Additional File 2: Major Disease Categories and Associated Medicinal Plants of Boreal Canada

Additional file 2: Major diseasecategories and associated medicinal plants used by Aboriginal people of boreal Canada

Disease categories / Plants
Blood system disorders (purification, anaemia, coagulation, etc.) / Alnus sp., Aralia nudicaulis, Arctium lappa,Arctostaphylosalpina,Chamerionangustifolium ssp. angustifolium, Chimaphilaumbellata, Fragariavescassp. bracteata, Gaultheria procumbens, Heracleummaximum, Larixlaricina,Melilotusofficinalis, Mentha arvensis, Nepeta cataria, Nupharlutea ssp. polysepala, Oplopanaxhorridus, Pedicularis canadensis,Piceaglauca,Piceamariana, Polygala senega, Populus alba,Populus balsamifera, Populusgrandidentata,Populus tremuloides, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus virginiana, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhus glabra, Rhus typhina,Salixnigra, Salix sp.,Sium suave, Sorbus americana, Taraxacumofficinale, Thuja occidentalis, Trifolium hybridum, Urtica dioica, Urticadioicassp. gracilis,Valerianadioicavar. sylvatica, Viburnumedule
Circulatory system disorders (heart problems, blood pressure, cholesterol, haemorrhoids, etc.) / Abies balsamea, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica,Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia hispida, Aralia nudicaulis, Artemisiadracunculus,Betula papyrifera, Campanula rotundifolia,Cardaminediphylla, Clintoniaborealis, Coptistrifolia, Corylus cornuta, Dalea purpurea, Dryopteris sp., Fragariavescassp. bracteata, Gaultheriahispidula, Gaultheria procumbens, Inula helenium, Larixlaricina, Lilium philadelphicum, Lonicera dioica, Matteuccia struthiopteris, Mentha arvensis, Mertensiapaniculata, Nuphar lutea, Nupharlutea ssp. polysepala, Piceamariana, Plantago major, Polygala senega, Polypodium virginianum, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus sp., Prunus virginiana,Quercusmacrocarpa, Quercus rubra, Rubus idaeus, Rumex aquaticus, Sanguinaria canadensis, Scutellaria galericulata, Shepherdia canadensis, Sium suave, Solidago canadensis, Sorbus americana, Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Thuja occidentalis, Vacciniumuliginosum, Valeriana dioica, Valerianadioicavar. sylvatica, Violalabradorica
Cough, cold and sore throat / Acersaccharum, Achillea millefolium, Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa var. lanulosa,Achillea sibirica, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Agastache foeniculum, Allium stellatum, Alnusviridisssp. crispa, Amelanchier alnifolia, Amelanchierbartramiana, Anaphalismargaritacea, Anemone canadensis,Aralia hispida, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Arctium minus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Artemisia campestris, Artemisia frigida, Artemisia sp., Artemisiatilesii, Asarum canadense, Asclepias tuberosa, Berberis vulgaris, Betula papyrifera, Caltha palustris, Campanula rotundifolia, Cardaminediphylla, Carum carvi, Chamerionangustifolium ssp. angustifolium, Chenopodium album, Coptistrifolia, Cornus alternifolia, Cornus canadensis, Cornus florida, Cornus sericea, Empetrum nigrum, Equisetum arvense, Erigeronphiladelphicus, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eupatorium purpureum, Gaultheria procumbens, Geumaleppicum, Geum rivale, Gnaphalium sp., Heracleummaximum, Hypericum perforatum, Iris versicolor, Juniperus communis, Juniperus horizontalis, Kalmia angustifolia, Larixlaricina, Lilium philadelphicum, Maianthemum canadense, Mentha aquatica, Mentha arvensis, Monarda fistulosa, Myrica gale, Nuphar lutea, Nupharlutea ssp. advena, Nymphaeaodorata, Oplopanaxhorridus, Osmorhizaclaytonii, Osmorhizalongistylis, Ostryavirginiana, Penstemonconfertus, Phryma leptostachya, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Picearubens, Piceasitchensis, Pinus banksiana, Pinuscontorta, Pinus sp., Pinus strobus, Platantheradilatata var. leucostachys, Polygalapolygama, Polygala senega, Polygonatumbiflorum, Polyporus resinosus, Populus sp., Populus tremuloides, Potentillanorvegica ssp. monspeliensis, Prunella vulgaris, Prunus nigra, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus serotina,Prunus virginiana, Rhexia virginica, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhododendron tomentosum, Rhus glabra, Rhus typhina, Ribeshudsonianum, Ribes lacustre,Rosa acicularis, Rosawoodsii, Rubus allegheniensis, Rubus chamaemorus, Salixcandida, Salix discolor, Salix sp., Sanguinaria canadensis, Sanguisorba canadensis, Sarracenia purpurea, Sassafras albidum, Schoenoplectusacutus, Scirpusmicrocarpus, Shepherdia canadensis, Solidago canadensis, Solidagoflexicaulis, Sorbus americana, Sorbusscopulina, Streptopuslanceolatus, Symplocarpus foetidus, Tanacetum vulgare, Taraxacumofficinale, Taxus canadensis, Thuja occidentalis, Trifolium pratense, Tsuga canadensis, Ulmusrubra,Vacciniumuliginosum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea,Valeriana dioica, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica,Viburnumedule, Viola pubescens, Zanthoxylum americanum
Dermatological infections (boils, eczema, felons, itch, measles, running sore, scurvy, dropsy, irritant, small pox, chicken pox, skin problems, body wash, and used as baby powder, etc.) / Abies balsamea, Acer saccharinum, Acer spicatum, Achillea millefolium, Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa var. lanulosa, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Alnus sp., Alnusviridisssp. crispa,Anaphalismargaritacea, Anemone canadensis, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Arisaema triphyllum, Arnicaangustifolia, Artemisiadracunculus, Artemisia frigida,Baptisia tinctoria, Betula papyrifera, Betulapubescens, Carum carvi, Caulophyllumthalictroides,Celastrus scandens,Chamerionangustifoliumssp.angustifolium, Chimaphilaumbellata, Cirsium arvense,Clintoniaborealis, Comptoniaperegrina, Coptistrifolia, Cornus sericea, Cypripedium acaule, Dryopteris carthusiana, Empetrum nigrum, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum sylvaticum, Erysimum cheiranthoides, Galium aparine, Galiumtrifidum, Hamamelis virginiana, Heracleummaximum, Hylotelephiumtelephium, Impatienscapensis, Impatiens pallida, Juniperus communis, Lactuca canadensis, Larixlaricina,Lycoperdon perlatum, Lycoperdon sp., Maianthemumracemosumssp. racemosum, Myrica gale, Nuphar lutea, Osmorhizaclaytonii, Petasitesfrigidusvar. sagittatus, Piceaglauca, Picea mariana, Picea sp.,Piceasitchensis, Pinus banksiana, Pinus strobus, Plantago major, Platantheraorbiculata,Polygonatumbiflorumvar. commutatum, Polygonum hydropiper, Populus balsamifera,Populus sp., Populus tremuloides, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus serotina, Prunus sp., Pyrolaasarifolia ssp. asarifolia, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Ribestriste, Rosablanda, Rubus chamaemorus, Rubus idaeus, Rubusidaeusssp. strigosus, Rumex aquaticus, Rumexarcticus, Rumex crispus, Sagittaria cuneata, Salix discolor, Sanguinaria canadensis, Sarracenia purpurea, Scirpusmicrocarpus, Shepherdia canadensis, Solidagoaltissima, Sorbus americana, Sphagnumcapillifolium, Sphagnum fuscum, Stellariamedia,Taraxacumofficinale, Taxus canadensis, Thuja occidentalis, Trifolium hybridum, Tsuga canadensis, Urtica dioica, Urticadioicassp. gracilis, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Valeriana dioica, Verbascum thapsus
Diabetes / Abies balsamea, Achillea millefolium,Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus,Andromedapolifoliavar. latifolia, Aralia racemosa, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Cladinarangiferina, Euphorbia sp., Gaultheriahispidula, Juniperus communis, Kalmia angustifolia, Larixlaricina, Lycopodium clavatum, Lysichitonamericanus, Mentha arvensis, Nuphar lutea, Oplopanaxhorridus, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Pinus banksiana, Populus balsamifera, Populus sp., Populus tremuloides, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhododendron tomentosum, Ribesamericanum, Salixplanifolia,Salix sp., Sarracenia purpurea, Shepherdia canadensis, Sorbusdecora, Sorbusscopulina, Sphagnum fuscum, Stereocaulonpaschale, Taraxacumofficinale, Typha latifolia, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vacciniumuliginosum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Vitisvulpina, Zizania aquatica
Earache, deafness, ear irritation / Acorus calamus, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Campanula rotundifolia, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus sp., Larixlaricina, Lobelia inflata, Mitella nuda, Nicotiana tabacum, Oclemenanemoralis, Piceamariana, Plantago major, Rhus glabra, Tanacetum vulgare, Thuja occidentalis, Trametes suaveolens, Trilliumgrandiflorum, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica
Fainting and fits / Adiantum pedatum, Alnus sp., Aralia nudicaulis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Aristolochia serpentaria, Cornus canadensis, Heracleummaximum, Nicotiana tabacum, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Pinus banksiana, Pinus strobus,Plantago major, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Populus balsamifera, Quercus rubra, Rhinanthus minor, Salix discolor
Fever / Achillea millefolium, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Alnus sp., Amelanchier alnifolia,Arctium minus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia frigida, Asarum canadense, Campanula rotundifolia, Cardaminediphylla, Comptoniaperegrina, Cornus alternifolia, Cornus florida, Cornus sericea, Dasiphorafruticosassp. floribunda, Erigeronphiladelphicus, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eryngiumaquaticum, Gaultheriahispidula, Iris versicolor, Juniperus communis, Lilium philadelphicum, Lycopodium clavatum,Lycopodium sp., Mentha arvensis, Mitchella repens, Monarda fistulosa, Nepeta cataria,Piceaglauca, Populus tremuloides, Prunella vulgaris, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus virginiana, Pycnanthemumvirginianum, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhus typhina, Rosa acicularis, Rubus allegheniensis, Rubus chamaemorus, Rubus idaeus, Sambucusnigrassp. canadensis, Sanicula marilandica, Sarracenia purpurea, Schoenoplectusacutus, Scutellaria galericulata, Shepherdia canadensis, Sium suave, Solidago canadensis, Solidagospeciosa var. rigidiuscula, Sphagnumcapillifolium, Symphyotrichumlaeve,Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Tanacetum vulgare, Taxus canadensis, Thalictrumdasycarpum, Thuja occidentalis, Urticadioicassp. gracilis,Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Valeriana dioica, Veratrum viride
Gastro-intestinal disorders (biliousness, cholera, colic, constipation, indigestion, diarrhoea, dysentery, emetic, laxative, liver disorders, piles, physic, purgative, cathartic, intestinal worms, nausea, vomiting, etc.) / Abies balsamea,Acer negundo, Acer nigrum, Acer pensylvanicum, Acer saccharinum, Achillea millefolium, Achillea sibirica, Acorus calamus, Actaearubra, Agastache foeniculum, Aletris farinosa, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Alliumtricoccum, Alnusincanassp. rugosa, Alnus rubra, Alnus sp., Alnus viridis, Alnusviridis ssp. crispa, Amelanchier alnifolia, Amelanchiercanadensis, Amorpha canescens, Amphicarpaeabracteata var. comosa, Andromedapolifoliavar. latifolia, Andropogongerardii, Antennariaplantaginifolia, Apocynumcannabinum,Aquilegiacanadensis, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa,Arctium minus,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi,Arisaema triphyllum,Artemisia absinthium,Artemisia campestris,Artemisiadracunculus, Artemisia frigida, Artemisia sp.,Asarum canadense,Aspidium cristatum, Astragalusamericanus,Baptisia tinctoria, Betulaalleghaniensis,Betulaglandulosa, Betula lenta,Betulanigra, Betula papyrifera, Betulapubescens, Boschniakiarossica, Botrychium virginianum, Capsellabursa-pastoris, Carexaquatilis, Carum carvi, Caulophyllumthalictroides, Ceanothus americanus, Ceanothusherbaceus, Celastrus scandens,Chamerionangustifoliumssp. angustifolium, Chimaphilaumbellata,Cirsium arvense, Cirsiumvulgare, Cladinastellaris, Comarumpalustre, Comptoniaperegrine, Coptistrifolia, Cornus alternifolia, Cornus canadensis, Cornus sericea, Corylus cornuta, Cypripedium acaule, Diervilla lonicera, Dirca palustris, Dryopterismarginalis, Echinocystislobata, Echinodontium tinctorium,Empetrum nigrum, Equisetum arvense, Equisetumpalustre, Equisetum pratense, Erigeron canadensis, Erigeron sp., Eriophorum sp.,Fagus grandifolia, Fomes pinicola, Fragariavesca ssp. bracteata, Fragaria virginiana,Galeopsis tetrahit,Galium boreale, Geranium maculatum,Geumcanadense,Geum rivale, Geumtriflorum, Gymnocarpiumdisjunctum, Hamamelis virginiana, Hedysarumalpinum, Hepatica triloba, Heracleummaximum, Heuchera richardsonii, Hydrophyllum virginianum, Ilex verticillata, Impatienscapensis, Iris versicolor,Juglans cinerea, Juniperus communis, Kalmia angustifolia, Kalmialatifolia, Kalmiapolifolia, Larixlaricina, Lathyrus ochroleucus, Lilium canadense, Lilium philadelphicum, Lobelia inflata, Lobelia kalmia, Lonicera dioica, Lycopodiumdendroideum, Lycopodium sp., Maianthemumracemosumssp.racemosum, Matteuccia struthiopteris, Medicago sativa, Mentha arvensis, Menthaspicata, Monarda fistulosa, Monarda punctata,Nupharlutea, Nupharlutea ssp. polysepala, Oenothera biennis,Penstemonconfertus,Physocarpus opulifolius, Phytolaccaamericana, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Plantago major, Podophyllum peltatum,Polygonum muhlenbergii, Polygonum persicaria, Polygonum punctatum, Polypodiumvirginianum, Populus sp., Populus tremuloides, Potentilla arguta, Prunella vulgaris, Prunusamericana, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus virginiana, Prunusvirginiana var. demissa, Pteris aquilina, Quercus alba, Quercusmacrocarpa, Quercus rubra,Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhododendrontomentosum, Rhus aromatica, Rhus copallinum,Rhus glabra, Rhus typhina, Ribes lacustre, Ribes oxyacanthoides, Ribestriste, Rosa acicularis, Rosablanda, Rosa sp., Rubus allegheniensis,Rubus chamaemorus, Rubus idaeus, Rubusidaeusssp.strigosus,Rubus occidentalis, Rubus sp., Rudbeckia laciniata, Rumexaltissimus, Rumex crispus, Rumex sp., Sagittaria cuneata, Sagittaria latifolia, Salix bebbiana, Salix discolor, Salix lucida,Salixpedicellaris,Salix sp.,Sambucusnigrassp. canadensis,Sambucus racemosa, Sanguinaria canadensis, Sarracenia purpurea,Saururus cernuus,Scutellarialateriflora,Shepherdia canadensis, Silphium perfoliatum, Solanum dulcamara, Solidago canadensis, Sorbus americana, Sporobolusheterolepis, Stachys palustris, Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Taraxacumofficinale,Taxus canadensis, Thaspiumbarbinode,Thuja occidentalis, Tiarella cordifolia, Tilia americana, Triglochinmaritima,Triosteumperfoliatum, Tsuga canadensis,Umbilicariamuehlenbergii, Urtica dioica, Urticadioica ssp. gracilis, Uvularia grandiflora, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Vaccinium oxycoccus, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Veratrum viride, Veronicastrumvirginicum, Viburnum acerifolium,Viburnumedule, Viburnumopulus var. americanum,Vitisvulpina
General health (no description or just mentioned as a medicinal plant) / Abies balsamea,Acer pensylvanicum, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Amelanchier alnifolia, Anemonemultifida, Apocynumcannabinum, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Arctium minus, Arctostaphylos alpina, Arisaema triphyllum,Artemisia sp., Asarum canadense, Baptisia tinctoria, Betula lenta,Betula papyrifera, Boschniakiarossica, Celastrus scandens, Chelone glabra, Cicuta macualta, Clintoniauniflora, Cornus alternifolia, Cornus canadensis, Cornus sericea, Crataegus sp., Eupatorium perfoliatum, Fragariavesca ssp. bracteata, Fragaria virginiana, Gaultheria procumbens,Geum macrophyllum, Heliopsishelianthoides var. scabra, Heracleummaximum,Iris versicolor, Juniperus communis, Juniperus horizontalis,Larixlaricina,Lepidium virginicum, Lobelia inflata, Lycopodiumdendroideum, Lysichitonamericanus,Maianthemumstellatum, Matricaria discoidea, Mentha arvensis, Menyanthestrifoliata, Nuphar lutea, Oplopanaxhorridus, Ostryavirginiana,Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Plantago major, Polygala senega, Polygonum amphibium, Pontederia cordata, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Pulsatillapatens ssp. multifida, Pyrolaasarifolia ssp. asarifolia, Quercus rubra, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhododendron tomentosum,Rhus aromatica, Rhus glabra, Ribeshudsonianum, Rosavirginiana, Rumexaltissimus, Rumex crispus, Sagittaria cuneata, Salix sp., Sambucus racemosa, Sanicula canadensis, Shepherdia canadensis, Solanum nigrum, Sorbus americana,Spiraeaalba, Spiraea tomentosa, Streptopus amplexifolius, Symplocarpus foetidus, Taxus canadensis, Thuja occidentalis, Trametes suaveolens, Trientalisborealis ssp. borealis, Trillium erectum, Typha latifolia,Umbilicariamuehlenbergii, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica, Veronicastrumvirginicum, Viburnumedule, Zanthoxylum americanum
Gynaecological problems (menstrual disorders, pain, emmenagogue, etc.) / Abies balsamea, Achillea millefolium, Acorus calamus, Actaeapachypoda, Actaea rubra,Alnusviridis, Alnusviridis ssp. crispa, Aletrisfarinosa, Amelanchiercanadensis, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Artemisiadracunculus, Asclepias syriaca, Betula papyrifera, Betula pumila var. glandulifera, Carexaquatilis, Castillejacoccinea, Caulophyllumthalictroides, Chamerionangustifoliumssp. angustifolium, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Cirsium sp.,Cornus canadensis, Crataegus sp., Cypripedium acaule, Cypripediumparviflorum, Empetrum nigrum, Erigeron canadensis, Eupatorium maculatum, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eupatorium purpureum, Fragaria virginiana, Fraxinus americana, Geumcanadense, Geum macrophyllum, Glyceriacanadensis, Hepatica triloba, Hudsonia tomentosa, Juniperus communis, Lilium canadense, Linnaea borealis, Lonicera dioica, Maianthemumracemosum ssp. racemosum, Mentha arvensis, Monarda fistulosa, Myriosclerotinia caricis-ampullaceae, Nuphar lutea, Nymphaeaodorata, Osmorhizalongistylis, Pastinacasativa, Polyporus sp., Populus balsamifera, Populusgrandidentata, Prenanthesalba, Prunella vulgaris, Pycnanthemumvirginianum, Ribesamericanum, Ribesglandulosum, Ribes oxyacanthoides, Ribestriste, Rosa acicularis, Rubusfrondosus, Rubus idaeus, Rubus occidentalis, Rubuspubescens var. pubescens, Sanicula canadensis, Sanicula marilandica, Saniculaodorata, Sarracenia purpurea, Scutellarialateriflora, Silphium perfoliatum, Solidagoflexicaulis, Solidago juncea, Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Tanacetum vulgare, Taraxacumofficinale, Taxus canadensis, Thuja occidentalis, Trillium erectum, Urtica dioica, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica, Viburnum lentago, Viburnumopulus var. americanum
Haemorrhages (internal bleeding, blood spitting, nasal haemorrhage, etc.) / Acer pensylvanicum, Achillea millefolium, Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa var. lanulosa, Actaea rubra, Anemone canadensis, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Baptisia tinctoria, Calla palustris, Calvatia craniiformis, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Galium aperina, Hamamelis virginiana,Lycoperdon perlatum, Lycoperdon sp., Maianthemumracemosum ssp. racemosum,Mentha arvensis, Packeraaurea, Plantago major, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Polygonatum pubescens, Potentilla anserina, Pyrolaasarifolia ssp. asarifolia,Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhus typhina, Rubusidaeus ssp. strigosus, Sarracenia purpurea, Silphium perfoliatum, Sorbus americana, Streptopus amplexifolius, Trillium erectum, Urtica dioica, Urticadioica ssp. gracilis, Usnea hirta, Usnea sp., Verbenahastata
Hair care (prevent hair loss, scalp problems, lice) / Abies balsamea, Androsaceseptentrionalis, Artemisiadracunculus, Delphiniumglaucum, Dirca palustris, Heracleummaximum, Juniperus communis, Lonicera dioica,Poa palustris, Prunus virginiana, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Solidagospeciosa var. rigidiuscula, Vitis sp.
Headache / Achillea millefolium, Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa var. lanulosa, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica,Amelanchier alnifolia, Anemonemultifida, Anemone sp.,Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia recemosa, Arctium minus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Artemisia frigida, Castilleja miniata, Chamaecyparisthyoides, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cicutadouglasii, Comptoniaperegrine, Cornus sericea, Corydalis aurea, Cynoglossumvirginianum var. boreale, Erigeronstrigosus, Eurybiamacrophylla, Fomes pinicola, Gaultheria procumbens, Grindelia squarrosa, Helenium autumnale, Heracleummaximum, Hymenoxys richardsonii, Impatienscapensis, Inula helenium, Juniperus communis,Juniperus virginiana, Kalmia angustifolia, Lappulasquarrosa, Larixlaricina, Maianthemum canadense, Maianthemumracemosum ssp. racemosum, Menthaaquatica, Monarda fistulosa, Nuphar lutea, Nuphar variegatum, Pedicularislanata, Plantago major, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Polygonatumbiflorum var. commutatum,Pteris aquilina, Pulsatillapatens ssp. multifida, Ranunculus acris, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhododendron tomentosum, Salix lucida, Salix sp., Sarracenia purpurea, Sium suave, Sorbus americana,Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Symplocarpus foetidus, Tanacetum vulgare,Taxus canadensis,Thuja occidentalis, Thujaplicata,Trametes suaveolens,Vaccinium myrtilloides, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica,Viburnumlantanoides
Injuries (cuts and wounds, bruises, burns and scalds) / Abies balsamea,Acer saccharinum, Acer spicatum, Aconogonon alaskanum, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus, Achillea millefolium, Achilleamillefolium var. occidentalis, Actaea rubra, Agastache foeniculum, Alnus viridis, Amelanchierbartramiana, Anemone canadensis, Aralia racemosa, Arctium lappa, Arctium minus,Artemisiadracunculus, Artemisia frigida, Asarum canadense, Asclepias tuberosa, Astragalus crassicarpus,Betulaglandulosa, Betula nana,Betula papyrifera, Betula pumilavar. glandulifera, Botrychium virginianum, Calla palustris,Chamerionangustifolium ssp. angustifolium, Chimaphilaumbellate, Cicuta maculata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsiumdiscolor, Clintoniaborealis, Corylus americana, Cornus florida, Cornus sericea, Echinodontium tinctorium,Fagus grandifolia, Fomes pinicola, Fragaria virginiana, Fragariavirginianassp. glauca, Gaultheriahispidula,Hamamelis virginiana, Helianthusoccidentalis, Hepatica triloba, Heracleummaximum,Iris versicolor, Juniperus communis, Kalmia angustifolia, Larixlaricina, Lathyrusvenosus, Lilium philadelphicum, Lycoperdon perlatum, Maianthemum canadense, Maianthemumracemosum ssp. racemosum, Monarda fistulosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Nuphar lutea, Nupharlutea ssp. advena, Nupharlutea ssp. polysepala,Oenothera biennis, Oligoneuronrigidum var. rigidum,Orthiliasecunda, Packeraaurea, Panax trifolius, Petasites frigidus, Phytolacca americana, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Piceasitchensis, Pinus banksiana, Pinuscontorta, Pinus sp., Pinus strobus, Plantago major,Polygala senega, Populus balsamifera, Populusdeltoides, Populus tremuloides, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla arguta, Prunusamericana, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus serotina, Prunus virginiana, Pyrola asarifolia, Pyrolagrandiflora, Quercus alba, Quercusmacrocarpa, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhus glabra, Ribes lacustre, Rosa acicularis, Rubus chamaemorus, Rudbeckia laciniata, Rumex aquaticus, Rumex crispus, Rumexobtusifolius, Sagittaria cuneata, Sanguinaria canadensis,Salix bebbiana, Salixfragilis, Salix lucida, Salixnigra, Salix sp., Shepherdia canadensis, Silphium perfoliatum, Solidagoaltissima, Solidagospeciosa var. rigidiuscula, Stachys palustris, Symphyotrichumciliolatum,Taraxacumofficinale, Thuja occidentalis, Tilia americana, Tsuga canadensis, Typha latifolia, Ulmus rubra,Urticadioicassp. gracilis, Verbascum thapsus
Mental disorders (anxiety, depression, hallucination, stress, insanity, insomnia, nervousness, seizures, etc.) / Caulophyllumthalictroides, Cypripedium acaule,Cypripediumparviflorum, Cypripediumreginae,Dryopteris carthusiana,Larixlaricina, Matricaria discoidea, Mentha arvensis,Prunus serotina,Pulsatillapatens ssp. multifida, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Salix discolor, Sanguinaria canadensis, Symphyotrichumpuniceum,Taraxacumofficinale, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica,Veratrum viride, Viburnumopulus var. americanum
Metabolic system disorders (chill, refrigerant, prickly heat, sudorific) / Abies balsamea, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia nudicaulis, Aralia racemosa, Arctium minus, Artemisiadracunculus,Asclepias tuberosa, Chimaphilaumbellata, Geum aleppicum, Mentha arvensis, Nuphar lutea, Prunus pensylvanica,Quercus alba,Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Sambucusnigra ssp. canadensis, Streptopuslanceolatus var. roseus, Symphyotrichumpuniceum, Tanacetum vulgare, Tsuga canadensis, Valeriana dioica
Musculoskeletal disorders (analgesic, arthritis, rheumatism, body pain, joint pain, sprains, swellings, cramps, retching, muscle relaxant, etc.) / Abies balsamea, Abieslasiocarpa, Acer pensylvanicum, Achillea millefolium, Achilleamillefolium var. occidentalis, Acorusamericanus, Acorus calamus,Alnus sp., Alnusviridisssp. crispa,Amelanchier alnifolia, Anaphalismargaritacea, Anemone canadensis,Aralia racemosa, Arctium lappa, Arctium minus, Arctostaphylosalpina, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Arnicaangustifolia, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia frigida, Artemisianorvegica ssp. saxatilis, Asarum canadense,Betulaalleghaniensis, Betula papyrifera, Brassica sp., Calla palustris, Caltha palustris, Carum carvi, Caryacordiformis, Caryalaciniosa, Caryaovata, Caulophyllumthalictroides, Celastrus scandens, Chamaecyparisthyoides, Chamerionangustifoliumssp. angustifolium, Chenopodium album, Chimaphilaumbellata, Clintoniaborealis, Cicuta maculata, Cirsium arvense, Comptoniaperegrina, Cornus canadensis, Cornus sericea, Cornus sp., Cypripediumparviflorum, Dryopteris sp., Eupatorium maculatum, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Fagus grandifolia, Fomes fomentarius, Gaultheria procumbens,Heracleummaximum, Hydrophyllum virginianum, Inonotus obliquus, Iris versicolor, Juniperus communis, Juniperus horizontalis, Juniperus virginiana, Kalmia angustifolia,Larixlaricina, Lilium philadelphicum, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodiumobscurum,Maianthemum canadense, Maianthemumracemosum ssp. racemosum,Matteuccia struthiopteris, Medicago sativa, Mentha arvensis, Mirabilisnyctaginea, Mitchella repens, Monarda fistulosa, Morellapensylvanica, Nuphar lutea,Nupharlutea ssp. advena, Nupharlutea ssp. polysepala, Nuphar variegatum, Nymphaeaodorata,Oplopanaxhorridus, Ostryavirginiana, Petasitesfrigidusvar. sagittatus, Phryma leptostachya, Phytolaccaamericana, Piceaglauca, Piceamariana, Piceasitchensis, Picea sp., Pinus banksiana, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Plantago major, Platantheradilatata var. leucostachys, Polystichumacrostichoides, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Prunus pensylvanica, Prunus serotina, Pulsatillapatens ssp. multifida, Pyrolagrandiflora, Quercusmacrocarpa,Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rhus typhina, Ribes oxyacanthoides, Rubus occidentalis, Rumex aquaticus, Rumex crispus, Rumex orbiculatus, Rumexsalicifolius var. mexicanus, Salixnigra, Salix sp.,Saniculaodorata, Sarracenia purpurea, Shepherdia canadensis,Silphium perfoliatum, Solidagospeciosa var. rigidiuscula, Sorbus americana, Sorbusdecora,Sorbusscopulina, Sorbussitchensis, Sphagnumcapillifolium, Sporobolusheterolepis, Symplocarpus foetidus, Taraxacum officinale, Taxus canadensis,Thuja occidentalis, Toxicodendronpubescens, Trilliumgrandiflorum, Tsuga canadensis, Typha latifolia, Urticadioica ssp. gracilis, Utriculariavulgaris, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Valerianadioica var. sylvatica, Valeriana dioica, Vitisvulpina