Name______Date______Period______

Unit 2: Biochemistry

Aim #4: Inorganic Chemistry

1)What is biochemistry?

2)What is matter?

* How are matter and energy different?

3)Why do we need to study chemistry in biology class?

4)What are elements?

5)Which elements are essential to life?

6)Use your periodic table to become familiar with at least the following common chemical symbols.

Symbol / Element / Symbol / Element
H / Na
C / Cl
O / P
K / S
N / Ca

7)What are compounds?

*Checkpoint: How do I know the difference between an element and a compound based on symbols?

(Cl vs. CO)

8)What is an atom?

9)What do we call atoms that are BONDED together?

10)Timeout: Distinguish between an element, a molecule, and a compound.

11)How do we write chemical compounds/molecules using symbols?

What is H2O? ______

  • How many hydrogen atoms are in one molecule

of water? ______

  • How many oxygenatoms are in one molecule

of water? ______

What is CO2?______

  • How many carbon atoms are in one molecule

of carbon dioxide? ______

  • How many oxygen atoms are in one molecule

of carbon dioxide? ______

12)How do elements differ from each other?

13)What is atomic number?

14)What are the atomic numbers of:

  • B ______
  • Si ______
  • Al ______
  • C ______

15)What do we mean when we say that atoms are typically electrically neutral?

16)What is an ion?

17)Atomic Number vs. Mass Number:

a)What is the mass number of carbon? ______

b)How many protons does oxygen have? ______

c)How many neutrons does sodium have? ______

18)What is an isotope?

a)How many protons in O-17? ______

b)What is the atomic number of C-13? ______

c)What element has an atomic number of 7? ______

d)What is the mass number of an element with8 protons, 6 electrons, and 6 neutrons? ______

e) How many electrons does C-14 have? ______

19)What determines an atom’s reactivity?

a)What is the maximum number of

electrons in the first energy level? ______

b)What is the maximum number of electrons

in the second energy level? ______

Label the energy levels

20)How do we know if an element is reactive?

Practice Problems:

1)If an atom has 9 electrons, how many electrons are in the second energy level? ______

2)Is He a reactive element? Why? ______

3) How many free spaces are present in the second level of F? ______

4)What is the mass number of Li? ______

5)How many neutrons does Mg-13 have? ______

6)How many electrons are present in N’s second energy level? ______

7)Is Ne a reactive element? Why? ______

8)Is carbon a reactive element? Why? ______

9)What element has 30 protons, 33 neutrons, and 30 electrons? ______

21)What are valence electrons?

2) How many valence electrons are present in this atom?

3) What do the dots in Lewis Dot Structures represent?

4)What do Lewis Dot Structures help us determine?

5)Draw the Lewis Dot Structures of Carbon and Oxygen:

6)What are chemical bonds? What is the result of chemical bonding?

7)How many bonds can an atom form?

Draw the Lewis Dot Structures and identify the number of bonds each atom can form:

Atom / Lewis Dot Structure / Number of Bonds Atom can Form
N
B
F
Ne

8)What is a covalent bond?

a)Double bond-

b)Triple bond-

9)What is the short hand method for drawing covalent bonds?

10)What is an ionic bond?

  1. Anion-
  1. Cation-

11)Oxidation/Reduction(LEO the lion says GER):

Aim#5: Properties of Water

1)What is a polar molecule?

2)Why is there an unequal sharing of electrons in water molecules?

3)Is H2 a polar molecule? Why?

4)Water’s polarity leads to ______.

This ______bonding is responsible for water’s unique

Properties!!!

5)Unique Property 1: Ice Floats in Water

6)Unique Property 2: Cohesion and Adhesion

7)What is transpiration?

8)What is surface tension?

9)Unique Property 3:Water takes longer to heat up in the summer and longer to cool down in the winter.

10)Unique Property 4: Water is known as a Universal Solvent!

11)Define the following:

a)Solvent-

b)Solution-

c)Solute-

d)Aqueous Solution-

Aim#6: Acids, Bases, and the pH Scale

1)What does the pH scale measure?

2)Acidic Solution

3)Basic Solution

4)Neutral Solution

Solution
Acid / Base / Neutral

5)Review Acids and Bases

6)What is a neutrilization?

7)How dobuffers work?

8)How can we measure the pH of a solution using indicators?

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