Name:______

Unit I: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Prescientific Psychology:

1.  What did Socrates and Plato conclude about mind and body?

2.  How did Aristotle’s views differ from that of Socrates and Plato?

3.  Define John Locke’s theory of empiricism.

Psychological Science is Born:

4.  Who established the 1st psychology laboratory?

5.  Who established the 1st psychology laboratory in the U.S.?

6.  This new science of psychology became organized into different branches. What were the EARLY schools of thought?

7.  Define structuralism.

8.  Define functionalism.

9.  How did William James play a role in Mary Whiton Calkins’ life and career? Why did she become significant?

10.  Define experimental psychology.

11.  What are the 2 basic beliefs of behaviorism:

12.  What did Freudian psychology emphasize?

13.  Who led humanistic psychology?

14.  What did humanistic psychologists emphasize?

15.  Define cognitive neuroscience.

16.  Define psychology.

Psychology’s Biggest Question:

17.  What is the nature-nurture controversy?

18.  Explain Darwin’s theory of natural selection.

19.  What is the biopsychosocial approach?

20.  Use your textbook pg. 12 Table 2.1 to fill in the chart below

Perspective / Focus
Behavioral
Biological
Cognitive
Evolutionary
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Social-cultural

Psychology’s subfields:

21.  Define psychometrics.

22.  Who is Dorothea Dix?

23.  Use your textbook to fill in the following chart.

Fields & Subfields of psychology / What they study
Behavioral Psychology
Biological Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Evolutionary Psychology
Psychodynamic Psychology
Social-Cultural Psychology
Psychometrics
Developmental Psychology
Educational Psychology
Personality Psychology
Social Psychology
Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology
Human Factors Psychology
Counseling Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Fields & Subfields of psychology / What they study
Psychiatry
Positive Psychology
Community Psychology

Careers in Psychology:

24.  What is the difference between basic subfields of psychology and applied subfields of psychology?

25.  Use Module 3 to fill in the diagram below.

Basic Research Subfields / Where might they be employed?
Cognitive Psychologists
Developmental Psychologists
Educational psychologists
Experimental Psychologists
Psychometric and Quantitative Psychologists
Social Psychologists

26.  Use Module 3 to fill in the diagram below.

Applied Research Subfields / Where might they work?
Forensic Psychologists
Health Psychologists
Industrial-Organizational Psychologists
Neuropsychologists
Rehabilitation Psychologists
School-Psychologists
Sport Psychologists
The Helping Professions / Where might they work?
Clinical Psychologists
Community Psychologists
Counseling Psychologists

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