Varianta: DOPLNÍ STUD. ODDĚLENÍ
Číslo testu: DOPLNÍ STUD. ODDĚLENÍ
1 / What is the important feature of Jane Austen’s style?A / slapstick comedy
B / subtlety of irony
C / stream of consciousness
D / passion and pathos
2 / Identify the rhetorical figure used in the following line of Shakespeare: “Romeo. Why then, O brawling love! O loving hate!” What is “loving hate”?
A / oxymoron
B / metaphor
C / simile
D / metonymy
3 / Which of the following authors is perceived as best representing the spirit of the Enlightenment in America?
A / Benjamin Franklin
B / Mark Twain
C / Ralph Waldo Emerson
D / Walt Whitman
4 / Which of the following could be described as the major formal characteristic of American modernist works?
A / Imitation of British literary traditions
B / Abstract thinking
C / Continuity
D / Fragmentation
5 / The Leader of the House of Representatives is:
A / The Speaker of the House
B / The Prime Leader
C / The President of the Senate
D / The Majority Leader
6 / Who is the man considered “The Father of the Constitution”?
A / Thomas Jefferson
B / James Madison
C / Abraham Lincoln
D / Alexander Hamilton
7 / In the following sentences, where is the primary stress in the words "increase" and "increased"? There has been an increase in sales this month. Therefore our popularity has increased.
A / increase and increased
B / increase and increased
C / increase and increased
D / increase and increased
8 / Which line contains words which all have the stress in the right place?
A / photograph, photographer, photography
B / photograph, photographer, photography
C / photograph, photographer, photography
D / photograph, photographer, photography
9 / Which of these words is the odd one out in terms of the sound represented by ch?
A / choir
B / orchestra
C / chemistry
D / chef
10 / Which of these phrases is the odd one out in terms of the linking sound?
A / the_economy
B / two_apples
C / three_apples
D / they_are
11 / Our local youth club tries to______for all interests.
A / equip
B / apply
C / organise
D / cater
12 / After its engine failed, the small boat ______with the current.
A / waved
B / tossed
C / hastened
D / drifted
13 / The spokesperson would not______any further on such a sensitive matter.
A / hint
B / quote
C / disclose
D / elaborate
14 / When writing a motivation letter, the best advice is to ______that you are the person who is choosing the applicants and to ask yourself what valuable qualities you can bring to the company.
A / resume
B / imagine
C / deduce
D / intend
15 / So that others can get the most out of their trips, I have to ______long hours.
A / put in
B / take up
C / make over
D / get into
16 / Sally paid no attention, as she was completely ______in her book.
A / engrossed
B / distracted
C / concentrated
D / dominated
17 / I’m thinking of changing my job because there are few ______of promotion
A / prospects
B / interests
C / chances
D / sources
18 / She cannot pronounce my name correctly. She always ______it.
A / dispronounces
B / unpronounces
C / mispronounces
D / depronounces
19 / The instructions were easy to ______as everything was translated into several languages.
A / pursue
B / follow
C / comply
D / take
20 / I was shocked by her appearance but ______more so by her language!
A / not
B / yet
C / so
D / how
21 / He hurriedly ______the message on a scrap of paper.
A / jotted down
B / wrote up
C / scribbled away
D / dashed off
22 / Surely you can’t fail ______that this isn’t acceptable.
A / seeing
B / see
C / to see
D / to seeing
23 / He was ______unknown when he got the lead role in that film.
A / extremely
B / very
C / too
D / virtually
24 / ‘Mark and Penny broke up last month.’ – ‘Oh no! They ______out together for years.’
A / have gone
B / had gone
C / had been going
D / are going
25 / If we ______world poverty, the richer countries will need to make sacrifices.
A / are to end
B / are end
C / will end
D / are ending
26 / Mary isn’t home yet. She ______late at the office to finish the report.
A / must have stayed
B / must have to stay
C / must stayed
D / must had to stay
27 / The accident is thought ______by leaves on the railway line.
A / to have caused
B / to have been caused
C / to have been causing
D / to had been caused
28 / The Johnsons had to decide ______to their son’s kidnappers’ demands or bring in the police.
A / if agree
B / not agree
C / whether agree
D / whether to agree
29 / ‘The lighthouse’ was directed by ______Mike Farell, only six months before his death.
A / late
B / a late
C / the late
D / of late
30 / ______twenty per cent of natural gas that is used to heat homes in the UK comes from the North Sea.
A / Few of
B / Lesser than
C / Fewer than
D / Less than
31 / Not until every single reporter had gone ______outside his front door again.
A / did Mike step
B / Mike stepped
C / stepped Mike
D / Mike did step
32 / The Transport Minister, ______department the email was apparently sent, has denied all knowledge of a cover-up.
A / whose
B / from whose
C / from his
D / which
CLOZE TEST
Read the following text, then choose the only alternative which is correct from A - D to fill each numbered gap.
Sibling memories
My brother and I used to fight a great deal as children. We did a lot of things together, not always in complete harmony. In fact, he actually broke my arms on one occasion. It meant that I missed the school exams for that year, so I suppose that really he did me a (33)......
Tony was a year older than me, so he was always first at doing things that I wanted to do – to (34)...... in public, for example, at school. I was full of (35)...... when, at fourteen, he got to play solo in a school concert at the City Hall. I had to (36)...... fifteen years before I could do the same as a professional musician. He definitely blazed a (37)...... for me. It was obvious that Tony was always going to be successful in his choice of career. When he had just left school and had (38)...... a job as a designer in Glasgow, he was soon in demand from other companies wanting to (39)...... him part of their team. For him, music was just something that you (40)...... at school. And his (41)...... were always in the visual arts – that was his main area of interest and obviously the right thing for him.
33A / courtesy
B / privilege
C / favour
D / benefit
34
A / perform
B / present
C / produce
D / practise
35
A / anxiety
B / envy
C / guilt
D / contempt
36
A / postpone
B / delay
C / suspend
D / wait
37
A / path
B / road
C / trail
D / way
38
A / taken
B / changed
C / resigned
D / abandoned
39
A / have
B / keep
C / make
D / get
40
A / did
B / made
C / played
D / carried
41
A / feelings
B / insights
C / senses
D / instincts
Read the following text and answer the questions below. Choose the best option A, B, C or D.
All that’s left is a band of gold
California, as we all know, is a land prone to earthquakes, in which the ground splits asunder beneath one’s feet and one is likely to lose one’s bearings. Luckily for us, such events do not extend far beyond that state and we learn about disasters only through our news bulletins.
But the US and California in particular, is a major force of dramatic psychological movements which first shake that country and then sweep eastwards towards Europe. The energy of these waves may be diminished by the Atlantic crossing, but Britain absorbs the main impact. Even after the resulting waves arrive here, social changes have continuing effects in the US, extreme changes often generating a backlash or antidote which arrives here later.
Marriage and the family may have begun to come apart in the US earlier than in Britain, but the first reports of an antidote to family breakdown - family therapy - were coming ashore in the fifties when I was training, though I did not feel bold enough to get my feet wet and try it myself until 1962.
A recent swing of the pendulum in the US, still taking place, is moving not only public, but professional opinion away from divorce towards the view that marriage should, if at all possible, be sustained for the sake of the children, even at the cost of the continued unhappiness of the spouses.
No doubt these changes of view will soon affect us too as the waves arrive, but in Britain nobody has reached any conclusion yet. Recent research in Britain compared those children whose parents had divorced with those whose parents had sustained an unhappy relationship. It found that in those families where the parents had split up, half of the behavioural problems of the boys, and some of the girls, were present before the divorce.
Even in the US, some experts are not following the new tide. John Gottman and other researchers suggest that children from intact homes where there is high conflict do worse in the long run than children of divorced parents, though the latter may appear more disturbed in the early years after the break-up before they “bounce back”.
I have outlined in a previous article Gottman’s claims to be able to predict the future failure or success of marriages with extraordinary accuracy, by observation of simple reactions such as the rise in heart rate and blood pressure during arguments. His research has now led to some further interesting conclusions, and he challenges the commonly held view that couples who fight all the time and those who avoid conflict at all costs are the ones more at risk of marital failure. He found that in happy marriages the commonly expressed view that men are less emotionally expressive than women did not apply. His research also suggests that anger between spouses is not harmful except when it is accompanied by more lethal emotions like contempt or disgust; indeed, blunt, straightforward anger seemed to immunize marriages against deterioration, disagreements and fights seem necessary in some degree in all good marriages, and avoidance of confrontation often results in avoidance of intimacy.
Marriages seem to thrive on, proportionately, a little negativity and a lot of positivity. As to divorce, it is an unpalatable truth that some marriages cannot and should not be saved.
Not only do patterns of toxic marital interaction keep the body in a state of unhealthy physical arousal, they create a psychological climate of helpless misery. These bone-deep states of arousal can no longer be willingly controlled. Not only is it fatuous to suggest they just try harder at this juncture, it may be even bad for their health – witness our data suggesting that staying in a hostile, distant marriage actually compromises the immune system, increasing susceptibility to illness.
42 / What does the writer compare earthquakes to?A / psychological theories
B / news bulletins
C / crossing the Atlantic
D / the institution of marriage
43 / What was the writer scared to do?
A / try family therapy
B / get divorced
C / get married
D / encourage people to stay married
44 / What do ordinary American people as well as professionals think about family breakdown?
A / Divorce should be avoided at all costs.
B / They believe that it is better for spouses to get divorced.
C / Divorce should be avoided especially if children are involved.
D / They do not think marriage can be sustained artificially.
45 / Which of the following sums up the findings of recent research in Britain?
A / Boys from divorced families have more behavioural problems than girls.
B / Problems amongst children from broken homes can be present before divorce.
C / Children of unhappy parents who do not divorce have more problems.
D / Children whose parents divorce have more academic difficulties.
46 / According to some psychologists, whether a marriage will succeed or fail can be accurately predicted
A / by observing the couple in everyday situations
B / by observing the couple in stressful situations
C / by measuring the partners’ blood pressure during arguments
D / in therapy
47 / What has the research revealed about happy marriages?
A / No marriage is actually happy.
B / There should not be any serious conflicts in a happy marriage.
C / In a happy marriage, men do not have to be less emotionally expressive than women.
D / Couples where both partners avoid conflict at any cost are the happpiest.
48 / What conclusion has John Gottman reached about happy marriages?
A / Women express their anger feelings more readily.
B / There are more good times than bad times.
C / Both spouses are likely to engage in disagreements.
D / Issues which could lead to arguments are avoided.
49 / In conclusion, the writer expresses his view of marriage and divorce which is best summarized by one of the statements below:
A / There is a certain percentage of marriages that cannot be saved.
B / There are only exceptional cases when the marriage cannot be saved.
C / It is worth trying to save every marriage.
D / It is better to break up for a year and see what happens.
50 / Why might staying in a bad marriage be bad for your health?
A / It raises the blood pressure.
B / It increases the heart rate.
C / It reduces bone density.
D / It affects the immune system.
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