BIO101 Unit 7
Animal Kingdom Invertebrates I
Glossary
acoelomate
animals such as flatworms that do not have a body cavity.
Annelida
an animal phylum that includes the earthworm and other segmented round worms.
bilateral symmetry
body plan having two complementary halves
budding
a type of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops directly on the parent.
carnivore
animals that eat other animals.
Cnidaria (Coelenterata)
an animal phylum that includes jellyfish and other animals that tentacles with stinging cells.
coelum
liquid filled space tissue between the body wall with muscles outside and the digestive tract on the inside lined with mesoderm tissue; a true body cavity.
collar cells
cells with flagella that create water currents in sponges which allow theses animals to take in food.
copulation
a sexual reproductive process in which the male deposits sperm inside the female’s body.
decomposers
organisms like bacteria and fungi that breaks down organic matter into nutrients that can be recycled in the environment.
ectoderm
outermost germ layer of an organism.
endoderm
innermost germ layer of an organism.
exoskeleton
an external supporting skeleton that covers soft body parts.
filter feeders
method of obtaining food by sponges and other animals which strain small organic material from the water in a way that deposits the food into the digestive tract.
funigivore
animals that eat fungi.
germ layers
developmental layer of the body such as ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm.
hermaphroditic
an organism that has both male and female sex organs and can produce both male and female sex cells.
herbivore
an animal that eats plants only.
invertebrate
refers to animals that lacks a vertebral column (backbone).
mesoderm
the middle germ layer that lines a true body cavity or coelom.
Mollusca
an animal phylum that includes clams and other animals with hard cells and soft bodies.
mouth-anus
a single body opening which both ingests food and excretes waste materials.
nematocyst
stinging cells found on the tentacles of jellyfish and other animals of the phylum Cnidaria.
Nematoda
an animal phylum that includes ascaris and other parasitic roundworms
omnivores
animals that eat both animals and plants.
parasites
organisms that live on or in another organism taking food from that host animal.
Platyhelminthes
a phylum of animals that includes flatworms such as planaria.
Porifera
an animal phylum that includes sponges and other pore-bearing animals.
producers
photosynthetic organisms such as plants.
pseudocoelom
a body cavity lying between the digestive tract and the body wall which is not completely lined by mesoderm.
radial symmetry
body plan which can be divided into complementary halves by more than one plane
regeneration
a form of asexual reproduction by which pieces that are broken from a parent will develop into a new organism. The parent also will repair itself by this process.
scavenger
an animal that eats dead organic remains of other animals
Schistosomiosis
a disease cause by a fluke which is a type of parasitic flatworm.
segmentation
repetition of body parts as divisions along the length of the animals body; seen in animals of the phyla annelida, arthropoda, and chordata.
symmetry
an animal or object which can be divided into complementary halves by a plane.
terrestrial
organisms that live mainly on land.
vertebrate
animals of the phylum chordate in which the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column. (backbone)