MTX 2 QA Practice / Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor: / Summer 2014
66029 3 Units
NVC 1630
MTWTh 8:00 AM – 9:50 AM
RIDDELL
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 7 Human Health and Toxicology
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 8 Human Population
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 9 Urbanization
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 10 Energy
1. Which of the following problems is commonly shared by cities in both highly developed and developing countries?
a) lack of adequate medical facilities
b) lack of adequate clean water
c) lack of adequate technology
d) lack of adequate schools
e) lack of adequate shelter
Ans: e
2. Mexico City:
a) is representative of urbanization in a developing country
b) is a good example of a megacity
c) was one of the 10 largest cities in the world in 2005
d) had a population of 19.4 million in 2005
e) all of these
Ans: e
3. What percentage of the U.S. population lives in cities?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 79%
d) 85%
e) 100%
Ans: c
4. Urbanization:
a) is growing more quickly in developing countries than in developed countries
b) currently accounts for housing about 75% of the global population
c) results in fewer employment opportunities in developed countries as compared to rural areas
d) refers to the migration of city people to the country to enjoy country living
e) describes a grouping of 10,000 or more individuals
Ans: a
5. The young age structure of urban areas can be attributed to:
a) high birth rates in urban areas
b) influx of young people from rural areas
c) high death rates in urban areas
d) the presence of more females than males in urban areas
e) shortened life expectancy of urban dwellers
Ans: b
6. Unlike people who live in urban areas, people who live in rural areas:
a) are employed in occupations which involve industrial labor
b) are far more heterogeneous with respect to race
c) are far more heterogeneous with respect to religion
d) are generally younger than those in the surrounding cities
e) are employed in occupations which involve harvesting natural resources
Ans: e
7. The process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities is termed:
a) high density accommodation
b) rural redistribution
c) urbanization
d) metropolitan relocation
e) municipality magnetism
Ans: c
8. Sustainable urban development ideally involves:
a) green space
b) recycling
c) urban farmers
d) solar energy
e) all of these
Ans: e
9. What is gentrification?
a) The movement of wealthier people back to older, run-down homes that have been renovated.
b) The remaining of people in the city and older suburbs who find themselves the victims of declining property values and increasing isolation from suburban jobs.
c) The movement of more affluent citizens to the suburbs to avoid the noise and pollution of inner cities.
d) The remaining of people in the inner city because of prejudice encountered when they seek to move out to suburban neighborhoods.
e) The movement of people to the suburbs to pay less in terms of taxes but more in terms of transportation costs.
Ans: a
10. A brownfield is an urban area of:
a) vacant house lots that are overgrown with weeds and vegetation
b) parking lot pavement that collects heat during the day and emits heat at night
c) meadows that are earmarked for industrial development
d) sports arenas for baseball, football, and soccer
e) abandoned, vacant factories, warehouses, and residential sites that may be contaminated from past uses
Ans: e
11. Currently the percentage of people living in cities, compared with rural settings, in highly developed countries is ______than that in developing countries.
a) less than
b) greater than
c) the same as
d) rapidly increasing while slowing
e) stagnant while slowing
Ans: b
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 11 Fossil Fuels
12. Based on the figure below, which region of the world has the third-largest oil deposits?a) North America
b) Africa
c) Asia and Oceania
d) East Europe and former U.S.S.R.
e) South and Central America
Ans: d
13. Which of these fossil fuels was/were formed from the remains of ancient microscopic algae and aquatic organisms?
a) oil
b) natural gas
c) gas hydrates
d) methane
e) all of these
Ans: e
14. Combustion of which of these fossil fuels is/are linked to global warming?
a) oil
b) natural gas
c) coal
d) methane
e) all of these
Ans: e
15. Which fossil fuel reserves will most likely last the longest?
a) oil
b) natural gas
c) coal
d) peat
e) uranium
Ans: c
16. Which fossil fuel is most abundant in North America?
a) oil
b) natural gas
c) uranium
d) coal
e) peat
Ans: d
17. The type of fossil fuel made from the remains of ancient plants that lived millions of years ago is:
a) peat
b) coal
c) oil
d) natural gas
e) synfuel
Ans: b
18. At the current rate of consumption, the world's coal reserves could last for possibly another:
a) 20 years
b) 50 years
c) 100 years
d) 200 years
e) 500 years
Ans: d
19. The concern about global warming is directly related to increased levels of what chemical in the atmosphere?
a) mercury
b) carbon dioxide
c) sulfur oxide
d) nitrogen oxide
e) chlorofluorocarbon
Ans: b
20. Today the world's main energy source is:
a) coal
b) hydroelectric
c) natural gas
d) nuclear
e) oil
Ans: e
21. How has the burning of fossil fuels affected the global carbon cycle?
a) less carbon is stored underground
b) carbon is stored underground for longer periods of time
c) the amount of carbon taken up by plants has decreased
d) the total amount of carbon on earth has increased
e) the carbon cycle has slowed down
Ans: a
22. The greatest increase in worldwide energy consumption in the last few years is related to:
a) American fascination with driving SUVs
b) economic development in China and India
c) use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture
d) increase in population in Africa
e) global warming
Ans: b
23. A major reason that global energy consumption is increasing is that:
a) energy prices keep falling
b) developing countries are using more energy as they improve their standard of living
c) the world's population growth is slowing
d) global energy reserves are increasing
e) farmers in developing countries depend on the energy of animals for plowing and other work
Ans: b
24. One of the most destructive types of surface mining for the land itself:
a) is mountaintop removal using a dragline
b) is associated with the increased risk of black-lung disease in miners
c) is regulated by the guidelines of the 1977 Surface Mining and Reclamation Act
d) is most common in the western United States
e) involves replacement of the overburden that is first removed
Ans: a
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 12 Nuclear and Renewable Energy
25. Nuclear energy:
a) is released when the chemical bonds that hold atoms together are changed
b) involves changes within the nuclei of atoms
c) involves converting a large amount of matter from the nucleus into a small amount of energy
d) results in the production of greater mass at the end of the energy process
e) all of these
Ans: b
26. Nuclear fission:
a) is a form of combustion
b) is the blending or "melting together" of two small atoms to form a large atom
c) is the splitting of a large atom into two smaller atoms of different elements
d) is the rearrangement of electrons that occurs during a chemical reaction
e) is the process that powers the sun and other stars
Ans: c
27. The half-life of a radioactive element is the period of time required:
a) to convert half of a given mass into radioisotopes
b) to extract one-half of the energy from the Earth's uranium supply
c) for one half of the total amount of a radioactive substance to change into a different material
d) for the sun to us up one-half of its available atomic resources
e) none of these
Ans: c
28. The process of refining uranium ore and insuring the proper amounts of various types of uranium is called:
a) breeding
b) fabrication
c) enrichment
d) fission
e) integration
Ans: c
29. A reactor vessel in a nuclear power plant is:
a) the protective structure surrounding the reactor core
b) the container used to store spent fuel rods
c) used to control the fission process in the reactor core
d) the site of steam and electricity production
e) the standard location for on-site waste storage
Ans: a
30. When high temperatures begin to melt the metal encasing of the uranium fuel pellets, this is called a:
a) breeder reaction
b) fission reaction
c) fusion reaction
d) meltdown
e) flame out
Ans: d
31. The worst nuclear accident ever to happen at a nuclear power plant occurred at:
a) Bristol, England
b) Chornobyl, Ukraine
c) Fukishima, Japan
d) Savanna River, GA
e) Three Mile Island, PA
Ans: b
32. All of the following are related to NIMBY response except:
a) not in my back yard
b) it commonly is a response to the proposal for a nuclear power plant
c) politicians and their term of office
d) is the “sister” response to NIMTOO
e) all of these are related
Ans: c
Difficulty: Easy
33. One advantage of conventional nuclear power, when compared to coal, is:
a) no connection to water pollution
b) limited risk from catastrophic accidents
c) emission of few pollutants to the atmosphere
d) no related occupational death
e) unlimited supply
Ans: c
Difficulty: Medium
Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl: Environment, 7th Edition
Chapter 13 Water
1) Water:
a) is composed only of hydrogen atoms.
b) is composed only of oxygen atoms.
c) is composed of two atoms of oxygen and one atom of hydrogen.
d) is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.
e) is composed of two atoms of helium and one atom of oxygen.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 13.1.0 Draw the hydrologic cycle.
Learning Objective 2: LO 13.1.1 Describe the structure of a water molecule, explaining how hydrogen bonds form between adjacent water molecules.
Section Reference 1: 13.1 The Importance of Water
2) The basis for most of water's physical properties is/are:
a) its non-polar structure.
b) the hydrogen bonds between adjacent molecules.
c) ionic bonds.
d) its status as a positive ion.
e) All of these choices are correct
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 13.1.0 Draw the hydrologic cycle.
Learning Objective 2: LO 13.1.1 Describe the structure of a water molecule, explaining how hydrogen bonds form between adjacent water molecules.
Section Reference 1: 13.1 The Importance of Water
3) Water:
a) is a nonpolar molecule.
b) is composed of helium and oxygen atoms.
c) is a poor solvent.
d) expands when it cools.
e) freezes from the top down.
Answer: e
6) An area of land that is drained by a single river is called a/an:
a) wetland.
b) aquifer.
c) watershed.
d) drainage basin.
e) both watershed and drainage basin
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 13.1.0 Draw the hydrologic cycle.
Learning Objective 2: LO 13.1.3 Describe surface water and groundwater.
Section Reference 1: 13.1 The Importance of Water
7) The upper limit of an unconfined underground reservoir of water is termed the:
a) aquifer.
b) water table.
c) watershed.
d) wetland.
e) groundwater.
Answer: b
8) Which of the following best describes groundwater?
a) water flowing through permeable rocks and sediments
b) water found in lakes and rivers
c) water moving from precipitation over the ground to rivers and lakes
d) water that is completely independent of surface water
e) water found above the water table
Answer: a
9) The greatest use of fresh water is for:
a) irrigation.
b) industry.
c) small businesses.
d) homes.
e) mining.
Answer: a
10) A flood plain describes the area bordering a river channel ______.
a) where no building construction is allowed
b) that is likely to flood
c) that is flooded after a dam is constructed
d) where periodic floods remove nutrients from the soil
e) where plant cover should be removed to reduce flooding
Answer: b
11) When the Mississippi River flooded in 2008,
a) it was the first time such floods affected Minnesota, Wisconsin, or Iowa.
b) sandbags and levees prevented major damage.
c) it was only the latest in a series of major floods along that particular river.
d) wetlands prevented the water from receding quickly.
e) it affected relatively few people.
Answer: c
12) Which of the following is the most effective way to reduce flood-related damage?
a) creating exposed, barren hillsides by clear cutting woodlands
b) constructing new buildings
c) building expensive levees
d) restricting development on flood plains
e) paving new roads
Answer: d
13) The effects of flooding are more destructive today than in the past because:
a) the use of levees has been determined to be an unsound engineering practice.
b) retaining walls are too expensive to build in all of the appropriate locations.
c) buildings are constructed on flood plains.
d) soil with plant cover is ineffective in absorbing excess water.
e) roads and buildings effectively absorb and slow water flow.
Answer: c
Learning Objective 1: LO 13.2.0 Discuss how humans have impacted the hydrologic cycle.
14) Which of the following human actions or features does NOT significantly contribute to flooding?
a) deforestation
b) draining of wetlands
c) paving surfaces for roads and parking
d) zoning restrictions
e) all of these significantly contribute to flooding
Answer: d
15) A flood plain has the potential to flood. Why is this a problem?
a) floods are caused by drought cycles in the weather