/* Cover Page, Not to be printed just comment */
Thesis on
Topic
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
Master of Technology
In
Computer Science & Engineering
Submitted By
Name
Roll no:
Under the Supervision of
Name of Guide
Designation
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Gadholi – 133103 (Yamuna Nagar)
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, INDIA
(Session: 2013-2015)
/* Inside Page 1, Not to be printed in the report, just comment*/
Thesis on
Topic
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
Master of Technology
In
Computer Science & Engineering
Submitted By
Name
Roll no:
Under the Supervision of
Name of Guide
Designation
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Gadholi – 133103 (Yamuna Nagar)
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, INDIA
(Session: 2013-2015)
/* Inside Page 2, Not to be printed in the report, just comment*/
Thesis on
Topic
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
Master of Technology
In
Computer Science & Engineering
Submitted By
Name
Roll no:
Under the Supervision of
Name of Guide
Designation
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Gadholi – 133103 (Yamuna Nagar)
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, INDIA
(Session: 2013-2015)
YAMUNA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Village Gadholi, P.O. Gadhola, Distt. Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana
Approved by Haryana Govt. and All India Council for Technical Education(AICTE)
Affiliated to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
CANDIDATE DECLARATION
I herby certify that the dissertation entitled “<Title>” in fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Master of Technology and submitted to the Department of <Name of Engineering of Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gadholi, affiliated to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra is an authentic record of my own work, carried out during the period from Jan 2014 to June 2014, under the supervision of <Name of Guide>, Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gadholi, Yamuna Nagar.
The matter presented in this dissertation has not been submitted by me in any other Institute/University for award of any other degree.
<Name of Student>
ROLL NO. :
This is to certify that the above statements made by the candidate are correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.
<Name of Guide>
Department of <Branch>
The M.Tech. viva-voce examination of <Name of Student> has been held on …………………….. and is accepted.
External Examiner Head of Deptt. (<Branch>)
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those people who have given their heart willing support in making this completion a magnificent experience.
I am thankful to <Name of HOD>, H.O.D, Department of <Branch Name>, Yamuna Institute of Engineering & Technology for providing us good and healthy environment for the preparation of this dissertation.
I am also thankful to my dissertation guide <Guide Name>, Department of <Branch Name> for his timely comments and suggestions. He advised on the details of my work and gave invaluable discussions. Without the guidance of my supervisor, this dissertation may not have well materialized.
I am really grateful to my parents for their support, appreciation and encouragement. A very special acknowledgement to authors of various research papers and books which helped me a lot.
Student Name
Roll No. : ______
ABSTRACT
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a collection of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically exchange data among themselves without the reliance on a fixed base station or a wired backbone network.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv-v
LIST OF PAPERS PUBLISHED vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii-viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x
Chapter1 INTRODUCTION 1-26
1.1 Introduction of MANETS 1
1.2 Types of MANETS 1
1.2.1 Proactive Protocol 2
1.2.2 Reactive Protocol 3
1.2.3 Hybrid Protocol 3
1.3 Characteristics of MANETS 4
1.4 Advantages of MANETS 5
1.5 Disadvantages of MANETS 6
1.6 Classification of routing Protocols 7
1.6.1 Unipath Routing 7
1.6.2 Multi-path Routing 8
1.7 Protocols 9
1.7.1 DSR 9
1.7.2 AODV 10
1.7.3 AOMDV 12
1.7.4 AODVM 17
1.7.5 SMORT 20
1.7.6 MDART 22
1.7.7 TORA 24
1.7.8 SMR 25
1.8 Comparison between different Unipath and Multi-path 25
Routing Protocols
Chapter2 LITERATURE: A REVIEW 26-34
Chapter3 PROBLEM FORMULATION 35-36
3.1 Introduction to Problem Formulation 35
3.2 Objective 35
3.3 Problem Solution 36
Chapter4 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS 37-54
4.1 Introduction of NS-2 37
4.2 Modules used in Implementation 38
4.3 Results and Analysis 42
4.4 Performance Evaluation 49
4.5 Simulation Results 50
Chapter5 CONCLUSION 55
5.1 Conclusion 55
5.2 Future Scope 55
REFERENCES 56-60
LIST OF PAPER PUBLISHED
1. Sucheta Sharma, Gurpreet Singh, “Simulative Contemplation of AODV, AOMDV and MDART Protocols”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology(IJAERT), Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 73-78, May 2014.
2. Sucheta Sharma, Gurpreet Singh, Amanpreet Kaur, “Study Based Comparison of Multi-Path Routing Protocols in MANETs”, In the proceedings 2nd International Conference on Futuristic trends in Engineering & Management 2014 (ICFTEM-2014), pp. 191-196, 3-4, May 2014.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. / Title / Page No.Figure 1.1 / Types of MANETS / 2
Figure 1.2 / Route Discovery Process / 11
Figure 1.3 / Route Maintenance Process / 12
Figure 1.4 / Loop Problem in AODV / 15
Figure 1.5 / Link Disjoint Path Computation / 16
Figure 1.6 / AODVM RREQ by source with the RREQ-tables of node A,B and C / 18
Figure 1.7 / AODVM - RREQ broadcast by node B / 18
Figure 1.8 / AODVM - Destination reacts on the RREQ / 19
Figure 1.9 / AODVM – Overhearing / 19
Figure 1.10 / AODVM - After the route discovery process / 20
Figure 1.11-I / Multiple fail-safe paths / 21
Figure 1.11-II / Route-reply packet format / 21
Figure 1.12 / Relationship between Address space Overlay and Physical topology / 24
Figure 4.1 / Directory Structure of NS-2 / 37
Figure 4.2 / User’s View of NS2 / 38
Figure 4.3 / Languages of NS-2 / 39
Figure 4.4 / Snapshot of Running the Tcl, NAM and Trace file commands / 43
Figure 4.5 / Snapshot of NAM file of AODV for 70 nodes / 44
Figure 4.6 / Format of trace file / 44
Figure 4.7 / Snapshot of NAM file of MDART for 50 nodes / 46
Figure 4.8 / Snapshot of AODV Network / 48
Figure 4.9 / Snapshot of AOMDV Network / 48
Figure 4.10 / Snapshot of MDART Network / 49
Figure 4.11 / Average Throughput / 50
Figure 4.12 / Average Delay / 51
Figure 4.13 / Number Of Packets Send / 52
Figure 4.14 / Delivery Ratio Of Packets / 53
Figure 4.15 / Number of Packets Dropped / 53
Figure 4.16 / Average Jitter / 54
LIST OF TABLES
Table / Title / Page No.Table 1.1 / Comparison between different Unipath and Multipath Routing Protocols / 26
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Full Form
AODV / Ad hoc On-Demand Distance VectorAODVH / Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Hybrid
AODVM / Ad hoc Over Distance Vector Multipath
AOMDV / Ad hoc On- Demand Multipath
CGSR / Cluster Head Gateway Switch Routing
DHT / Distributed Hash Table
DSDV / Destination sequence Distance Vector
DSR / Dynamic State Routing
FSR / Fish eye State Routing
LAN / Local Area Network
MANET / Mobile Ad hoc Network
MDART / Multipath Dynamic Address Routing
NAM / Network Animator
NS-2 / Network Simulator
OTCL / Object Oriented Tool Command Language
RERR / Route Error
RREP / Route Reply
RREQ / Route Request
SMORT / Scalable Multipath On-Demand Routing
SMR / Split Multipath Routing
SPDA / Stability Based Partially Disjoint AOMDV
TCP / Transmission Control Protocol
TORA / Highly Adaptive Distributive Routing Algorithm
VANET / Vehicular Ad hoc Network
Wi-Fi / Wireless Fidelity
ZRP / Zone Routing Protocol
REPORT FORMAT
1. The Report should have HARD binding in Sea Green with black text on it.
2. The Report Page should have margins with a setup (Top – 1” , Bottom -1” , Left – 1.5” & Right – 1”). The same Page Setup must be applicable to Bullets and Numbering.
3. The Report should be neatly typed on single side of A4 size executive bond paper.
4. Chapter Number & Name should be of font size 16 Bold, in capital letters, Times New Roman, Center aligned. Heading should be of font size 16, Bold in capital letters, Times New Roman and left aligned. Subheading should be of font size 14, Bold, in capital letters, Times New Roman and left aligned.
5. The Contents of the report should be of font size 12, Times New Roman and Aligned Justified.
6. Line Spacing should be of 1.5.
7. All the figures should be in center, numbered and named according to chapter no. and on the bottom of the figure. for example: third figure of 4th chapter should be numbered as:
Figure 4.3: Caption
8. All the tables should be in Center, Numbered and Named according to Chapter No. on the top of the table.
9. All the pages should be numbered in Center Bottom. The page numbering should be in numerals (i.e., 1, 2, 3...... ) starting from ‘Chapter no.1’.
10. No Extra Space should be there on top and bottom of the paper.
11. References should be in alphabetical order (includes links, books, manuals etc) and page number is not required on this page. The format for the reference should be
[1] Sucheta Sharma, Gurpreet Singh, “Simulative Contemplation of AODV, AOMDV and MDART Protocols”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology(IJAERT), Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 73-78, May 2014.
[2] Sucheta Sharma, Gurpreet Singh, Amanpreet Kaur, “Study Based Comparison of Multi-Path Routing Protocols in MANETs”, In the proceedings 2nd International Conference on Futuristic trends in Engineering & Management 2014 (ICFTEM-2014), pp. 191-196, 3-4, May 2014.
[3] Davide Cerri, Allessandro Ghioni, “Securing AODV: The A-SAODV Secure Routing Prototype”, IEEE Communication Magazine, Volume 46, Issue 2, pp. 120-125, February 2008.
THE SEQUENCE OF THE REPORT SHOULD BE
· Front page without numbering (As enclosed with the format).
· Student’s Declaration Certificate (To ensure that the work done by student is his/her own effort)
· Acknowledgements
· Abstract
· Table of contents
· List of Papers Published
· List of Figures (if any- numbering in Romans).
· List of Tables (if any- numbering in Romans).
· List of Abbreviations if any (numbering in Romans).
CHAPTER 1: Introduction
CHAPTER 2: Literature Review
CHAPTER 3: Problem Formulation
CHAPTER 4: Implementation and Results (screenshots in proper sequence with description and numbering)
CHAPTER 5: Conclusion
References