“There are in the city besides the Turks, countless Jews, or Marrani expelled from Spain; these are they who have taught and who are teaching every useful art to the Turks; and the greater part of the shops and arts are kept and exercised by these Marrani. There is a place which is called Bezestan, where they sell and buy all sorts of cloth and Turkish wares, silks, stuffs, linens, silver, wrought gold, bows, slaves, and horses; and in short all the things that are to be found in Constantinople are brought there to market: this, except for Friday, is open every day.” Benedetto Ramberti
1.From where were the Jews who lived in Constantinople expelled?
a. Hungaryc. Germany
b. Spaind. Italy
2. According to this passage, what is Bezestan?
a. government buildingc. a market
b. a mosqued. a private residence
The grace of this beautiful Mausoleum of Mumtaz Mahal (Taj Mahal) who was Bilqs of her Time cannot be described. She was Queen of the world and this is her (final) resting place.
Like the Garden of Heaven, it is fragrant with ambergris and incenses. The nymphs of Paradise clean it with their eye-lids, it is so tender and sacred!
Its doors and walls are inlaid with jewels. Its air is fresh and cool.
The clouds of the grace of God always shower on this sacred sepulcher. It is the place where everybody's prayers are accepted (by God).
It is a monument of sorrow. Everybody who goes to see it feel its grief. Even the Sun and the Moon shed tears on it.
This lofty building fulfills needs of everybody without discrimination like the Sun (who bestows its light upon all, in general).
Shah Jahan, 1631
3. According to this passage, what emotion does the Mausoleum of Mumtaz Mahal (Taj Mahal) evoke?
a. lovec. joy
b. sympathyd. sorrow
4. Based on the information in this passage, what is the best definition of the word sepulcher?
a. burial vaultc.dome
b.incensed.fountain
“If ideas of conquest were to be the rule of our conduct, I foresee that we should, by necessity, be led from acquisition to acquisition, until we had the whole empire up in arms against us; and whilst we lay under the great disadvantage of fighting without a single ally, (for who could wish us well?) the natives, left without European allies, would find, in their own resources, means of carrying on war against us in a much more soldierly manner than they ever thought of when their reliance on European allies encouraged their natural indolence. The last battle fought against Kasim Ali Khan is a proof of this assertion, for never did the troops of India fight so well.”Robert Clive, 1765
5. According to this passage, what disadvantage did the British have in India?
a lack of military leadershipc. a lack of allies
b. a lack of knowledge of the terraind. a lack of weapons
6. According to this passage, against whom was Britain’s last battle in India fought?
a. Kasim Ali Khanc. Akbar
b.Shah Jahand.Babur
7. What word would best describe Robert Clive’s attitude toward the natives of India in this passage?
a. hostilec.indifferent
b. respectfuld. forgiving
The janissary corps were the elite soldiers and administrators of the sultan’s army. They were young Christian boys chosen because of their “good appearance and good physical build.” This policy of recruiting janissaries lasted until 1634. After 1634, new recruits came from the sons of janissaries and were less disciplined. To minimize the impact on the Ottoman treasury, the janissaries took jobs in the winter (when they were usually not fighting) as artisans. By 1826, the janissary force had grown so large—135,000 strong—and so powerful that the sultan was forced to massacre all its members. The demise of the janissaries corresponded with the decline of the Ottoman Empire.
8. What was the sultan forced to do when the janissary force grew too large?a. fire its members c. kill its members
b. invade the Balkansd. split it into different groupss members.
9. During the winter, the janissaries ____.
a. worked in the ruling classc.worked as merchants
b.worked as peasantsd.worked as artisans
In 1507, Safavid ruler Shah Ismail began raiding Ottoman lands in eastern Asia Minor, antagonizing the Ottomans and making future conflict between the two empires inevitable. Tensions reached their height in 1514, and the two armies met in August of that year in Chaldiran. The Ottomans, the first Islamic empire to employ artillery in warfare, completely decimated the Safavid cavalry. Ismail withdrew his troops and the Ottoman Sultan, Selim I, did not pursue him. Following the battle, the Safavid capital was moved from Tabriz to Qazvin. The battle also established the border between the two empires, which remains the border between Turkey and Iran today.
10. Where did the Ottoman and Safavid armies meet in the year 1514?
a. Tabrizc. Istanbul
b. Qazvind. Chaldiran
11. What was significant about the battle of Chaliran?
a. It marked the first time the Safavids had antagonized the Ottomans.
b.The Ottomans use of artillery was a decisive tactical advantage.
c.As a result of the battle, the Safavid capital was moved from Qazvin to Tabriz.
d.It marked the first battle among many between present-day Iran and Turkey.
12. On which continent did the majority of Süleyman’s battles take place?
a. Europec.Africa
b.Asiad.South America
13. In which present-day country did the Battle of Suez take place?
a. Libyac. Saudi Arabia
b. Algeriad. Egypt
14. Based on the map, which of the Mogul monarch conquered the most territory?
a. Baburc.Aurangzeb
b.Shah Jahand.Akbar
15. Under which ruler did the Mogul conquest of Delhi occur?
a. Baburc. Shah Jahan
b. Akbard. Aurangzeb
16. Which three peoples inhabited the area invaded by Ottoman forces between 1514–1638?
a. Georgian, Azeris, and Kurdsc.Azeris, Kurds, and Uzbeks
b.Abdalis, Uzbeks, and Ghilzaisd.Kurds, Azeris, and Abdalis
17. What did the Ottoman and Safavid Empires have in common?
a. attempted to conquer central Europe
b. arose in early 16th century
c. mixed ethnicities and religions in society
d. used Shiite faith to unify peoples in empire
18. The Safavid rulers were eagerly supported by the Shiites, who believed
a. they would be rewarded with beautiful wives.
b.the Safavids would return power to the landed Shiite aristocrats.
c.that Shah Ismail was a direct successor of the prophet Muhammad.
d.that the Sunnis would be destroyed by the might of a strong Safavid empire.
19. Shah Jahan had the ____ built in Agra in memory of his wife.
a. Taj Mahalc.Isfahan
b.Mumtazd.Plassey
20. Constantinople was later renamed ______.
a. Akbarc.Lex Khan
b. Istanbuld.Timur
21. The greatest of all Ottoman architects, ____ built 81 mosques.
a.Mehmet IIc.Outmar the Wise
b.Sinand.Sultan Selim I
22. Sir Robert Clive was an aggressive British empire builder who
a.allowed the Dutch to take over British forts because of his shortsightedness.
b.mismanaged the British South India Company until it went broke.
c.angered the British government by falsely acting as its representative.
d.was empowered by the British crown to fight any force that threatened the East India Company’s power in India.
23. “Gunpowder empires” were empires that
a.were maintained only by the constant presence of a heavily armed force.
b.were formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered.
c. disintegrated almost as quickly as they were formed.
d.encountered zero resistance.
24. Pressure to conform to traditional religious beliefs, or religious ______, increased under the Safavids.
a. orthodoxyc. isfahan
b. mumtazd.
25. Riza-i-Abbasi, the most famous painter of the Safavid Era, created works
a. in a style that is close to realism but celebrates more use of paint.
b. regarded as an unfinished and rough in painting style.
c. which depicted simple subjects, such as oxen plowing in exquisite style.
d. in which colors are selected to fit the emotion felt or to create emotional impact.