farmer production costs, ______farmer exposure to pesticides, ______farming efficiency

-Efficiency: Must keep the______of improving products as ______as possible

  • Biotech results in ______

-Animal Science: Increased use of methods of in ______fertilization and ______improve selected breed programs

-Environmental Science: Use of biotechnology techniques in environmental science for ______and protecting ______

–Bioremediation-Use of ______to clean ______

–Example: Gulf Oil Spill

-Bioremediation: Using ______microorganisms to clean up oil spills; makes use of ______living in the ocean who actually “eat” the oil when it enters their natural habitat;adding sulfate or nitrate fertilizers to the microorganism population causes them to ______beyond their natural state and eat up the toxic metals invading their home at up to _____ times the rate that they would without assistance

-Problems with Biotechnology in Agriculture: Transfer of genes found in transgenic organisms to natural ______

–______genes have been used to ______this risk

•______of genetically modified organisms and biotechnology processes on other organisms and the ______

•______of the utilization of many biotechnology techniques

–Cost of producing ______(There are transgenic fish, but no livestock yet)

•Concerns over the______and ______of incorporating GMO’s into food for human consumption

–Allergens

–Example: The use of Star link corn in taco shells not approved for human consumption

•Lack of ______among both ______and ______concerning biotechnology processes and products

-Health/Agriculture/Medicine

•Pharming – the ______of plants and animals capable of producing ______substances

•The use of ______to prevent the spread of ______that could ______food sources

•______analysis/paternity testing has emerged as a technique to test the genetic ______of animals

-Medicines

•Vaccines

•Tissue ______

–Ex Organs grown to replace your own

•Genetic Origins of Diseases

–Ex. Is it linked to your______make-up

•Medicine

–Ex. Penicillin/Alexander Fleming

–Human ______for diabetes

-Genetics

•Being able to ______

•Cloning

•______

•Link disease genetically

-Cloning: Process of producing a ______from cells or tissues of ______

•1997 cloned ______– “Dolly” in Edinburgh Scotland

-Genetic Engineering: Changing the ______in a ______

•Specific trait of one organism may be ______, ______, and ______into the cell of another organism

-DNA Fingerprint: A technique used especially for ______(as for forensic purposes) by ______and ______the ______-______pattern in an individual's DNA —called also DNA typing

-Criminal Investigation

  • DNA fingerprinting

–______that person was involved in a ______

•Data Bases

–Allows ______to have access to people’s DNA to compare to ______

-DNA Fingerprint

•Forensic Investigator

–Investigate ______

•Police

–Investigate Criminal Activity

–______a Person

-Careers: Research (Laboratory), ______(Development of plants and animals), Biology, ______, ______, Biotechnician (Create ______for consumers), Medicine (Doctor: Predict patients’ genetic ______)

-Ethical Issues: ______of technology ______the ______

•Example of some issues: ______biodiversity, Cloning, ______, Companies requiring, ______, Environmental harm, Super germs

-Impact of Biotechnology: The NC Biotechnology Center predicts that the biotechnology industry in the state willcontribute more than ______in annual income each year within the next ______

-North Carolina: Over ______have great impact on ______

  • ______
  • Created disease resistant crops(______)
  • Improved livestock producing ______meat
  • Creates Jobs: ______jobs
  • ______in North Carolina business volume
  • $1.73 billion in ______for ______and ______
  • A ______with more than ______