Physics Semester 2 (Spring) Review and Information. 2018
You should start by using your notes, tests and quizzes for review!
You can expect to see the following topics on the exam:
- measurement, units of measurement, and conversions between different units
- Energy and Conservation of Energy
- Momentum, Impulse, Conservation of Momentum
- Waves and their characteristic properties
- Sound- Longitudinal waves
- Light, color, spectrum of electromagnetic waves, and uses
- Images from mirrors and lenses... reflection and refraction
- Electrostatics
- Electric Circuits, Ohm's law, electric power, symbols, measurements in circuits.
- Magnetism and electromagnetism
Each student taking the Semester Exam will prepare one index card to use on the semester final exam. Physics 1 students may use a 4” x 6” card. You need to include all basic formulas used this semester on your card, no formulas are provided on exam day.Students MUST comply with the following requirements:
- The card must be handwritten by the student.
- Both sides of the index card may be used.
- The index card must be turned in with the exam.
- Calculators will be cleared before and after the exam.
- Students will use a school calculator if they don't want their personal calculator cleared.
Spring Semester Physics Items:
1.Note: This is the Physics 2018 version of the review for comparing answers/ solutions.
2. A certain wave has a frequency of 0.08 Hz and a wavelength of 8.7 m. What is this wave’s speed?
3. A particular string vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 9 Hz. What are the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th harmonics of this string?
4.A 3050 kg truck is traveling at 34 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.
5. Use the law of conservation of momentum to find the final velocity of a bullet and block when the bullet is shot and is lodged in the block. If the 9.0 gram bullet has an initial velocity of 980 m/s and the block has a mass of 3.9 kilograms, what is their velocity after the inelastic collision?
6. An object is held 45 cm from a converging lens with a focal length 12 cm. Determine the image type,image distance and magnification.
7. Charges will flow if a wire is connected to a battery or other source of voltage. However, there is another way to generate a current. An electric current is generated in a wire when the wire is ….
8. A sound wave traveling at a speed of 343 m/s has a wavelength of 0.98 m. What is the frequency of this sound? Would you be able to hear it?
9. A light ray in air meets a block of transparent material at a 42o angle. The light refracts in the block, at an angle of 31o. What is the index of refraction for this unknown material?
10. Different colors of light correspond to different …..
11. When red and green light beams are projected together onto a white screen, the resulting color is ….
12. Compared to the velocity of radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves is......
13. When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed......
14. A wave created by shaking a rope up and down is called a......
15. Draw a diagram showing an elastic cord vibrating in the 3rd harmonic. Label the nodes and antinodes.
16. The Hertz is a unit of ......
17. One coulomb is the charge on 6.25 X 1018electrons or protons. Therefore, the charge on a single electron is ______coulomb.
18. A current of 2.4 amperes flows through a resistor of 1.6 ohms. What is the voltage across this resistor?
19. A0.92 kg grapefruit is thrown into a blanket with a velocity of 15 m/s. The blanket stops the grapefruit in 0.20 seconds.(a)What is the initial momentum of the grapefruit?
b.What is the change in momentum of the grapefruit after being stopped by the blanket? This is also equal to the impulse applied, because impulse = change in momentum.
c.What is the magnitude of the average force that the blanket applies to the grapefruit?
20. Write the formula for Ohm’s Law:
21. Define the Law of Conservation of Energy.
22. Define the period of a wave. How is it related to frequency?
23. Definefrequency.
24. Draw a transverse wave. Label a wavelength and the amplitude.
25. If a sad, crying Lakers fan is running away from you, what happens to the frequency of sound that you perceive? If they run towards you, what happens to the frequency you hear?
26. What would be the resulting amplitude if two waves, one with amplitude of 4 m and the other with amplitude of 9 m, meet in phase? This is called constructive interference. What is the amplitude if they meet out of phase? That is known as destructive interference.
27. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
28. What type of lens can produce a real image?
29. What kinds of mirrors can produce virtual images? Which type of mirror can produce a real image?
30. Write the thin lens equation: What are the sign conventions for this lens equation?
31. An object is placed3.50 meter in front of a Converging lens that has a focal length of 2.00 m. What is the image distance? Is this a real or virtual image? What is the magnification?
32. What is the frequency range of human hearing?
33. What are some medical uses of sound waves?
34. What is the average speed of sound in air at typical room temperature? What is the speed of sound in water?
35. Mary is driving her 1500 kg car at 21 m/s when a large gust of wind slows her car to 19 m/s. How much work did the wind do on Mary’s car?
36. A) What are the colors of the visible light spectrum?
B) Which color of light, red or violet, has
1) the lowest frequency and longest wavelength:
2)the highest frequency and shortest wavelength:
37. What is meant by the term “EM spectrum?”
38. What is the order of common EM spectrum waves from highest frequency to lowest frequency?
39. What charge does an electron have? What charge does a proton have? Does a neutron have a charge?
40. If a neutral atom loses an electron, does it become a positive ion or a negative ion?
41. State the basic law of electrostatics:
42. Write the equation for Coulomb’s Law:
43. Two likecharges are separated by a distance. If one charge is doubled, the other charge is tripled and the distance between the charges is tripled, what will happen to the force of repulsionn between them?
44. What is the purpose of an electroscope? Describe charging by induction.
45. When a negative rod is placed near an electroscope, what happens to the electroscope?
46. A charge of 3 µC is placed 20 cm from a charge of –5 µC.What is the force on the 3 µC charge?
47. If Ashley rubs a balloon on her head, the balloon acquires an overall negative charge. What kind of charge is on Ashley’s hair?
48. Draw the electric field lines associated with:
A.a single positive chargeB.a single negative charge
49. Draw the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet.
50. Describe and draw the magnetic fieldcreated by electrical charges flowing in a conducting wire:
51. A 4000 kg boulder is at the edge of a cliff 35 meters above a road. Calculate the gravitational potential energy of this boulder relative to the road below.
52. Johnny pushes a wagon with a force of 44 newtons. The wagon and its contents have a mass of 23 kg. If Johnny pushes the wagon for 16 meters, how much work does he do?
53. Review conversions:
A. 1 m = ______km B. 40.3 cm= ______m
C. 23 nm= ______mD. 8 microcoulombs= ______coulombs
54. Jennifer does 5000 Joules of work in 3 minutes. What power does she use in doing this work? Answer in Watts of power.
55. What is the momentum of a 1600 kg car that is traveling at a speed of 25.0 m/s?
56. Calculate the total resistance and total current for the following series circuit.Then complete the following chart for each resistor. Show you work for total current, total resistance, and the voltages.
Total Resistance= / Total Current= / Write the voltage formula: / Write the power formula:Resistance (Ohms) / Current (amps) / Voltage (volts) / Power (watts)
3
4
5
57. Calculate the total resistance and total current for the following parallel circuit.Then complete the following chart for each resistor. Show you work for total current, total resistance, and each current.
Total Resistance= / Total Current= / Write the formula for voltage: / Write the power formula:Resistance (Ohms) / Current (amps) / Voltage (volts) / Power (watts)
3
4
5
58. Find the total current in the circuit below and complete the table of values for each resistor.
Total Resistance= / Total Current=Resistance (Ohms) / Current (amps) / Voltage (volts) / Power (watts)
15
4
100
1. This is the 2018 review.
2. 0.696 m/s
3. 1st is 9 Hz, 2nd is 18 Hz, 3rd is 27 Hz, 4th is 36 Hz.
4 1.76 x 106 J
5. 2.26 m/s
6. real image, 16.4 cm from the lens, 0.36 x magnification
7. ismoved across a magnetic field.
8. 350 Hz, Yes
9. 1.30
10. Frequencies of electromagnetic waves in the visible spectrum.
11. See notes
12. same
13. increases
14. transverse
15. See notes
16. Frequency
17. -1.60 X 10-19 coulombs.
18. 3.84 volts
19. A. 13.8 kg m/s
B. -13.8 kg m/s
C. -69.0 N
20. I=V/R
21. energy is not created or destroyed, the total amount of mechanical energy in a closed system remains constant
22. The time for one wave cycle, T = time / # of cycles. freq=1/T
23. How often waves pass a point in a unit of time, f= # of cycles / time
24.
25. Away the frequency decreases; towards the frequency increases.
26. Constructive is 13 m and destructive is 5 m.
27. 3 x 108 m/s
28. A converging lens will produce a real image when the object is outside the focal point.
29. Plain mirrors and convex mirrors always produce virtual images. Concave mirrors produce virtual images when the object is inside the focal point. Real images when objects are outside the focal point.
30. 1/do+1/di = 1/f
--- Sign Conventions for Lenses
dois positive for real object
---
diis positive for real images
diis negative for virtual images
---
f is positive for a converging lens
f is negative for a diverging lens (as in # 31)
31. (a) 4.67 m, 1.33X, real. (b) -1.27 m from the lens, virtual, 0.36 x
32. 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
33. Sonograms, ultrasound treatments to breakup mineral deposits.
34. See notes.
35. -60,000 joules
36. A. Hint: ROYGBIV. P.S.Page 630 is interesting.
B. 1) Red. 2) Violet.
37. See notes
38. See notes
39. Electrons are negative, protons are positive, and neutrons have no charge.
40. positive.
41. Like charges repel and opposite charges attract..
42. F = k Q1Q2 / d2
43. The force would be 2/3 the previous
44. It shows the presence of electric charge.
45. The rod repels electrons toward the opposite end. This will polarize the electroscope. The moveable parts repel.
46. 3.375 N, - or ‘towards’
47. Positive
48. See notes
49. See notes
50. See notes
51. 1.37 x 106 J
52. 704 J
53. Review conversions:
A. 0.001 kmB. 0.403 m
C. 2.3 x 10-8 mD. 8 x 10 -6 C
54. 27.8 watt
55. 40,000 kg m/s.
56. Series Circuit
Total Resistance= 12 ohm / Total Current= 2 AResistance (ohm) / Current (A) / Voltage (volt) / Power (watt)
3 / 2 / 6 / 12
4 / 2 / 8 / 16
5 / 2 / 10 / 20
57. Parallel Circuit
Total Resistance= 1.28 ohm / Total Current= 18.8 AResistance (ohm) / Current (A) / Voltage (volt) / Power (watt)
3 / 8 / 24 / 192
4 / 6 / 24 / 144
5 / 4.8 / 24 / 115.2
Total Resistance= / Total Current=
Resistance (Ohms) / Current (amps) / Voltage (volts) / Power (watts)
15 / 1.91 / 28.65 / 54.7
4 / 1.84 / 7.35 / 13.5
100 / 0.070 / 7.35 / 0.51
58. 1.91 amperes
How’s your index card? Is it full of formulae? Every equation you used on this review may be needed on the final exam. Go through your work on this review and check that your index card shows all the equations you need. Remember that you can use both sides and include handwritten notes also.