APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Unit Overview

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

The course divides urban geography into two subfields. The first is the study of systems of cities, focusing on where cities are located and why they are there. This involves an examination of such topics as the current and historical distribution of cities; the political, economic, and cultural functions of cities; reasons for differential growth among cities; and types of transportation and communication linkages among cities. Theories of settlement geography, such as Christaller’s central place theory and the rank-size rule are introduced. Quantitative information on such topics as population growth, migration, zones of influence, and employment is used to analyze changes in the urban hierarchy. The second subfield focuses on the form, internal structure, and landscapes of cities and emphasizes what cities are like as places in which to live and work. Students are introduced to such topics as the analysis of patterns of urban land use, ethnic segregation, types of inter-city transportation, architectural traditions (e.g., neoclassical, modern, postmodern), cycles of uneven development, and environmental justice (e.g., the disproportionate location of polluting industries in low-income or minority residential areas). Students’ understanding of cities as places is enhanced by both quantitative data from the census and qualitative information from narrative accounts. Students also study models of internal city structure and development in the United States and Canada (e.g., the Burgess concentric zone model, the Hoyt sector model, the Harris–Ullman multiple nuclei model, and the galactic city model) and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these theories. Topics such as economic systems, housing finance, culture, architectural history, and innovations in transportation can be useful in the analysis of spatial patterns of urban landscapes. Although much of the literature in urban geography focuses on the cities of North America, comparative urbanization is an increasingly important topic. The study of European, North African and Middle Eastern, East and South Asian, Latin American, and sub-Saharan African cities serves to illustrate how differing economic systems and cultural values can lead to variations in the spatial structures and urban landscapes. Students also examine current trends in urban development that are affecting urban places, such as the emergence of edge cities, new urbanism, smart growth, and the gentrification of neighborhoods. In addition, students evaluate sustainable urbanplanningdesign initiatives and community actions, such as the bikeways and walkable mixed-use commercial and residential developments that reduce energy use and protect the environments of future cities.

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Key Concepts/Standards

Development and character of cities (origins, urban transportation development, world cities, megacities, suburbanization processes)
Models of urban hierarchies (Central Place Theory, Rank-size Rule, Primate Cities)
Models of internal city structure ( Burgess Concentric Zone Model, Hoyt Sector Model, Harris and Ullman Multiple Nuclei Model, Models of cities in Latin America, Middle East, Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, South Asia and Europe
Urban planning and design
Edge Cities
Contemporary Urban Issues (housing, discrimination, uneven development, disamenity, gentrificiation, brownfields, homelessness)

Essential Questions

What determines the range for a particular service?
Does range impact development?
What makes a good city?
What defines an urban settlement?
What is the difference between ghettoization and gentrification? How are the outcomes of the two similar?
Which regions of the world are the most urbanized? Least urbanized?

Formative Assessments

Lab Activity: Central Place Theory and Cobb County

Summative Assessments

Group FRQ-Urban Design (Test Grade)
Unit 7 Vocabulary
Unit 7 Test (MCQs Only)

Unit 7 Vocabulary

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Alpha World City

Basic industry

Bazaar

Beta World City

Bid-rent Theory

Blockbusting

Boomburb

Central Business District

Central Place (Theory)

Commuter zone

Concentric Zone Model (Burgess)

Counterurbanization

Dendritic pattern

Edge cities

Favelas

Fiscal squeeze

Gamma World City

Gateway city

Gentrification

Greenbelts

Grid-street system

Hamlet

High-tech corridors

Hinterland

Informal sector

Invasion and succession

Megacity

Megalopolis

Metrolpolis

Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman)

Non-basic industry

Overurbanization

Primate city

Range

Rank-size Rule

Redlining

Sector Model (Hoyt)

Segregation

Smart growth

Squatter settlements (barriadas)

Suburb

Suburbanization

Threshold

Town

Urban sprawl

Village

White flight

World City

Zone in transition

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Weekly Agenda(Unit 7 and for the rest of the course)
Monday, Nov. 30 / Tuesday, Dec. 1 / Wednesday, Dec. 2 / Thursday, Dec. 3 / Friday, Dec. 4
Activities:
1) Unit 7 Plan
2)Lecture: Central Place Theory
3) Web Activity Introduction: Cobb County and Central Place Theory
4) Rank Size Rule for STATE
5) Return Papers / Activities:
1) Turn in Cobb Co./Central Place
2) STATE Group: Cities (Best vs. Worst)
3) Group Discussion: What is a city? What makes a good city? Bad city?
4) Group Completion: Rank Size Rule for STATE
5) STATE Phase VIII (FRQ): Elements for City Models and Things to Consider
6) STATE Phase VIII (FRQ) Urban Design Rough Draft
Homework:
6) Unit 7 Vocabulary
7) Complete Web Activity: Central Place Theory and Cobb County
8) SLO Preparation-use Barron’s
9) STATE Portfolio / Homework:
7) Forbes Top 15 Most Livable Cities
8) Unit 7 Vocabulary
9) SLO Preparation-use Barron’s
10) Urban Design Rough Draft
11) STATE Portfolio
Differentiation:
Support-review
Extension-review / Differentiation:
Support-review
Extension-review
Assessment:
Formative review / Assessment:
Formative Review

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Weekly Agenda
Monday, Dec. 7 / Tuesday, Dec. 8 / Wednesday, Dec. 9 / Thursday, Dec. 10 / Friday, Dec. 11
Activities:
1) Discussion: 15 Most Livable Cities and 15 Worst Cities in America
2) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design-attendance required (rough draft) / Activities:
1) Unit 7 Vocabulary Quiz
2) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design-attendance required (begin final draft) / Activities:
1) SLO-APHG
2) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design-attendance required
(final draft) / Activities:
1) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design due-attendance required
2) Latin American City Model, Asian City Model, African City Model, European City Model
3) STATE Round 7 and 8 Fates (Final Fate)
4) Group Discussion: Ghettoization vs. Gentrification
5) The Peripheral and Suburban Model
6) Group Discussion: Problems of North American Cities
7) Group Discussion: What urban model does your city represent? / Activities:
1) Present Urban Models
2) Boomburb/Suburb Analysis
Homework:
3) Unit 7 Vocabulary
4) STATE Portfolio
5) SLO Preparation-use Barron’s / Homework:
3) STATE Portfolio
4) Observe Latin American City Model, Asian City Model, African City Model, European City Model-Blog
5) Observe The Peripheral and Suburban Model-Blog
6) SLO Prep-SLO-Wed. Dec. 9 / Homework:
3) Case Study: Inner-city Crimes and Guns
4) STATE Portfolio / Homework:
8) Urban Model Presentation Prep
9) STATE Phase VIII: Problems with Urban Models
10) STATE Portfolio / Homework:
3) Urban Model Presentation Prep
4) STATE Portfolio
5) Unit 7 Test Prep
Differentiation:
Content
Process
Product / Differentiation:
Content
Process
Product / Differentiation:
Content
Process
Product / Differentiation:
Content
Process
Product / Differentiation:
Content
Assessment:
Summative-FRQ / Assessment:
Summative-FRQ and Unit 7 Vocabulary Quiz / Assessment:
Summative-FRQ / Assessment:
Summative-FRQ / Assessment:
Summative-FRQ

APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization

Weekly Agenda
Monday, Dec. 14 / Tuesday, Dec. 15 / Wednesday, Dec. 16 / Thursday, Dec. 17 / Friday, Dec. 18
Activities:
1)Unit 7 Test (MCQs Only)
2)Present Urban Models
3)Work on STATE Portfolio / Activities:
1) Present Urban Models (if needed)
2) STATE Portfolio Work-Lab / Activities:
1)STATE Portfolio due
2)Final Exam Prep / Activities:
1)Final Exam (1,2)
2)AP Exam Spring Review Session Schedule
Happy Holidays!!! / Activities:
1)Final Exam (3,4)
2)AP Exam Spring Review Session Schedule
Happy Holidays!!!
Homework:
4) STATE Portfolio / Homework:
3)STATE Portfolio
4)Final Exam Prep / Homework:
3) Final Exam Prep / Homework:
3) Final Exam Prep (3,4 Only) / Homework:
Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation:
Assessment:
Summative-Unit 7 Test / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment:
Weekly Agenda
Monday, May 11 / Tuesday, May 12 / Wednesday, May 13 / Thursday, May 14 / Friday, May 15
Activities:
1) Review (Units 2,3) / Activities:
1) Review (Units 4,5) / Activities:
1) Review (Units 6,7)
2) Issue Final Exam Review Packet / Activities:
1) Review (Practice Test, FRQ Prep)
2) Last minute details about APHG Exam / Activities:
1) AP Human Geography College Board Exam
8AM in Presidential Gym
Homework:
AP Exam Prep / Homework:
AP Exam Prep / Homework:
AP Exam Prep / Homework:
AP Exam Prep / Homework:
1) work on STATE Portfolio
Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation:
Assessment:
Formative-review in STATE Portfolio / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment:
Summative-Final Exam
Weekly Agenda
Monday, May 18 / Tuesday, May 19 / Wednesday, May 20 / Thursday, May 21 / Friday, May 22
Activities:
1) Work on STATE Portfolio / Activities:
1) Work on STATE Portfolio
2) Portflio due / Activities:
1) Final Exam (2.3) / Activities:
1) Final Exam (5) / Activities:
1) Review
Homework:
3) Work on STATE Portfolio
4) Final Exam Prep / Homework:
Final Exam Prep (?) / Homework:
Final Exam Prep (?) OR
ENJOY YOUR SUMMER!!! / Homework:
ENJOY YOUR SUMMER!!! / Homework:
Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation: / Differentiation:
Assessment:
Formative-review in STATE Portfolio / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment: / Assessment:
Summative-Final Exam