Name______Unit 8 ReviewTest Date______

Absolute Monarchy

  1. What is an absolute monarchy?

Absolute power and authority over the government and people

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  1. What is an absolute monarch responsibility to the state?

None. Only to expand empire and make money for self

  1. Describe the following absolute rulers (include country & example)
  2. Charles I- English- dissolve parliament, English Civil War
  3. Phillip II- Spain- expand empire in Americas- fought Protestants and lost
  4. Peter the Great- Russia- Westernized Russia- Continued Serfdom(work for no pay)
  5. Louis XIV- France-“I am the State”- built Palace of Versailles
  6. List the four documents/events that led to limited monarchy in England. (4)

a)Magna Carta

b)English Civil War

c)English Bill of Rights

d)Glorious Revolution-William and Mary

  1. What are two characteristics of a limited monarchy?
  2. King is limited in power
  3. Parliament makes the laws
  1. What right was Cromwell and the Roundheads fighting for?

Parliament to make the laws

Enlightenment

  1. Describe the philosophies of the following enlightenment thinkers:
  1. Jean Jacques Rousseau-Social Contract- Constitution
  2. John Locke Natural Rights-Unalienable rights- Declaration of Independence- Life, liberty, happiness
  3. Baron MontesquieuSeparation of powers- 3 branches of government
  4. Voltaire Religious Tolerance- 1st amendment
  5. Adam Smith Laissez-Faire- Free market economy
  6. William Blackstone Common law- Marriage
  7. Thomas Hobbes Sovereign Authority-Executive Branch-President
  1. Common people became more educated because _Printedbooks were widely available.

Scientific Revolution

  1. All research during the Scientific Revolution was based on using the Scientific Method.
  1. Describe the discovery and describe the impact the following scientist had on science
  1. Francis Bacon- Scientific Method- Observation and experimentation
  2. Galileo GalileiTelescope
  3. Sir Isaac Newton Law of Gravity
  4. Margaret Wollstonecraft Women’s rights- women reason like men so should have rights
  5. Nicholas Copernicus Sun centered universe
  6. Margaret Cavendish Published anonymously
  7. Rene Descartes
  8. Margaret WinkelmannDiscovered comet
  1. Why did female scientists publish their works anonymously instead of claiming their work?

Not taken seriously as women

  1. How does the celestial center of the universe differ between the Ptolemaic and the Copernican universe?

Ptolemaic: earthed centered Copernican: sun centered

  1. “The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions…”

Which philosopher would support this quote? Locke

  1. “There is as yet no liberty if the power of judging be not separated from legislative power and the executrix”

Which philosopher would support this quote? Montesquieu

  1. Would you rather live in an absolute or constitutional (limited) monarchy? WHY?