US BECOMES A WORLD POWER REVIEW
1. Alfred Thayer Mahan expressed what opinion in his book The Influence of Sea Power Upon History?
2. Which development prompted formulation of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
3. What was the goal of the Open Door Policy?
4. What was the goal of President Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy?
5. Summarize the central premise of President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere.
6. Which desired outcome most influenced President McKinley’s decision to maintain US control of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
7. The creation of a US military base in Cuba became possible with which action?
8. What prompted the US government to participate in the 1893 overthrow of the Hawaiian government?
9. In deciding the fate of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War, President McKinley stated that “there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them.” What matter concerning the Philippines did McKinley apparently fail to take into consideration?
10. What did the American Anti-Imperialist League oppose?
11. Why did President Theodore Roosevelt involve the United States in the Dominican Republic’s affairs when that country defaulted on its debt payments?
12. What is the correct chronology of the foreign policy initiatives of Presidents McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson?
13. Which development motivated President Theodore Roosevelt to send the Great White Fleet on a fourteen month worldwide tour?
14. The Philippine Insurrection is most directly associated with which war?
15. Largely characterized by resentment of European influence over the Chinese government, the Boxer Rebellion resulted in attacks on foreign-owned properties. Why did US interests in China also come under attack at this time?
16. President Theodore Roosevelt considered the voyage of the Great White Fleet essential to accomplishing which foreign policy goal?
17. The implementation of which amendment most influenced development of the Roosevelt Corollary?
18. Which situation prompted the US government to actively encourage a 1903 revolt in Central America?
19. Which lands did the United States acquire as a result of the Spanish-American War?
20. As the twentieth century dawned, the emergence of powerful European spheres of influence in Southeast Asia shaped the development of what US foreign policy?
21. What type of foreign policy was Washington calling for with his Farewell Address?
22. The American continents . . . are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European power.
This excerpt was a key element of which US foreign policy statement?
23. What are 3 arguments in support of imperialism?
24. How did the outcome of the Spanish-American War change U.S. foreign policy?
25. From 1900 to 1915, a basic aim of United States foreign policy was to do what?
26. Involvement in the Spanish-American War, acquisition of Hawaii, and introduction of the Open Door policy in China were actions taken by the United States Government to do what?
27. What established the principle that the United States has the right to act as the "policeman of the Western Hemisphere" and intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American nations?
28. Yellow journalists created support for the Spanish-American War by writing articles about what?
29. What early twentieth-century foreign policy development is associated with the region depicted on this map?
30. What issue does this political cartoon the 1890s depict?
Constructed Response Question
31.
US BECOMES A WORLD POWER REVIEW
Answer Section
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
A nation benefited from having a strong navy and the overseas bases needed to maintain it.
2. ANS:
Latin American countries defaulting on their debts to foreign investors.
3. ANS:
Equal access to trade in areas of China controlled by foreign governments.
4. ANS:
To create stability abroad for the benfit of US commericial interests.
5. ANS:
The United States has a compelling interest to intervene in nations whose political stability is threatened.
6. ANS:
Increased commercial opportunities for US businesses
7. ANS:
Passage of the Platt Amenment
8. ANS:
Queen Liliuokalani’s attempt to reduce the poltical influence of American sugar planters
9. ANS:
Its economy was among the most modern in Asia.
10. ANS:
US conquest and possession of overseas territories
11. ANS:
Under the Monroe Doctrine, the United States aimed to prevent the possible intervention of European nations.
12. ANS:
Open Door Policy, Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, Moral Diplomacy
13. ANS:
Japan’s emmergence as a world power after its defeat of Russia in a 1905 war.
14. ANS:
The Spanish-American War
15. ANS:
The Open Door Policy attempted to secure for the United States the same power enjoyed by other western countries in China.
16. ANS:
Demonstration of United States’ ability to defend its international interests.
17. ANS:
the Platt Amendment.
18. ANS:
Colombia refused to ratify an agreement allowing construction of the Panama Canl.
19. ANS:
Guam. the Philippines, and Puerto Rico
20. ANS:
Open Door
21. ANS:
unilateralist
22. ANS:
Monroe Doctrine
23. ANS:
The United States should become a worldclass power.
The United States should expand to compete economically.
The United States should spread its ideals to other parts of the world.
24. ANS:
It shifted U.S. policy toward imperialism.
25. ANS:
promote United States influence in Latin America
26. ANS:
gain overseas markets and sources of raw materials
27. ANS:
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
28. ANS:
sinking of the United States battleship Maine in Havana Harbor
29. ANS:
Big Stick
30. ANS:
The plight of Cuba
ESSAY
31. ANS:
A. Explain the meaning of the caption “Ten thousand miles from tip to tip”:
During the Age of Imperialism, the United States acquired lands spanning from the Philippines to Eastport, Maine. The distance spanned was roughly 10,000 miles, which represented the extent of the United States influence in its imperialistic contest with other world powers.
B. Explain the artist’s views on imperialism by discussing two uses of symbolism in the cartoon:
The artist appears to project a nationalistic pride and advocacy of U.S. imperial power. The United States started from humble beginnings and grew to become a global power by 1898.
.. Using the eagle to symbolize the United States, the artist portrays the United States as a new imperialistic power building an empire. The outstretched eagle’s wings “embrace” the possessions below and are poised to defend/protect them.
.. The image of the sun in the background implies the dawning of a new era and perhaps represents the new prominence of the United States as a world leader. The sun casts light upon the vast reach of the United States. Previously, other European powers had held this role. This applies especially to England; the saying “The sun never sets on the British Empire” emphasizes the extent of Britain’s influence.
.. A small map of the United States in 1798 is shown in contrast to the large map of the United States shown in 1898. The relative size of the eagle and the country shows the immense change brought on by this age of imperialism.
.. The age of imperialism is often called jingoistic (Jingoism is extreme patriotism in the form of an aggressive foreign policy). However, this term did not enter the U.S. vernacular until the turn of the twentieth century. During the nineteenth century (when this image was published), journalists referred to this attitude as “spreadeagleism.”
This attitude is literally depicted in the cartoon by the large eagle with its
giant wingspan over the entire region.
Support your interpretation by describing the history of U.S. imperialism involving at least two of the islands shown on the map:
Manila (the capital of the Philippines): The Philippines had fought on the side of the United States during the Spanish-American War and were expecting freedom as their reward.
Following the conclusion of the war, however, the United States purchased the Philippines from Spain and imposed U.S. rule. A revolution followed, in which the Philippines were defeated by American forces.
Samoa: The United States signed a treaty with Samoa in 1878 that established a naval base on the island, one of a series of naval bases established by the United States in the Pacific Ocean during this time. The United States and Germany partitioned the islands in 1899.
Hawaii: The United States involvement in Hawaii began with U.S. sugar growers’ economic efforts there. The influence of this group was eventually challenged by Queen Liliuokalani, a native Hawaiian. The sugar growers, with support from U.S. Marines requested by the ambassador to Hawaii, deposed the queen and seized political power over the island.
Following several years of debate, the islands were annexed by the United States. The U.S. government also established a naval base at Pearl Harbor.
Puerto Rico: Puerto Rico was added as a U.S. territory following the Treaty of Paris in 1898, which ended the Spanish-American War. Puerto Rico was formerly governed by Spain.