Chapter 8 Section 2

Name 10 jobs. http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/rankings/the-100-best-jobs

Unskilled labor / Workers that do not require people with special training and skills. Usually work with their hands
Semiskilled labor / Cleaning equipment, lawnmowers, etc / Require enough mechanical skills to operate machines for which they need a minimum, amount of training.
Skilled labor / Operate complex equipment that requires training. Perform most of their taxks with little supervision. Higher investment in education
Professional labor / Highest level of knowledge-based education and managerial skills

Examples Define

Market theory of Wage determination: Wages are based upon supply and demand for a workers skills and services.

If we allow the supply and demand to determine the wages then the equilibrium wage will determine the pay.

Who would help negotiate wages and help establish acceptable wages between the employees and employers? Explain.

Unions, the union representative would sit down at a negotiating table and argue for the protection of worker’s wages, benefits and safe conditions.

Do you think job seniority should be rewarded with higher wages? Explain. If someone stays at a job for a long time they become a wealth of information. They have knowledge for new workers that cannot be learned in a class or textbook and their experience is of value.

Or

New workers sometimes bring a fresh new way of handling old problems. Age or seniority does not always mean a value to the industry or business.

How do you become a union representative? Representatives are elected by the members of the Unions

The way the parties decide to settle problems they have that occur after the collective bargaining meetings is called a _grievance procedure .

Mediation must not be biased. Explain The mediator that has been selected must not show a preference for either side. They must not have an interest in either party. He/she will listen to both parties and before what action is taken? Is a mediation binding? NO

Arbitration is also a presentation of a problem before arbitrator Is the decision reached by the arbitrator binding? YES

Fact – Finding : an agreement between union and management to have 3rd party collect evidence regarding dispute.

The court maybe brought into the debates between employees and employers. The court may stop the actions of the unions (strikes) or the actions of the employers (lockouts ) by issuing an injunction .

The Court may see fit to overtake the business until the parties can reach an agreement. This is called a Federal Takeover .

President Theodore Roosevelt was the first to threaten a Presidential intervention. IF the strike or lockout is going to threaten the safety of the public, he/she may enter the negotiations and even have the power to stop the strike. Give an example: President Ronald Reagan fired striking air traffic controllers because they were federal employees who had gone on strike after taking an oath not to do so.

When should a President intervene in a labor-management dispute?

Should the governor of a state intervene in a teacher strike? Explain

Sec 3

1.  Give reasons why labor unions do not have the control they once had.

Employers are determined to keep the unions out of their businesses, new additions to the labor force, (women and teenagers) are use to making less, higher wages result in higher cost for products

2.  Why would a worker agree to give up a benefit such as vacation time when it came time for renegotiation of an employment contract?

To keep their jobs sometimes workers give back in order to keep the company in business

3.  Explain the two-tier wage system.

System that keeps higher wages for current workers but has a lower wage for newly hired employees

4.  What are some reasons why women have received lower pay than men?

Argument has always been that they go in and out of the job market as a result of raising children, they also show lowers levels of education,

5.  What has happened to an employee that has reached the glass ceiling?

When a employee reaching the glass ceiling, it is believed that they have made as much advancement in the business as is going to be possible either based on their race, gender, or education level

6.  Refer to the diagram on page 218. In which occupations do women make up between 60 and 80 percent of the workforce? Which occupations do you see changing in the new future to include more males?

Men: Protective services, farming, transportation and material moving, engineering, installation, maintenance, construction

Women: Education, health care practitioner, office support, personal care and health care support

7.  Who would you contact if you felt like you were being paid less for a job because of your sex or race?

EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity commission

8.  How does the government attempt to help small minority owned businesses achieve success in the market?

Government set-aside contract, a guaranteed contract for a certain targeted group. Such as defense contracts being reserved for minority owned businesses.

9.  How does the theory of laissez faire apply to the government controlled minimum wage?

Laissez faire would not want the government to establish minimum wages for federal or state levels. They would expect the market to establish the wages.

10.  Inflation continues upward but sometimes the minimum wages does NOT. Does the minimum wage have to increase in order to have the same buying power? Explain your response.

Most definitely.