Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project

Environmental Impact Assessment

Guiyang Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute

China Hydropower Engineering Consultation Group Corporation

September 18, 2008

Table of Contents

1Introduction

1.1Project Background

1.2Overview of EIA

2EIA Preparation

2.1EIA Classification

2.2Basis for EIA Preparation

2.2.1Laws and Regulations

2.2.2Documents

2.2.3Screening of World Bank’s Safeguard Policies

2.3Applicable Standards

2.3.1Environmental Standards

2.3.2Standards for Pollutant Discharge

2.4Assessment Scope

2.5Assessment Methods

3Project Description

3.1Project Objective

3.2Overview of the Project

3.2.1Minority Cultural Heritage Protection in Villages

3.2.2Ancient Town Protection

3.2.3Natural Heritage Protection and Utilization

3.2.4Heritage Protection and Tourism Service Facilities Construction in Gateway Cities

3.2.5Technical Assistance

3.3Description of Project

3.3.1Location and Investment

3.3.2Description of Facilities

3.3.3Generic Design

3.3.4Typical and Special Works

3.3.5Construction Period

4Policy and Legal Framework

4.1Policy Framework

4.1.1Overview of Guizhou Provicnial Tourism Development Master Plan

4.1.2Relation with the Master Plan

4.1.3Guizhou Rural Tourism Development Plan 2006

4.1.4Guizhou Eleventh Five Year Socio-ecnomic Plan

4.1.5Other Relevant Documents

4.2Legal Framework

4.2.1Cultural Heritage Protection

4.2.2Environmental Assessment

4.2.3Geological Relics Protection

4.2.4Scenic Area Planning

4.3Institutional Arrangement

5Baseline Conditions

5.1General

5.1.1Geographic Location

5.1.2Meteorological Condition

5.1.3History

5.2Socio-Economic Conditions

5.2.1Demographics and Population

5.2.2Ethnic Minorites

5.2.3Economy and Poverty

5.3Administrative Districts

5.4Natural Resources

5.4.1Biodiversity

5.4.2Surface Water

5.5Cultural and Natural Heritage Assets

5.5.1World Natural Heritage

5.5.2Other Areas of Global Significance

5.5.3National Cultural and Natural Heritages

5.5.4Other Cultural and Natural Heritages

5.6Cultural and Natural Heritages in Project Area

5.6.1Scenic Areas

5.6.2Geo-Parks

5.6.3Protected Cultural Relics Unit

5.6.4Famous Historical and Cultural Town

5.6.5Other Cultural Heritages

5.7Environmental Management

5.7.1Solid Waste Management

5.7.2Wastewater Treatment

5.8Environmental Baseline in Project Cities

5.8.1Environmental Concerns

5.8.2Environmental Monitoring Results

6Environmental Impacts and Mitigation

6.1Social Impacts and Benefits

6.1.1Social Impacts at Strategic/Provincial Level

6.1.2Specific Benefits of Components

6.1.3Land Occupation and Resettlement

6.2Risks of Adverse Impacts at Strategic and Provincial Level

6.2.1Cultural Heritage Impacts and Mitigation

6.3Specific Risks Likely in All Sites

6.3.1Impacts on Eco-environment

6.3.2Impact on Water Environment

6.3.3Impact on Ambient Air and Mitigation

6.3.4Impact on Acoustic Environment and Mitigation

6.3.5Impact of Solid Waste and Mitigation

6.3.6Landscape and Visual Impacts and Mitigation

6.4Potential Impacts to Specific Sites and Mitigation

6.4.1Risk of Overdevelopment in the National Scenic Areas

6.4.2Guanlin National Geo-Park

6.4.3Xingyi National Geo-Park

6.4.4Wanfenglin National Scenic Area

6.4.5Shamu River National Scenic Area

7Heritage Conservation Plan

7.1Conservation Plan for Classified Heritages

7.2Specific Considerations and Recommendations

7.2.1Inventory Development

7.2.2Standards

7.2.3Qualification

7.2.4Monitoring

7.2.5Public Awareness Promotion

7.2.6Construction Planning

7.3Institutional Arrangement

7.4Suggestions on Conservation Plans

7.5Reporting

8Alternative Comparison

8.1With and Without the Project Scenario

8.2Location Alternatives

8.2.1Jiuzhou Fortress Museum

8.3EA Suggestions in Project Development Process

99 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

9.1Objective and Principle

9.2First Round of Public Consultation

9.3First Round Information Disclosure

9.4The Second Round of Public Consultation

9.5Second Round of Information Disclosure

9.6Consultation Result Statistics

9.7Results of Social Environment Assessment

9.8Main Concerns and Public Opinions

10Environment Management and Monitoring Plan

10.1Environment Mitigation Measures

10.2Institutional Arrangement

10.3Training Plan

10.4Environment Supervision Plan

10.5 Environmental Management Plan

10.6Environment Monitoring Plan

10.7Monitoring Reporting System

10.8Environmental monitoring and acceptance report of sub-projects

10.9Cost Estimate

1

1Introduction

1.1Project Background

GuizhouProvinceis located in southwest China and is known for its large rural population and underdeveloped economy. Poverty reduction has thus become a priority of the province’s socioeconomic development strategy. The Guizhou Provincial Government has adopted policies to promote tourism development of the province’s natural and cultural heritage, for the ultimate economic benefit of the local people. The Provincial Government also recognizes the need to balance the economic benefits from tourism development with environmental protection and heritage conservation.

The proposed Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Projectwilldevelop local resources of cultural and natural heritage in a sustainable manner. This will promote economic growth and create employment opportunities, and improve the living conditions of the local population.

1.2Overview of EIA

In July 2007, the World Bank Project Office of Guizhou Province contracted the Guiyang Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute (GHIDI), a subdivision of the China Hydropower Engineering Consultation Group Corporation (CHECC), to undertake the Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA) for the proposed project.

Based on the requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessment Law of PRC, the Decree on Construction Project Environmental Protection (also known as State Council Decree No.253) and relevant World Bank safeguard policies, a full set of EIA documentation has been prepared. The Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (EPB) – the overall administrative agency for the project’s EIA evaluation – requires that an integrated environmental impact assessment report be preparedgiven the nature of the project, which contains a large number of components in rural areas. This document is prepared for the review and approval of the Guizhou Provincial EPB, and also for the clearance of the World Bank

The EIA will provide a solid ground to optimize project design and management so that the project environmental benefits can be maximized and the potential adverse impacts minimized.

This report follows the guidelines of the World Bank OP4.01 and the relevant technical EIA guidelines in China. The outline is summarized below:

Chapter 1, Introduction: describes the project background and gives a brief introduction of the report structure

Chapter 2, EA Preparation: presents applicable standards, scope of analysis, basis for EA and other technical criteria used in the EA process

Chapter 3, Project Description: provides information on project content for each of the components (including location maps where appropriate) to help understand the project. It includes the necessary details to assess project impact, including main project scales, quantity of engineering works, component costs budget and implementation schedule

Chapter 4, Policy and Legal Framework: presents a description and analysis of associated policies and legal and institutional context

Chapter 5, Baseline Conditions: briefly describes the environmental and social baseline information within the project areas.

Chapter 6, Environmental Impacts and Mitigation: is the main section of the report, which summarizes environmental impacts and mitigation measures. It presents a general matrix of the components that have similar impacts or specific impact analysis, and then offers mitigation suggestions for the components that may cause a significant impact

Chapter 7, Heritage Conservation Plan: presents a plan to conserve any heritage that would be affected by the project

Chapter 8, Alternative Analysis: presents alternative analysis by components, with comprehensive comparison for all feasible alternatives in terms of environmental, social, technical and financial considerations, including maps with captions where appropriate.

Chapter 9, Public Consultation and Information Disclosure: describes the public consultation process applied during the EA and summarizes details in tables (i.e. dates, places, approaches, number of participants, main issues expressed, and responses in EIA/design). The chapter also describes the mechanism applied for information disclosure.

Chapter 10, Environmental Management Plan: presents a set of serious programs and measures to be taken during project implementation, including (1) Environmental Management and Supervision for each component, (2) Summary of Mitigation Measures, (3) Institutional Capacity Building/Training Planand (4) Monitoring Plan.

1

2EIA Preparation

2.1EIA Classification

The proposed project will finance a number of small-scale developments of tourist attractions at many locations across GuizhouProvince. Although the environmental impact caused by most project components is considered insignificant, several components are located within areas that are classified as either national level geo-parks or national level scenic areas; it is here where the project might cause significant impact due to the nature of these sites. These areas include 2 provincial scenic areas, 2 national scenic areas, 2 national geological parks, 1 national cultural relic protection unit, 1 provincial cultural relic protection unit and some minority cultural protection areas and regions (see Table 2.1-1) which are located in 2 municipalities and 2 prefectures respectively in Guizhou province (see Figure 2.1-1). According to Operational Policy 4.01 of the World Bank, this project falls into Category A for EA preparation, and thus a full set of EA documents are required to prepare given the features of the project.

Table 2.1-1 Summary of Affected Areas

Name of Component / Site Location / Sensitive Area / Classification Level / Date of Establishment / Administration
Opinions
Shamu river cultural and natural heritage protection / Shibing county, Qiandongnan prefecture / Wuyanghe national scenic area / National
(HuangpingJiuzhouTown is a National Cultural Relics Protection Unit) / 1998 / The Guizhou Provincial Construction Agency has already approved construction that will take place in these sensitive regions in principle with an official letter
Huangping Jiuzhou ancient town heritage protection / Jiuzhou town, Huangping county, Qiandongnan prefecture
Wanfenglin scenic area cultural and natural heritage protection / Xinyi county, Qianxinan prefecture / Malinghe canyon-Wanfeng lake national scenic area / National / 1994
Zhaoxing Dong cultural heritage protection / Zhaoxing town, Liping county, Qiandongnan prefecture / Liping Dong village national scenic area / National / 2004
Tianlong fortress cultural heritage protection / Tiantai mountain, Tianlong town, Pingba county, Anshun city / Tiantai mountain-Shila river provincial scenic area / Provincial / 2003
Longli ancient town heritage protection / Longli town, Jinping county, Qiandongnan prefecture. / Jinping Sanbanxi-Longli ancient town provincial scenic area / Provincial / 2001
Guanling national geological park heritage protection / Tan mountain, Xinpu village, Guanling county, Anshun city / Guanling national geological park / National / 2003 / The Guizhou Provincial Land Resource Agency has already approved construction that will take place in these sensitive regions in principle with an official letter
Xingyi national geological park and Dingxiao Guizhou dragon heritage protection / Dingxiao development district, Xingyi county, Qianxinan prefecture / Xingyi national geological park / National / 2004
Sanmentang cultural heritage protection / Sanmentang village, Tianzhu county, Qiandongnan prefecture / Sanmentang ancient buildings cultural relic protection unit / National / 2002 / The Guizhou Provincial Culture Agency has already approved construction that will take place in these sensitive regions in principle with an official letter
Danzai Shiqiao paper manufacture cultural heritage protection / Shiqiao, Nangao village, Danzai county, Qiandongnan prefecture / Shiqiao-white-paper-workshop cultural relic protection unit / Provincial / 2005

Figure 1.2-1 Location of the components in Guizhou

2.2Basis for EIA Preparation

2.2.1Laws and Regulations

During the preparation of environmental assessment, all relevant regulatory, policy, and administrative requirements – both at state and provincial levels – were followed, as were the World Bank’s ten safeguard policies. Major laws and regulations applied in the EA are as follows:

Laws of Environmental Protection of the PRC of December 26, 1989

Law of Air Pollution Control of the PRC of September 1, 2000

Law of Water Pollution Control of the PRC of May 15, 1996

Law of Environmental Noise Pollution Control of the PRC of March 1, 1997

Law of Cultural Relics Protection of the PRC of October 28, 2002

Management Regulations on Environmental Protection for Construction Projects of November 18, 1998

Circulation on Strengthening EIA for Construction Projects Receiving International Financing of 1993

Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment

Regulations on Establishment of Geological Natural Reserve, 1987

Regulations of Cultural Protection in GuizhouProvince, 2005

The Principles for Conservation of Heritage Sites in China

2.2.2Documents

A number of documents include feasibility study reports for various project components, as well as expert and government officials’ opinions in the screening stage. The main documents that have been reviewed and used in the EA are:

Guizhou Provincial Tourism Development Master Plan, World Tourism Organization, China National Tourism Administration and Guizhou Provincial Tourism Administration, 2002

Guizhou Rural Tourism Development Plan, Guizhou Provincial Research and CommunicationCenter for Cultural Tourism, 2006

Guizhou Eleventh Five Year Socio-economic Plan

Feasibility Study Reports for Each Component

Master Plan for each component area

Strategic Environmental Assessment Study, ERM

As the size of each component is very small, the Guizhou Provincial EPB requires that a consolidated EIA report be prepared for the project and that approval of the report be obtained.

2.2.3Screening of World Bank’s Safeguard Policies

The World Bank requirements include Operational Policies (OP), Best Procedure (BP), Good Practice (GP) and Operational Directives (OD), as well as the Bank’s standard list of ten safeguard policies. These ten are:

Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01);

Forestry (OP/GP4.36);

Natural Habitats (OP/BP4.04);

Safety of Dams (OP/BP4.37);

Pest Management (OP4.09);

Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12);

Indigenous People (OD4.20);

Cultural Property (OP4.11);

Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP/GP7.60); and

Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP/GP7.50).

Of these safeguard policies, Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) is the primary requirement and thus the focus of this report. In addition, policies on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12), and Cultural Property (OP4.11) will be applied in the EA – at the very least during the screening stage or fully, if they are triggered.

2.3Applicable Standards

2.3.1Environmental Standards

The environmental standards applicable in the preparation of this EIA are summarized in Table 2.3-1 below

  1. Ambient Air Quality

Class II of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) is used as given in Table 2-3-1 below.

Table 2-3-1 Class II of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996)

Pollutant / Sampling Timing / Standard
SO2
(mg/m3) / Annual average / 0.06
Daily average / 0.15
Hourly average / 0.50
PM10
(mg/m3) / Annual average / 0.10
Daily average / 0.15
NO2
(mg/m3) / Annual average / 0.08
Daily average / 0.12
Hourly average / 0.24
  1. Acoustic Environment

The specific standards used are listed in Table 2-3-2 below.

Table 2-3-2 Noise Standard Unit：LAeq：dB(A)

Class / Area to be applied / Day / Night
0 / Areas requiring very quiet environment such as villa blocks, and 5-star hotel / 50 / 40
1 / Area centered on education and residence / 55 / 45
2 / Area mixed with residences, business and industry / 60 / 50
3 / Industrial area / 65 / 55
4 / Area along two sides of trunk roads / 70 / 55

C.Surface Water

Standard for Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002) is used for assessing the impact on surface water quality, as shown in Table 2-3-3 below.

Table 2-3-3 Class III and IV Standard for Surface Water QualityUnit: mg/l

Pollutant / COD / BOD5 / NH3-N / P / N / Cu / Zn / F- / Se / As / Hg / Cd / C6+r / Pb
Class III / 20 / 4 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.01 / 0.05 / 0.0001 / 0.005 / 0.05 / 0.05
Class IV / 30 / 6 / 1.5 / 0.3 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 2.0 / 1.5 / 0.02 / 0.1 / 0.001 / 0.005 / 0.05 / 0.05

2.3.2Standards for Pollutant Discharge

A.Air Pollutant Emission

The waste gas emission follows the Class II of Integrated Air Pollutant Emission Standard (GB16297-1996), as shown in Table 2-3-4 below.

Table 2-3-4 Integrated Air Pollutant Emission Standard

Pollutant / Allowable concentration
(mg/m3) / Allowable emission velocity(kg/h) / Control point for dispersion emission
(mg/m3)
Stack height (m) / Class II
Particulates / 120 / 15 / 3.5 / The peak concentration outside the site boundary
20 / 5.9
30 / 23
30 / 0.29×10-3
Asphalt gas / 75 / 15 / 0.18 / Obvious emission without control/treatment is not allowed
20 / 0.30
30 / 1.3

Air pollution sources are forbidden from being built at the sensitive areas given in Section 2.1.

For the urban air monitoring component, any flue gas emissions that come from boilers that will be installed later will follow the Boiler Flue Gas Emission Standards (GB 13271-2002), as shown in table 2-3-5 below.

Table 2-3-5 Boiler Flue Gas Emission Standards

Pollutants / Dust concentration (mg/m3) / SO2 concentration (mg/m3) / Blackness (degree) / Stack height (m)
Limit / 50 / 100 / I / Not less than 8m
  1. Wastewater

The discharge of wastewater follows the Class II Standards of Integrated Wastewater Discharge (GB8978-1996), the Standards for Integrated Wastewater Discharge for WeiRiver (Shanxi SectionDB61-224-1996), or the Class III Standards of Integrated Wastewater Discharge (GB8978-1996). These standards will be applied to different bodies of water, as shown in table 2-3-6 below.

Table 2-3-6 Wastewater Discharge Standard Unit: mg/l

Pollutant / COD / BOD5 / SS / pH
Class II / 135 / 50 / 150 / 6～9
Class III / 500 / 300 / 400 / 6～9

Construction effluent and domestic sewage which could lead to class II or III surface water should be treated and reused, and should not be allowed to directly discharge into water at sensitive areas given in Section 2.1. The wastewater treatment facilities will follow the Class B of Category I discharge standard for municipal wastewater treatment plants (GB 18918-2002).

Table 2.3-7Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Unit: mg/l (daily average)

Pollutant / COD / BOD5 / SS / Oil / TN / TP / NH3-N / Fecal Coli form
Class B, Category I / 60 / 20 / 20 / 3 / 20 / 1 / 20 / 103
  1. Noise

Construction noise

The noise during construction phase follows the Noise Level Limits at Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-90), as shown in Table 2 -3-8 below.

Table 2-3-8Noise Limit for Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-90) Unit: dB(A)

Construction stage / Major source of noise / Noise limit
Daytime / Night time
Earth & stone work / Bulldozer, excavator, loader, etc. / 75 / 55
Piling / Pile driver, etc. / 85 / Forbidden
Structuring / Concrete mixer, etc. / 70 / 55
Finishing / Crane, elevator / 65 / 55

Plant Boundary Noise

The Noise at the plant boundary under the urban air monitoring component follows Class I Standards for Noise at Industrial Enterprise Boundary (GB12348-90); the area under the bus hub and maintenance yard follows Class II Standards for Noise at Industrial Enterprise Boundary (GB12348-90), as shown in Table 2-3-9 below.

Table 2-3-9 Standard for Noise at Industrial Enterprise Boundary Unit: Leq[dB(A)]

Class / Day / Night
I / 55 / 45
II / 60 / 50

The noise in construction and operation phase should be under 55dB in the daytime and 45dB at nighttime.

1

Table 2.3-1 The standards of surface water environment, ambient air and acoustic environmental qualities
Construction sites / Items / (GB3838-2002)
Surface Water Quality Standards (GB3838-2002) / Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) / Urban Regional Environmental Noise Standards (GB3096-93)
AnshunCity / Tianlong fortress cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Jiuzhou fortress cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Guanling national geological park heritage protection / III / 1 / 1
Qiandongnan prefecture / Biasha village cultural heritage protection / II / 2 / 2
Duliujiang Dong cultural heritage protection / II / 2 / 2
Danzai Miao cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 3
Jiuzhou ancient town heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Yangasha national cultural region heritage protection / III / 2 / 1
Longli ancient castle heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Bala river Miao cultural heritage protection in Kaili region / II / 2 / 2
Bala river Miao cultural heritage protection in Kaili region in Leishan region / II / 2 / 2
Xijiang Miao cultural heritage protection / II / 2 / 2
Zhaoxing Dong cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Sanbao village cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Shanmu river cultural and natural heritage protection / III / 1 / 1
Shidong cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Sanmentang cultural heritage protection / III / 2 / 1
Ethnic minorities culture and history museum / III / 2 / 2
Liping tourism information center / III / 2 / 2
Jianhe tourism information center / III / 2 / 1
Qianxinan prefecture / Xingyi national geological park and Dingxiao Guizhou dragon heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Wanfenglin scenic spot cultural and natural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
Buyi cultural and natural heritage protection / III / 2 / 2
GuiyangCity / Tourism information development for international tourism college of Guizhou normal university / III / 2 / 2
Guizhou tourism capability development / III / 2 / 2

Remark:

Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards(GB3838-2002) class II: pH6~9; DO≧6; COD≤15; BOD5≤3; NH3-N≤0.5; Coli-group≤2000