PS 111. Professional Studies Unit 3: Shipping
Unit 6 / Marine Personnel

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PS 111. Professional Studies Unit 3: Shipping

7.0 Crewing

7.1

Marine Licensing (ML)

Merchant Mariners Document

All mariners employed aboard U.S. merchant vessels greater than 100 gt, except operators of uninspected passenger vessels, are required to have a valid U.S. Merchant Mariner’s Document (MMD).

Ratings (unlicensed)

Unqualified (Entry Level) Ratings; Ordinary Seaman, Wiper, Steward’s Dept.

Qualified Ratings: AB, Lifeboatman, QMED require minimum sea experience & a written exam

Deck Licenses

Master, Chief Mate, 2nd Mate, 3rd Mate

Tonnage and location (inland, near coastal, any ocean) limitations

Engine Licenses

Chief Engineer, 1st Asst Engr, 2nd Asst Engr, 3rd Asst Engr, DDE

Horsepower (1000 hp, 4000 hp, unlimited hp) limitations

Marine Inspection

Certificate of Inspection (COI) describes the vessel, the route(s) that it may travel, the minimum manning requirements, the survival and rescue craft carried, the minimum fire extinguishing equipment and lifejackets required

NOTES:

to be carried, the maximum number of passengers and total persons that may be carried, the name of the owner and managing operator, any equivalencies accepted or authorized Vessels are classified as either inspected or un-inspected defined in the Code of Federal Regulations and only inspected vessels are issued a COI.

Inspected Vessels include:

 Large & Small passenger ships Container & General Cargo ships Tank ships Tank barges Freight barges (>15 GT) Oil spill recovery vessels Training ships Oceanographic research vessels Submersibles Offshore Supply Vessels

Inspections include:

Tailshaft Examinations Installation tests / inspectionsMaterial Inspections(Hull, Machinery, Electrical, Lifesaving, Fire protection, Pressure vessels and boilers, Steering systems, Sanitary inspection, etc.)SOLAS compliance

NOTES:

Modern Ships Compliment

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PS 111. Professional Studies Unit 3: Shipping
Deck Dept. / Engine Dept / Steward’s Dept.
Modern Tanker (Compliment of 14-20) / Licensed:
Captain
Chief Mate
2nd Mate
3rd Mate / Licensed:
Chief Engineer
1st Engineer
2nd Engineer
3rd Engineer
Unlicensed:
AB’s (2-3)
OS’s (2-3) / Unlicensed:
QMED's (2-3) / Unlicensed:
Steward/Cook
Messman (1-2)
Passenger Ship (Compliment of 500-1500) / Licensed:
Captain
Staff Captain
Chief Mate (1-2)
2nd Mate (2-3)
3rd Mate (3-6) / Licensed:
Chief Engineer
Staff Chief
1st Engineer (1-2)
2nd Engineer (2-3)
3rd Engineer (3-12)
Unlicensed:
AB’s (6-12)
OS’s & Deck Maint Staff / Unlicensed:
QMED's (6-12)
Engr Maint Staff / Unlicensed:
Chief Steward
Galley Staff
Dinning Staff
Housekeeping Staff
Chief Purser
Cruise Staff
Tug//Towboat
Workboat
(Compliment of 4 to 10) / Licensed:
Captain
Mates (1-3) / Licensed:
Chief Engineer
Assistant Engineer (0-2)
Unlicensed:
AB’s (1-2)
OS’s (1-2) / Unlicensed:
QMED’s (0-2) / Unlicensed:
Steward/Cook (0-1)
Small Passenger Vessel (Compliment of 6-14) / Licensed:
Captain
Mate (0-1) / Licensed:
Chief Engineer
(0-1)
Assistant Engineer (0-2)
Unlicensed:
AB’s (0-2)
OS’s (1-2) / Unlicensed:
QMED’s (0-2) / Unlicensed:
Chief Steward
Galley Staff
Dinning Staff
Housekeeping Staff
Chief Purser
Cruise Staff

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PS 111. Professional Studies Unit 3: Shipping

Chain of Command – Chain of command aboard is standard in the marine industry.

The Captain sets the tone for the vessel and assigns a Watch Bill for crewmembers.


7.2 Officers

Those holding and sailing on their license are considered ships officers and are broken into two categories Deck and Engine.

NOTES:

Deck

  • Master Responsible to the ship, crew, and Company. The Master is responsible for all ship function including navigation, cargo maintenance, state of the vessel, ship’s business, crew payroll, and compliance with maritime laws, rules, and regulations
  • Chief Mate - Responsible to the Captain and second in command and therefore, is the master’s direct representative, and all officers are under his orders in matters pertaining to operation and maintenance of the vessel except insofar as such matters are the direct responsibility of the Chief Engineer of Chief Steward.

The “Mate” supervises the Deck Department Operations and maintenance work, and is in charge of cargo loading, stowage planning, and discharge

  • Second Mate - Stands Bridge watches at sea and cargo watches in port. Main Navigational officer, and is responsible for maintaining the charts, gyrocompass, and plotting the course and distances as per the master’s intention.
  • Third Mate - This officer stands bridge watches at sea, and cargo watches in port. This officer is usually responsible for maintaining the ship’s safety, rescue and survival equipment

NOTES:

Engine

  • Chief Engineer - (the “Chief”) Responsible to the Captain. Responsible to ensure the most cost effective and efficient function of all machinery on board. In command of the Engine Department and engine personnel. The Chief must also ensure compliance with

Maritime laws, rules, and regulations pertaining to

machinery testing,

inspection and environmental pollution

  • First Assistant Engineer- (the “First”) is the engineering officer next in rank to the Chief Engineer, and is responsible for the daily activities of the engine room personnel. Supervises maintenance and repair functions, maintains preventive maintenance records, and maintains spare parts inventory.
  • Second Assistant Engineer - The second engineer traditionally has been the engineer responsible for transferring fuel each day from the storage tanks to the settlers
  • Third Assistant Engineer

Lube oil Third - responsible for monitoring/adding lube oil to the main engines and operating the lube oil purifiers. Water Third - responsible for the operation of the evaporators and chemicals. Turd Third - One lucky third engineer will always be responsible for the MSD system

NOTES:

7.3 Unlicensed Crew

Deck

  • Able Bodied Sailor (“AB”) At sea is expected to stand a trick at the wheel, perform look out, handle flags and rig pilot ladders. In port is expected to handle mooring lines, operate windlass, tend gangway, safety nets and lights, and go aloft in the rigging for maintenance.
  • Ordinary Sailor (the “ordinary”) is an entry level rating in deck department. This seaman assist the AB’s in the duties described above, and performs sanitary work on the bridge and in the deck berthing spaces.

Engine

  • Qualified Member Engine Department (“QMED”)- This position must be able to perform all unlicensed work in the engine room, and capable of operating the automated engine room console.
  • Wiper - This is the entry level rating in the Engine Department and performs general cleaning and unskilled labor in the machinery space.

Stewards

  • Chief Cook - Responsible for provisions, meals, and Galley.
  • Mess man - This is the entry level rating in the Steward Department

NOTES:

7.4 Marine Pilots

Marine Pilots serve many purposes and may or may not be compulsory. Pilots act as advisors and do not relieve the Master from his/her duties. The Master is always in charge of the ship and may take the helm from the pilot at any time.

  • State Pilots are both State and Federal licensed mariners and are compulsory for vessels entering a US Port for a foreign port (including enrolled ships) and all foreign ships entering US Ports. The States they represent sets state Pilot rates and there may be only one State Pilot organization for a body of water.
  • Federal Pilots are Federal licensed mariners and may pilot vessels not restricted to State Pilots. Federal Pilots pilot enrolled vessels not engaged in foreign voyages and often work with tugboats docking and undocking ships of both US and foreign registry.
  • Acting as a Pilot – Is permissible for mariners operating in Pilotage waters <1,600 Tons pursuant to the mariner having met certain requirements including round trips, recency, and annual physical.

NOTES:

7.5 Safety

  • Vessel Familiarization (All Vessels) 46 CFR 15.405 Each licensed, registered, or certificated individual must become familiar with the relevant characteristic of the vessel on which engaged prior to assuming his or her duties. As appropriate, these include but are not limited to:
  • general arrangements of the vessel
  • maneuvering characteristics
  • proper operation of the installed navigation equipment
  • firefighting and lifesaving equipment
  • stability and loading characteristics
  • emergency duties
  • main propulsion and auxiliary machinery, including steering gear systems and controls
  • Designated Person is mandated by requirement 4 of the International Safety Management (ISM) code. The Designated Person ensures the safe operation of each ship and provides a link between the Company and those on board. Every Company, as appropriate, should designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of management. The responsibility and authority of the designated person or persons should include monitoring the safety and pollution-prevention aspects of the operation of each ship and ensuring that adequate resources and shore-based support are applied, as required

NOTES:

7.6 Unions

  • Companies may be Union, Non-Union, Multiple Union, or Spit Union. In the early 20th century little if any union activity was present in the marine industry. Over the years mariners voted in Unions in large numbers for both licensed and non-licensed positions. Unions helped advance mariner working conditions (safety, hours, equal time), wages, seniority protection, training, and represented mariners in labor disputes. Non-Union shops dictate negotiated benefits to be provided via company promise sans organized representation. As both union and non-union jobs exist in the marine industry it is an individuals choice
  • Master, Mates, and Pilots (MMP)
  • Marine Engineers Benevolent Association – (MEBA)
  • American Maritime Officers (AMO)
  • United Marine Division (UMD)
  • Seafarers International Union (SIU)

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PS 111. Professional Studies Unit 3: Shipping

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