GAIN Report - UP7014 Page 2 of 5
Required Report - Public distribution
Date: 7/30/2007
GAIN Report Number: UP7015
UP7014
Ukraine
FAIRS Country Report
Update
2007
Approved by:
W. Garth Thorburn, Agricultural Attaché
U.S. Embassy
Prepared by:
Oleksandr Tarassevych and Olena Pereyatenets, Agricultural Specialists
Report Highlights:
There have been no major changes affecting agricultural product quality, safety, and sanitation regulations in Ukraine since submission of the last report. Only select legislative changes were made, a requirement for Ukraine’s WTO accession. The changes can be found in Chapters II and VI of the report. Appendix X now contains a new list of products subject to compulsory certification.
Includes PSD Changes: No
Includes Trade Matrix: No
Annual Report
Kyiv [UP1]
[UP]
Table of Contents
SECTION I. FOOD LAWS 4
SECTION II. LABELING REQUIREMENTS 5
SECTION III. PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS 6
SECTION IV. FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS 6
SECTION V. PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS 7
SECTION VI. OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS 7
State Sanitary Inspection of Food Products 7
Certification 7
Phytosanitary Inspection 8
Veterinary Inspection 9
Samples shipped via express mail 10
SECTION VII. OTHER SPECIFIC STANDARDS 10
Pet Food and Feed Additives 10
Seeds 11
Special Food Products 11
SECTION VIII. COPYRIGHT AND/OR TRADEMARK LAWS 12
SECTION IX. IMPORT PROCEDURES 12
APPENDIX I. UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT REGULATORY AGENCY CONTACTS 13
Sanitary and hygiene issues related to all food products, MRLs. 13
Animal health issues, safety of all animal products and seafood. 13
Plant health issues 13
Certification and conformity 13
Ecological inspection of animals, birds and radiological inspection of food products 14
Pet Food and Feed Additives Registration 14
Plant Variety Registration 14
Seed Certification 14
Registration of Trade Marks 14
APPENDIX II U.S. GOVERNMENT CONTACT INFORMATION 15
THE U.S. EMBASSY IN UKRAINE 15
The Ambassador 15
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) 15
Foreign Commercial Service (FCS) 15
CONTACTS IN THE UNITED STATES 15
U.S. Department of Agriculture 15
U.S. Department of Commerce 15
APPENDIX III. OTHER IMPORT SPECIALIST CONTACTS 15
Association of International Freight Forwarders of Ukraine (AIFFU) 16
Association of Customs Brokers of Ukraine 16
APPENDIX IV. USEFUL INFORMATION ON UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS AVAILABLE IN ENGLISH 17
Food Safety 17
Veterinary 17
Phytosanitary 17
Customs Clearance Procedures 17
APPENDIX V. EXAMPLE OF A STICK-ON LABEL 18
APPENDIX VI. EXAMPLE OF MULTIPLE LANGUAGE LABEL (ENGLISH, POLISH, CZECH, SLOVAK, SLOVENIAN, BULGARIAN, CROATIAN, RUSSIAN, UKRAINIAN AND LITHUANIAN LANGUAGES) 19
APPENDIX VII. LIST OF FOOD ADDITIVES ALLOWED FOR USE IN FOOD PRODUCTS 20
APPENDIX VIII. FOOD ADDITIVES THAT CAN BE USED IN IMPORTED FOOD PRODUCTS* 23
APPENDIX IX. ILLUSTRATIVE LIST OF THE MRLS CONTROLLED IN MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS 24
APPENDIX X. PRODUCT SPECIFIC CONTROL REQUIREMENTS (BY HS CODE NUMBER) 25
APPENDIX XI. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LEVELS OF CESIUM-137 (137Cs) AND STRONTIUM-90 (90Sr) IN FOOD PRODUCTS AND WATER, Bq/kg 34
APPENDIX XII. ENTRY POINTS INTO UKRAINE AND TYPES OF CONTROL EXERCISED (AS OF JANUARY 1, 2002) 35
APPENDIX XIII. IMPORTED GOODS THAT ARE SUBJECT TO VETERINARIAN CONTROL (ACCORDING TO THE ORDER #71 OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY MEDICINE OF UKRAINE) 36
The Office of Agricultural Affairs of the USDA/Foreign Agricultural Service in Kyiv, Ukraine prepared this report for U.S. exporters of domestic food and agricultural products. While every possible care was taken in the preparation of this report, information provided may not be completely accurate either because policies have changed since its preparation, or because clear and consistent information about these policies was not available. It is highly recommended that U.S. exporters verify the full set of import requirements with their foreign customers, who are normally best equipped to research such matters with local authorities, before any goods are shipped. FINAL IMPORT APPROVAL OF ANY PRODUCT IS SUBJECT TO THE IMPORTING COUNTRY'S RULES AND REGULATIONS AS INTERPRETED BY BORDER OFFICIALS AT THE TIME OF PRODUCT ENTRY.
SECTION I. FOOD LAWS
Ukraine possesses a complicated and costly system of food safety inherited from the Soviet Union. Controls are implemented by various state agencies that often have overlapping functions. The following agencies of the Government of Ukraine (GOU) are involved in assuring the safety of domestically produced and imported food products, and animal and plant health issues:
§ State Epidemiological Service (SES) of the Ministry of Health Care of Ukraine (MHCU) establishes food safety standards and is responsible for ALL aspects of food safety;
§ State Department of Veterinary Medicine (SDVM) of the Ministry of Agricultural Policy of Ukraine (MAPU) is responsible for animal health, safety and wholesomeness of meat, seafood and other products of animal origin;
§ Main State Phytosanitary Inspection Service (MSPIS) of the MAPU is responsible for plant health issues;
§ State Committee of Ukraine on Technical Regulations and Consumer Policy (SCUTRCP) is responsible for compliance of food products with existing quality and safety standards;
§ State Ecological Inspection Service (SEIS) of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine (MENRU) is responsible for radiological and environmental control.
Ukraine is not yet a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and does not notify its trading partners of proposed regulatory changes. Therefore, it is difficult for foreign suppliers to be aware of the most current food safety regulations. Suppliers should work with experienced importers in order to verify most current import requirements prior to shipping to Ukraine. It is expected that Ukraine will comply with the WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement) at the time of accession. Currently, certain sanitary measures used in Ukraine could be considered as non-compliant with provisions of the WTO agreement and/or with the standards established by international standards setting bodies, as well as with internationally accepted trade practices.
Customs clearance and co-related inspections in Ukraine are fee-based and are viewed by many regulatory agencies as a source of additional revenues. Exporters should be prepared for two or more GOU agencies to take samples from their shipment and test for the same safety indicators.
Although the country’s regulatory environment is constantly evolving, most food safety standards have not been revised since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The main document which regulates food safety indicators in Ukraine is the Medical and Biological Requirements and Sanitary Norms of Quality of Raw Food Materials and Food Products that was approved by the Ministry of Health Care of the USSR on August 1, 1989. This document divides all food products into nine major categories: meat, meat products, poultry and eggs; milk and dairy products; fish, fish products and other seafood; bread, pasta and cereals; sugar and confectionary, vegetables, melons and gourds, fruits, berries and processed products of thereof; fat products; drinks and fermented products and other products. The document establishes a set of nutritional (content of protein, energy, carbohydrates, vitamins, micro elements, etc) and safety (maximum residue levels (MRLs) for heavy metals, micro-toxins, antibiotics, hormones, pesticides and microbiological limits) standards for each product category. Ukrainian health authorities have declared their intention to revisit the norms; however, no published information is available at this point.
Imported food products must meet the same requirements as domestically produced foods. While enforcement of food safety norms has been generally effective, outdated nutritional norms have not been rigorously enforced. The list of applicable Ukrainian legislation on food safety available in English is in Appendix IV.
SECTION II. LABELING REQUIREMENTS
All food products sold in Ukraine must be labeled in accordance with the Law of Ukraine On Quality and Safety of Food Products and Food Raw Materials (see Appendix XII for a link to an English version of the Law). The label must contain the following information:
1) Name of food product;
2) Nominal quantity of food product (weight or volume in metric measurements);
3) List of all ingredients in the food product, including other food products and food additives used;
4) Nutritive values and energy, if applicable;
5) Expiry date, or the date of production with indicated shelf life;
6) Storage conditions;
7) Indication of a normative document according to which the product was produced (applicable for domestic food products);
8) Producer’s name, address and place of production;
9) Terms of use (if any);
10) Presence of genetically modified organisms (GMO);
11) Consumption warning for food products by certain consumer categories (children, pregnant, senior people, athletes etc.)
The label must be in the Ukrainian language and meet the above aforementioned requirements; therefore, the product cannot enter Ukraine with only a standard U.S. label.
Stick-on tags that meet Ukrainian food safety law requirements are allowed and can be placed on the side or over the standard U.S. label. A sample of the stick-on tag is provided in Appendix V. There are no restrictions as to the number of languages and some products sold in Ukraine have been labeled with as many as ten European languages (Appendix VI).
Customs authorities require compliance with Ukrainian labeling requirements prior to granting final product clearance. Some importers prefer to deal with products that already contain labels that meet Ukrainian requirements, while others prefer to attach labels in a licensed customs warehouse in Ukraine.
The product’s expiration date (or its shelf life indicated with the date of production) must appear on the label. Although Ukrainian food safety legislation allows producers to determine the shelf life of the product, it is highly advisable to verify with the importer whether it meets the existing Ukrainian technical regulations (GOST or DSTU). There have been some discrepancies between producer-determined shelf life and old Soviet-era technical standards that have allowed the Ukrainian veterinary authorities to block certain seafood products.
The legislation and implementing regulations do not set the rules for label size and format; however, they stipulate that labels must be “easily understood”. It is prohibited to include health claims, make statements targeting particular consumer groups (children, pregnant women, athletes) without prior approval from the MHCU.
Biotechnology content labeling requirements that have been in place since November 2002, were removed in 2007. On May 31, 2007, the Ukrainian parliament (Rada) voted on and adopted the “Law of the State System of Biosafety in Creating, Testing, Transporting and Using Genetically-Modified Organisms”. The law was signed by the President on June 11, 2007 and published on June 21, 2007. The newly adopted law does not establish a system or mechanisms for the creation, testing, transport and use of biotech products. The law only creates a framework for biotech products and will be followed by supplementary decrees or orders that will provide the next steps and implementing regulations. The Biosafety Commission will be responsible for drafting supplementary regulations that will govern the approval and use of GMO products in Ukraine. For more specific details, please refer to FAS-Kyiv report #UP7013.
SECTION III. PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS
As a part of the mandatory state sanitary and hygiene testing, the packaging of imported food products is also checked for transfer of polymers (and other elements) to food products. Regulations on Ukrainian packaging requirements can be obtained from the Institute of Ecohygiene and Toxicology of the MHCU (see Appendix I).
Exporters must consider utilization of used packaging material while planning their shipment to Ukraine. Ukrainian legislation on Waste Products requires the provision on utilization or re-exportation of used packaging materials in the export contract (Article #17, Law # 3073-III dated March 3, 2002).
There are no particular container requirements in Ukraine. Due to small shipment volumes from overseas, exporters should be prepared to ship mixed product loads in one container. A separate health or veterinary certificate for each homogenous product lot in the container is required. Odessa and Illichivsk Sea Ports are by far the largest ports for handling containerized cargoes in Ukraine and can accept general-purpose containers. Both ports can handle refrigerated containers. It is highly advisable to verify with the freight forwarder whether or not other ports can process a particular cargo, pallet or container size.
In cases where U.S. legislation allows for reuse of packaging, all old labels must be completely removed from the boxes found within a container. FAS-Kyiv is aware of cases when double labeling caused problems for a U.S. exporter. Separate packaging or disinfectant requirements apply to many products subject to veterinary control. In such cases the requirements are clearly indicated in the bilateral health certificate (see Veterinary Inspection Chapter in the Section VI).
SECTION IV. FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS
Ukraine is a CODEX Alimentarius Commission member, but it maintains its own positive list of food additives. Recommendations of the CODEX Alimentarius Commission, an international food safety standard setting body, are considered in approving new food additives; however, the MHCU conducts its own risk assessment for each new substance. The list of approved food additives in Ukraine is provided in Appendix VII. It is prohibited to import food products into Ukraine that contain food additives that have not received approval from MHCU.
There are four food additives, which are not on the list of approved additives, but which have been cleared for use in imported products. The Ukrainian sanitary authorities have conducted a food safety risk assessment and have established “maximum allowable levels” (MAL) in order to monitor imported food products (Appendix VIII). Importers of food products that contain non-registered food additives may seek their registration with the MHCU. There is no information available on the MAL for approved food additives since the GOU discontinued publishing them in January 1999.
SECTION V. PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS
Ukraine establishes its own Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for chemical and biological contaminants in food products. An illustrative list of MRLs controlled by the GOU in meat products is provided in Appendix IX. The Ukrainian sanitary service recognizes the norms established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for non-registered pesticides in the case of imported foods.
The use of officially registered pesticides and their application procedures are controlled by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR) using the norms established by the MHCU. The MENR publishes the Catalogue of Pesticides and Agricultural Chemicals Allowed for Use in Ukraine every year. The Catalogue lists all registered pesticides by brand name, active ingredients, MRLs in different agricultural products, water, soil and air. Agricultural chemicals not listed in the catalogue cannot be used domestically, and no residues in agricultural products are allowed.
SECTION VI. OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
Agricultural and food products imported into the customs territory of Ukraine shall be subject to sanitary testing, compulsory certification, radiological, veterinary and/or phytosanitary inspections. Due to the complexity of Ukrainian food safety regulations, FAS Kyiv has prepared a single table to illustrate the types of controls exercised on imported products by the Harmonized System (HS) of Codes (Appendix X). Sanitary and veterinary inspections have been combined into one category for convenience, although, a separate veterinary inspection is conducted for the products that fall under the following HS categories: 01-05; 07; 10; 12; 14-16; 19; 21 and 23.