1. Match Each Concept with the Right Definition
UNIT 8: PRIMARY SECTOR.
1. Match each concept with the right definition:
Village / Fertiliser / Plot / Reforestation / PesticideIrrigation system / Day labourer / Farm / Yield / Drip irrigation
Graze / Pasture / Fish farm / greenhouse / Cash crop
Rain-fed / Irrigated
Chemical or natural substance that increases the fertility of the soil and makes crops grow better
Amount of crop produced per square metre
Crop grown for commercial purposes (only to make money).
Irrigation system in which water is applied in small amounts (drops of water) to each plant.
Substance for killing harmful insects and similar pests
Man-made system bringing water to agricultural land.
Person who is employed and paid per day
Eat grass growing in a field
Area of land and buildings used for growing crops and raising animals.
Land covered with grass where sheeps or cows are kept
Very small piece of land used for growing crops or livestock
Enclosed area of water in which fish are reproduced for commercial purposes.
Supply the dry land with water by means of ditches, pipes or streams; water artificially.
Group of houses and other buildings in a country district, smaller than a town.
Replanting of trees on areas where they have disappeared
Glass or plastic building in which plants needing warm temperatures, humidity and protection are grown.
Agriculture supplied only with water by rain.
2. Read the text and answer the questions:
The specialised commercial cultivation of cash crops on estates or plantations is a very distinctive type of tropical agriculture and is found in many parts of Asia, Africa and tropical America. Some of the main plantation crops are rubber, oil palm, cotton, coffee, tea and cocoa, fruits like pineapples and bananas, as well as sugarcane and soybeans.
Plantation agriculture is the product of colonialism. Plantations have been developed in response to a demand in Europe for foods, spices, fibers, and beverages, which because of climatic constraints, could be produced only in the tropics or sub-tropics. Over the centuries the demand for most of these items has increased with the growth of world population.
Plantation agriculture is an export-oriented specialised farming method where emphasis is given to raise a single crop. It involves not only cultivation of crop but also processing, packaging, transporting and exporting of the product.
To initiate and to maintain a tropical plantation, large sums of money are required. As many plantations are located in previously undeveloped or sparsely populated areas, far from urban centers, a minimum network of communication by road or rail has to be developed first . A large amount of capital is put into building roads, buying machinery and building factories to process the crops harvested from the plantations .
Plantation owners also invest large amounts oftheir capitalon fertilisers and pesticides. Fertilisers are applied to plantation crops as frequently as these crops use up nutrients from the land quickly. Since plantations usually grow onetype ofcrop, pest attacks can cause total destruction of the plantations. Pesticides are therefore used in huge quantities to prevent crops from being entirely destroyed by pests .
Due to thelarge size of a plantation, a lot of labour is needed to tend to the crops and work in the nearby processing factories.
1. World places were the plantation/cash crop agriculture is practised.
2. Name at least five cash crops.
3. What does colonialism means? Look up the historical term in the internet.
4. Why do the cash crops are not produced in Europe?
5. Cash crops not only involved the cultivation of product, What other activities are required?.
6. Plantation owners invest large amounts of money, What do you think they invest more money?
7. Why do they need to invest so much money in fertilisers?
8. What is the difference between subsistence agriculture and cash crop?.
3. Look at the graphic and answer the questions:
1. 
What continent each country belong to?
2. What is the most important soybean producer in the world? And the second and third?
3. Name five products that may content soybean.
4. Why do you think the cultivation of soybean increased during the past decade?
4. Look at the graphic and answer the questions:
1. 
By 1990 the total area producing soybean was less than 10 million hectares, What was the area cultivated with soybean in 2000 and in 2012?
2. Ïn two decades the soybean production increased from less than 20 million of tons to 88 million, Why do you think that it has been possible?
5. Look at the graphic and answer the questions:
Translate cocoa into spanish.
2. What continente each country belong to?.
3. Name five products that contains cocoa.
4. Name three companies that sell cocoa products.