Appendix F – Sample meeting report
New Views of the Earth’s Interior, 12-13th February 2009
The legendary pugilist Muhammed Ali said ‘The man who views the world at fifty the same as hedid at twenty has wasted thirty years of his life’. Our scientific understanding of the Earth showsno such failing, amply demonstrated by the recent “New Views of the Earth’s Interior” meetingheld in the Geological Society in London in February. This event, jointly supported by the British Geophysical Association and the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, certainly justified the plural in the title bringing together eminent geochemists, mineral physicists, geodynamicists and seismologists from around the world to discuss recent developments in the study of our planet and beyond. Themes of discussion covered a broad swath of the Earth’s interior, from the crust to the remotest inner core, and out into space.
Perspectives were provided from theoretical, experimental and observational view points. Observations are provided by geochemistry and seismology: the images provided by the latter methods have recently been vastly enhanced by the availability of dense array data.
Presenters showed new, high resolution images of continental lithosphere, subducting slabs, the transition zone, the enigmatic lowermost mantle region and the solid iron inner core. Seismology, however, detects primarily the velocity of the media it images. To convert this into an understanding of building blocks of the Earth requires input from mineral physics, to describe the nature and behaviour of materials at interior conditions. For example, computational `ab intitio’ methods directly model the quantum mechanical behaviour of materials at the atomistic level: these are being used to explore the crystal structure which is present in the inner core, and the possibility of melt in the deep mantle. To study real samples experimentalists must reproduce the vast pressures and temperatures in the planet’s interior: in large presses for the transition zone and using diamond anvil cells to simulate the deep core. Results from such experiments exploring the nature of mineral phase changes at the top and bottom of the mantle were presented, as were new insights into the chemistry of the core. Finally, the understanding provided by experiments and computation are being combined in complex simulations of the thermal and chemical dynamics of the whole Earth: such predictions can be compared with the observations of seismology and geochemistry.
The presentations and surrounding discussions underlined a centraltheme: that the progress we have made and still desire to make requires collaborative effort across a number of disciplines, and such activities are only increasing in scope. This ensures that our views of the Earth’s Interior will continue to evolve and allow synonymous conferences in the future.
Please visit the Mineralogical Society website for a detailed report, including photographs and pdf versions of many of the presentations made.
J. Wookey