YEAR 11 KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER: paper II

KEY NAMES
  1. Charles Booth: found that 30% of population in London were in poverty
  2. Seebohm Rowntree: researched in York & worked out poverty line (poor when you have kids & grow old)
  3. New liberals: Asquith, Churchill & L-George- argued the government should help the poor
  4. Salvation army, charity led by William Booth
  5. Churchill- new liberal, minister for navy in WWI, PM in WWII
  6. Lloyd George- chancellor of the exchequer, author of the liberal reforms, PM in WWI
  7. Asquith- Liberal Prime minister, until replaced by L-George
  8. Queen Victoria- opponent of votes for women
  9. Suffragists NUWSS- National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies, fought for votes for women lawfully
  10. Suffragettes WSPU-Women’s Social & Political Union, impatient suffragists who were prepared to be illegal
  11. Millicent Fawcett- leader suffragists
  12. Emeline, Sylvie, Christabel Pankhurst- leader’s suffragettes
  13. Emily Davison- died at Epsom derby
  14. FANYS- first aid nursing yeomanry (army nurses)
  15. Canary’s- female munitions workers
  16. WRENS-
  17. Kitchener- minister for war in WWI, face of famous ‘Britain wants you’ poster
  18. Tribunal- pacifist newspaper, shut down in WWI
  19. Pals Battalions- groups of friends who joined & fought together
  20. Rudyard Kipling & H.G. Wells- writers who wrote propaganda in WWI
  21. Kaiser- King of Germany
/ KEY EVENTS
  1. Boer war- 1/3 of recruits were too unfit, a stronger working class would help army &industry
  2. School meals act & medical inspections-helped some young people
  3. Young persons act- gave young people stronger legal protection than adults
  4. Old age pensions- for those 70 or above
  5. Labour exchanges- early job centres, matched unemployed to businesses
  6. Trade boards- tried to improve wages & conditions
  7. National insurance acts- for sickness & unemployment
  8. 1910 Black Friday- 190 suffragettes beaten and arrested by police on march
  9. 1913 Epsom derby- Emily Davison died under the feet of the King’s horse
  10. 1913 cat & mouse act: suffragettes on hunger strike were released then rearrested when they ate
  11. Defence of the Realm act 1914- BST, licensing hours for pubs, reserved occupations
  12. Military service act 1916- allowed the government to bring in conscription
  13. Representation of the people act 1918- gave women the vote

KEY WORDS
  1. Laissez faire- belief that people should sort their own problems out (without government)
  2. Poor law- only help available for poor before liberal reforms. Set up work houses.
  3. Workhouse- building where poor work in return for food & shelter. Harsh conditions.
  4. Causes: liberal reforms: Booth & Rowntree, warning from Boer war, German example, new liberalism, civic pride, win working clas vote, rise of Labour
  5. Civic pride: pride in ones city e.g. cities competed to provide best facilities
  6. Separate spheres- the idea that men should work, women have family
  7. Reserved occupations- jobs important to war effort (e.g. oal miners, farmers)
  8. Rents control act- concern over price rises led to this law in 1915
  9. Conscientious objector- someone who believes war is wrong (e.g. pacifists)
  10. BST- British standard time, moving clocks forward adds an hour to the working day in winter
  11. Closing time- pubs closed during the day, to help workers productivity
  12. U boat- submarine
  13. Reparation- money to repair damage from war
  14. Right to serve- suffragette campaign for women’s work in WWI

TIMELINE
1830s poor laws ended worst problems of 1800s
1897 NUWSS (suffragists) form
1899-1902 Boer war
1900 Labour party formed
1901 study of town life: York. Rowntree’s report, published.
1903 Life & labour in London- Booth’s report, published
1903 WSPU: suffragettes form
1906 Liberal party win election
1906 school meals act
1907 school medical inspections
1908 children & young person’s act
1908 old age pensions
1909 trade boards
1909 budget (battle with Lords)
1910 Black Friday
1911 National insurance act
1913 cat & mouse act
1913 Epsom Derby
1914 Defence of Realm act
1914 whitby, scarborough, Hartlepool bombarded by German navy
1915-17 zeppelin air raids
1915 rent control act
1915 suffragettes: right to serve’
1915 Bryce report=German’s make soap from corpses!
1916 conscription
1917 department for information
1917-18 food riots (rationing)
1918 by now 6 million women in work
1918 representation of people act