______Was Viewed As a Potential Problem Dating Back to the Drafting of the U.S. Constitution

MS Studies Ch. 5

Ch. 5 Secession & Civil War

Slavery

•______was viewed as a potential problem dating back to the drafting of the U.S. Constitution

•By 1819, slavery was the ______political issue in the U.S.

The Missouri Compromise

•______U.S. had _____ states. 11 free states. 11 slave states

•_____State – State that did not allow slavery

•______State – State that did allow slavery

•Missouri applied for statehood as a slave state

•Intense debates erupted in U.S. Congress

•______was created.

•Missouri was admitted as slave state

•______admitted as a free state

•Slavery ______in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36°30’ N

Antislavery Movement

•1817 ______Society formed. Offered to send free blacks back to ______(Liberia)

•______Society formed 1831.

•Many people wanted to end slavery, but no person knew the proper way.

Nullification Crisis & States’ Rights

•______Rights – the principle that the rights of the individual state should prevail over the rights of the federal government.

•Many ______believed deeply in states’ rights

•1832 ______challenged the U.S. tariff saying that they had the right as a state to ______this U.S. law.

•S. Carolina threatened to ______

•A compromise reduced the tariff, but a law was passed that denied the states the right to nullify a national law

•______were divided on this issue.

The Compromise of 1850

•1846 U.S. gained new lands from ______and the Missouri Compromise did not apply to them.

•By ______was ready for statehood & wanted to be free.

•Issue was raised “______or ______”

•______of ______solved the issue

•California admitted as ______state

•Slavery in new territories would be determined by ______(means a vote by those living there)

•South got a ______fugitive slave law

Slavery Issues

•______-______Act passed 1854

•Said Pop. Sovereignty would decide ______issue

•Led to violence and wars known as “______” or “______”

•1854 ______Party created to stop ______of slavery

•1857 Supreme Court rules that ______was property and that slavery could expand into territories.

•1859 ______leads a raid against an armory at ______Ferry Virginia.

•He hoped to start a slave revolt, but he was captured and executed

MS & Secession

•______were divided. They loved the U.S., but also loved ______.

•______(withdrawal from the Union) was not accepted by most Mississippians during the 1850’s. They wanted U.S. Congress to ______slavery

•By 1859 most Mississippians felt like ______was the only answer to the slave question.

1860 Presidential Election

•Democrats divided

•______Democrats nominated John C. ______(U.S. Vice President)

•______Democrats nominated Stephen ______

•______Party nominated John ______

•______Party nominated ______

•Lincoln won the election (Breckenridge carried the south)

Secession

•Dec. 20, ______seceded from the union

•MS called a state convention.

•MS delegates voted 84 – 15 in favor of secession

•Jan. 9, 1861 _____ became 2nd state to secede from the Union

•AL, GA, FL, LA, & TX followed.

•Feb. 1861 delegates from each state met in ______, AL and formed the ______of ______(new government)

•______was selected as the President & Montgomery, AL was the ______

•When VA seceded from the Union, the capital was moved to ______, VA.

War Begins

•April 1861, Confederate forces fire on Fort______in ______, South Carolina when a resupply is attempted.

•President ______called for troops to put down the rebellion.

•VA, NC, TN, & AR seceded.

•Both sides thought they could win

•South had better ______& thought foreign nations would support them

•North had more ______and ______than the south.

MS River

•The ______was a key component to the Union’s success during the war.

•Gen. ______S. ______commanded Union forces in the ______

•Gen. ______Sidney______commanded Confederate troops in the ______.

•March 1862 Gen. Johnston is defending ______, MS. Gen. Grant has a fort at Shiloh (TN).

Battle of Shiloh

•______attacks ______on April 6 beginning the Battle of ______. Johnston is killed during the battle.

•Gen. P.G. T. ______takes command of southern forces. South advances on Day 1, but on Day 2 reinforced Union forces cause a ______retreat back to Corinth.

•Shiloh was the ______battle of the war to that point.

•______were later abandoned by the Confederates.

Battle for Vicksburg

•______was vital. It sat within a great ______in the ______. The city was well fortified and sat atop high bluffs.

•Vicksburg was a key ______point for the Confederacy.

•Union tried to dig a ______on the LA side of the river to avoid Vicksburg. This failed.

•Dec. 1862 Union Gen. ______Tecumseh ______begins a direct attack against Vicksburg from the North. Attack Fails

Battle for Vicksburg (Cont.)

•Grant tries to dig a canal to bypass Vicksburg, but this fails due to Confederate ______fire.

•Grant moves his forces south of Vicksburg through LA.

•Grant attacked & captured ______, MS in May 1863 & then led a ______attack on Vicksburg.

•Vicksburg was ______, but numerous attacks failed

•Grant laid ______to Vicksburg for 6 weeks

•Vicksburg fell ______, 1863 (same day as Gettysburg victory)

After Vicksburg

•Grant named ______of all ______Forces

•General William T. Sherman commands Union troops in the West

•Sherman captured ______, MS in Feb. 1864 (RR Depot)

•Sherman moved on to ______

•Sherman kept MS Generals ______and Stephen Lee off of his supply lines by constantly raiding North & East MS

•Late 1864 Sherman makes his famous “______to the ______” (from Atlanta to Savannah, GA)

War Ends

•March 1865 ______, VA falls to the Union.

•April 1865 ______E. ______surrenders at ______Court House, VA

•MS & AL troops surrendered on ______4, 1865 at Citronelle, AL

•Jefferson Davis was captured on May 10, 1865 in ______, GA

MS Numbers

•______Mississippians fought for the Confederacy

•About ______Mississippians fought for the Union Army

•______MS slaves or freedmen fought for the Union Army

•MS had about ______dead at the end of the Civil War.

MS’s Homefront

•Those at home did what they could

•______joined the service

•Women made ______or were ______

•Everyone supported the state or opposed in silence

•MS tried to have ______politics but it was impossible.

•______became worthless in the south.

•People did not have

•______wax, ______, ______(corn, okra, sweet potatoes used instead),

•Slave Revolts were feared

•Union Soldiers took what they wanted and in many cases destroyed everything else.

End of Slavery

•During war many southern ______fled to Union army camps.

•Some stayed on the ______

•Blacks joined ______army and mainly performed ______roles.

•By end of war blacks were actively ______for the Union

•Blacks were ______and usually given menial tasks.

•1862 ______issued. Freed slaves in the seceding states.

•Dec. 1865 ______- Amendment abolished slavery

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