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Chapter 29 Foldable Work Comparing Invertebrates
Foldable #1….Hotdog Foldable…Titled “Evolutionary Trends”…and 5 more tabs:
OUTSIDE: Specialized Cells, Tissues & Organs; INSIDE: (the first three sentences under this heading on page 748)
OUTSIDE: Body Symmetry; INSIDE: (the key concept & the two sentences that follow it on page 748)
OUTSIDE: Cephalization; INSIDE: (the key concept under this heading and the two sentences that follow it on page 748);
OUTSIDE: Segmentation; INSIDE: (the first sentence under this heading)
OUTSDIE: Coelom Formation; INSIDE: (The last three sentences (including the key concept) under this heading on page 749)
Foldable #2…Three tabs…
OUTSIDE: Feeding & Digestion; INSIDE: (Key Concept page 751)
OUTSIDE: Intracelluar Digestion; INSIDE: (Use glossary to write definition)
OUTSIDE: Extracelluar Digestion; INSIDE: (Use glossary to write definition)
Foldable #3…
OUTSIDE: Respiration; INSIDE: ( First sentence under this heading AND Key Concept page 752)
OUTSIDE: Aquatic Invertebrates; INSIDE: Many animals respire through their skins, which must stay moist. For most active animals larger than worms, skin respiration alone is not sufficient. In this case gills are needed because they expose a larger surface area to the water for gas exchange.
OUTSIDE: Terrestrial Invertebrates; INSIDE: Their respiratory surfaces are covered with water or mucus to minimize water loss. In addition, air is moistened as it travels through the body to the respiratory surface. Terrestrial Invertebrates have several types of respiratory surfaces: Land Snails= Mantle Cavity; Spiders= Book Lungs; Insects air enters body through Spiracles;
Foldable #4…three tabs
OUTSIDE: Circulation; INSIDE: (Key Concept page 754)
OUTSIDE: Open Circulatory System INSIDE: (Define according to glossary)
OUTSIDE: Closed Circulatory System INSIDE: (Define according to glossary)
Foldable #5…
OUTSIDE: Excretion INSIDE: Multicellular animals must control the amount of water in their tissues. At the same time they must get rid of ammonia. *Most animals have an excretory system that rids the body of metabolic wastes while controlling the amount of water in the tissues.
OUTSIDE: In aquatic invertebrates… INSIDE: ammonia diffuses from their body tissues into the surrounding water.
OUTSIDE: In terrestrial invertebrates…INSIDE: they have to conserve water while removing wastes. So they convert ammonia into urea. The urea is eliminated from the body in urine. Others convert ammonia into uric acid which combines with digestive wastes and forms a thick paste that leaves the body through the rectum.
Foldable #6…
OUTSIDE: RESPONSE INSIDE: (Key Concept page 756 under this heading)
OUTSIDE: SIMPLE NERVOUS SYSTEM
INSIDE: Nerve Nets-individual nerve cells that form a net-like arrangement through-out the animal’s body. Clumps of nerve tissue are called “Ganglia” and are often organized into simple brains. The concentration of nerve tissue and organs in one end of the body is called “cephalization”.
OUTSIDE: COMPLEX NERVOUS SYSTEM
INSIDE: The more complex an animal’s nervous system, the more developed it’s sense organs tend to be. Complex animals have a variety of specialized sense organs that detect light, sound, chemicals, movement, & even electricity to help them discover what is happening around them.
Foldable #7…
OUTSIDE: Movement & Support INSIDE: (Key concept page 756 under this heading)
OUTSIDE: Hyrdostatic Skeletons INSIDE: (define this term using the glossary)
OUTSIDE: Exoskeleton INSIDE: (define this term using the glossary)
OUTSIDE: Endoskeleton INSIDE: (define this term using the glossary)
Foldable #8…
OUTSIDE: REPRODUCTION INSIDE: (key concept page 757)
OUTSIDE: External Fertilization INSIDE:(define this term using the glossary)
OUTSIDE: Internal Fertilization INSIDE:(define this term using the glossary)