AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 14, Chapter 42 (13th Ed.)
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The American People Face A New Century
Chapter 42 Themes:
Theme: The United States underwent drastic economic and social change in the final decades of the twentieth century. The economic transformation from an industrial age to an information age produced new economic advances as well as a rapidly increasing income gap between the wealthy and the poor. Changes in women’s roles, the family, and the arrival of new immigrant groups substantially altered the ways Americans live and work.
Theme: Despite the weaknesses of television and problems in U.S. education, American culture, literature, and art remained the most dynamic and influential in the world. The new diversity of gender, ethnic, and racial voices contributed to the vital energy that made American democracy not simply a political system but an ever-changing source of fresh ideas and popular images.
After studying Chapter 42 in your textbook, you should be able to:
1. Describe the changing shape of the American economy and work force, and the new social and ethical challenges facing the United States in a global economy dominated by high technology and scientific innovation.
2. Explain the impact of the feminist revolution on women’s roles and on American society as a whole.
3. Analyze the changing structure and character of American families, and explain the social consequences of the “aging of America.”
4. Describe the impact of the great wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America since the 1970s, and the challenge it posed to the traditional ideals of the “melting pot.”
5. Describe the difficulties and challenges facing American cities, including the increasing split between central cities and outer suburbs.
6. Describe the changing condition of African-Americans in American politics and society, including the impact of economic differences within the African American community.
7. Discuss the major developments in American though, culture and the arts since the 1970s.
Know the following people and terms. Consider the historical significance of each term or person. Also note the dates of the event if that is pertinent.
A. People
+Jonas Salk
+James D. Watson
Cesar Chavez
Condoleezza Rice
Carol Moseley-Braun
Norman MacLean
Toni Morrison
Maxine Hong Kingston
Frank McCourt
Sandra Cisneros
Jackson Pollock
David Mamet
+Frank Lloyd Wright
Eero Saarinen
L. Douglas Wilder
Frank Gehry
+Bill Gates
+Sam Walton
+=One of the 100 Most Influential Americans of All Time, as ranked by The Atlantic. Go to Webpage to see all 100.
B. Terms:
information age
biosphere
nuclear family
“mommy wars”
“dot.com” business
“outsourcing”
stem cell research
abstract expressionism
pop art
postmodernism
Big Science
“politically correct”
gender gap
multiculturalism
cell phone
internet
Human Genome Project
Microsoft Corporation
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
United Farm Workers Organizing Committee
Exxon Valdez
National Endowment for the Arts
C. Voices from the recent past:
“Sí se puede,” which means “Yes, it can be done.” - Cesar Chavez' motto.
"Television is bubble-gum for the mind" - Frank Lloyd Wright
“Being ‘Politically Correct’ means always having to say you're sorry.” - Charles Osgood
"Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that." –
Martin Luther King, Jr.
“In America any boy may become President and I suppose it's just one of the risks he takes.”
Adlai E. Stevenson Jr. (1900 - 1965), Speech in Indianapolis, 26 Sept. 1952
“Freedom is when the people can speak; democracy is when the government listens.” A Doctoral candidate at the University of Waterloo
“Individual rights are not subject to a public vote; a majority has no right to vote away the rights of a minority; the political function of rights is precisely to protect minorities from oppression by majorities (and the smallest minority on earth is the individual).” - author Ayn Rand
“A citizen of America will cross the ocean to fight for democracy, but won't cross the street to vote in a national election.” - Bill Vaughan (1915-1977) US journalist, author
“If there is a book you really want to read but it hasn’t been written yet, then you must write it.” – Toni Morrison
"We, the people." It is a very eloquent beginning. But when that document was completed on the seventeenth of September in 1787 I was not included in that "We, the people." I felt somehow for many years that George Washington and Alexander Hamilton just left me out by mistake. But through the process of amendment, interpretation and court decision I have finally been included in "We, the people."
African-American Barbara C. Jordan (1936-1996), July 25, 1974. Elected to the Texas state senate in 1966-the first since 1883. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1972.
D. America in Transition: Maps and Charts
Total U.S. Immigration 1820-2004Source: Immigration and Naturalization Services
http://uscis.gov/graphics/shared/statistics/yearbook/YrBk04Im.htm
Foreign Born Persons as a Percentage of U.S. Population 1850-2003
Source: Census Bureau
http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/foreign/ppl-174/tab01-01.xls and http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0029/tab01.html
Increase in Illegal Immigrant Population (1986-2004)
Source: CRS Summary of Research and Pew Report
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/39561.pdf and http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/46.pdf
Time Magazine, November 18, 1993