Swine Production
SWINE FACTS
1. Swine are popular because of their ______- pork.
- They reproduce at a ______rate, grow ______, require ______amounts of labor, and give a ______return on investment.
- Pork is referred to as: the other ______meat.
- Swine were first domesticated in ______about 9,000 B.C.
- Swine were brought to America by ______in 1493.
- These swine were not ______, but of European and Asian breeding.
- ______Name - Sus scrofa domestica.
SWINE INDUSTRY
- ______of the hogs produced in the U.S. are produced in the ______.
- When ______yields are high, corn prices are ______and hog production ______.
- More than ______% of the hogs in the U.S. are grown in confinement ______.
- Many of these are produced under ______with a processing company.
- Hogs are the ______largest livestock population in the U.S., with nearly ______million head.
- ______, Illinois, and ______are the leading states.
- ______sharply increased production in recent years.
FAVORABLE FACTORS:
- Hogs are efficient in converting ______to ______.
- Less than ______pounds of feed for ______pound of pork.
- ______pounds are needed for beef.
- Swine are very ______.
- Meaning they will produce a ______number of young.
- Sows will farrow _____ to ______piglets ______a year.
- Gestation is ______days. ( ___ months, ____ weeks, ____ days)
- Swine excel in ______percentage.
- They will yield _____- _____ % of their ______weight.
- Cattle dress out at _____- _____ %.
- Labor requirements are ______: hogs are good at self-feeding.
- ______investments are generally low, with return to investments relatively ______.
UNFAVORABLE FACTORS:
- Hogs are susceptible to ______and parasites.
- Hogs must be fed a ______amount of concentrates and minimal ______due to the simple stomach (______).
- Require special attention at ______.
- Disposal of ______is an issue.
CORPORATE SWINE PRODUCTION:
- More swine are being grown in large, ______farm systems and ______as family-operated farms.
- Producers may be under ______with a company that provides the piglets, monitors production, supplies feed, and markets the hogs. (______integration)
- During ______careful attention is given to nutrition and disease control.
- People are not allowed in ______where the hogs are growing.
- Producers enter only after ______and wearing carefully laundered clothing.
CLASSIFICATION OF SWINE
- Piglet - ______swine
- Barrow - ______male
- Sow - ______female
- Gilt - ______female
- Boar- ______hog
HIGH-QUALITY MEAT HOGS
- ______and ______are used for high-quality meat.
- ______and ______may be made into sausage or cooked food products.
- Swine are produced for ______.
- People want ______meat without much fat.
- Meat-Type Hogs give the ______amount of lean meat in high-value ______, such as the ham.
- Meat-Type Hogs need to grow ______and efficiently.
- Need plenty of ______tissue (meat).
- Long animal, with ______, well-developed muscles in the ______.
- Major meat products: ______, Bacon, ______Cuts, and Roasts.
PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
- Feeder Pig Production
- A feeder pig is about ______pounds and has just been weaned.
- This system involves maintaining a herd of brood ______and having facilities for breeding and ______litters of pigs.
- Boars or Artificial Insemination (______) may be used.
- Feeder pigs are ______to farms that feed them to market weight.
- Finishing Systems
- Finishing is feeding feeder pigs to ______size.
- Ideal market hog weight is around ______pounds.
- Many ______have specific weights.
- Prices may ______if producers don’t hit the ideal or target weight.