United States HistoryFall 2006 Goal 7 EOC Review

Base your answer to question 1 on the chart below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Rural and Urban Populations

in the United States

Year / Rural / Urban
1860
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1920 / 25,226,803
28,656,010
36,059,474
40,873,501
45,997,336
50,164,495
51,768,255 / 6,216,518
9,902,361
14,129,735
22,106,265
30,214,832
42,064,001
54,253,282

1. Which generalization about population growth is supported by the information in this chart? (7.01)

AFor every census listed, rural population exceeded urban population.

BBy 1920, more people lived in cities than in rural areas.

CThe Civil War significantly slowed the rate of population growth.

DMost urban population growth was due to people migrating from rural areas.

2. What was a result of the growth of big business in the late 1800s? (7.01)

Aa reduction in child labor

Bthe elimination of the middle class

Cthe widening of the economic gap between rich and poor

Da shift in transportation investment from railroads to canals

3. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, where did most of the immigrants to the United States settle? (7.01)

Aurban centers of the Northeast

Bplantations of the New South

Cmining areas of the Far West

Dfarming regions of the Great Plains

Base your answers to question4 on the cartoon below and your knowledge of social studies.

“One sees his finish unless good government retakes the ship.” – George Luks, The Verdict, June 5, 1899 (adapted)

4. What is the main idea of the cartoon? (7.01)

AGovernment policies have created a recession.

BAmericans support the activities of the trusts.

CGood government has saved the country from trusts.

DTrusts are a threat to the nation.

5. Between 1880 and 1900, why did most immigrants coming to the United States settle in the cities along the east coast? (7.01)

Amany factory jobs were available in the East

Blittle farmland remained to be settled in the Midwest

Cmost immigrants came from the cities of Europe

Dcity laws afforded special rights and protections for immigrants

6. In 1906, what did the publication of The Jungle, written by Upton Sinclair, lead Congress to do? (7.01)

Aenact stronger prohibition laws

Bsupport the national conservation movement

Cestablish a system for meat inspection

Dlegalize strikes and boycotts by labor unions

7. The photographs of Jacob Riis are most closely associated with the (7.01)

Abattlefields of the Civil War

Bliving conditions of the urban poor

Cplight of sharecroppers in the South

Dvictims of the Dust Bowl on the Great Plains

8. During the Progressive Era, why did muckrakers publisharticles and novels? (7.01)

Ato advance their own political careers

Bto make Americans aware of problems in society

Cto help the federal government become more efficient

Dto provide entertainment for readers

9. What did the tragedy of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire of 1911 draw national attention to the need to do? (7.01)

Arestrict immigration from southern Europe

Bestablish full-time fire departments

Cprotect the safety of workers

Dimprove conditions for tenement dwellers

10. How did muckrakers contribute to the rise of Progressivism in the early years of the 20th century? (7.01)

Achallenging big government and urging a return to past conditions

Bexposing widespread corruption in business and government

Cwriting favorable biographies about wealthy Americans

Daligning themselves with the women’s suffrage movement

11. What was a goal of the Progressive movement? (7.01)

Areduce the government’s involvement in social issues

Bcorrect the problems caused by industrialization

Cpromote laissez-faire policies

Dpromote settlement of land west of the Mississippi River

12. During the Progressive Era, Jane Addams responded to urban conditions by working to establish (7.02)

Asettlement houses that provided assistance to the poor

Bnewspapers that helped inform American about slum conditions

Claws that restricted certain immigrant groups

Dfree public schools located in inner-city neighborhoods

13. What was a goal of Progressive Era reforms such as the initiative, referendum, and recall? (7.02)

Aincrease the power of citizens in state and local government

Breestablish the system of checks and balances

Cprovide low-interest loans to farmers

Dexpand voting rights to Native Americans

14. Which president was known as a trustbuster? (7.02)

AGeorge Washington

BCalvin Coolidge

CTheodore Roosevelt

DDwight Eisenhower

Base your answer to question 15 on the table below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Progressive Era Legislation

Date / Legislation / Purpose
1905 / United States Forest Service established / Manage the nation’s water and timber resources
1906 / Meat Inspection Act / Regulate meat processing to ensure clean conditions
1906 / Pure Food and Drug Act / Outlaw dishonest labeling of food and drugs
1913 / Department of Labor established / Promote the interests of working people

15. What was the common purpose of these legislative acts? (7.02)

Aprotect the nation’s natural resources

Bimprove conditions for recent immigrants to the United States

Cadvance the growth of big business

Dpromote the general welfare of the American public

16. Why was the Federal Reserve System created? (7.02)

Ato maintain a national petroleum supply

Bto provide military support for the armed forces

Cprotect consumers from fraud

Dmanage the nation’s supply of currency and interest rates

17. The Sherman Antitrust Act and the Clayton Antitrust Act were passed in an effort to (7.02)

Apromote the formation of new trusts

Bmaintain competition in business

Cincrease business investment

Dlimit the activities of foreign corporation

18. To improve distribution of money and guarantee an adequate money supply, what did President Woodrow Wilson ask Congress to do? (7.02)

Aeliminate the gold standard

Blimit foreign investment

Cprovide insurance for bank deposits

Destablish the Federal Reserve System

19. In 1920, how did women gain the right to vote? (7.02)

Apresidential order

BSupreme Court decision

Cnational election

Dconstitutional amendment

20. “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. . . .” -15th Amendment, Section 1, United States Constitution, 1870

Which actions did Southern States take to keep African Americans from exercising the rights guaranteed in this amendment? (7.03)

Asuspending habeas corpus and denying women the right to vote

Bcollecting poll taxes and requiring literacy tests

Cestablishing religious and property-holding requirements for voting

Dpassing Black Codes and establishing segregated schools

21. In the South, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the 1870s and 1880s led directly to the (7.03)

Aracial integration of public schools

Bdecline of the Democratic Party

Corganization of the Ku Klux Klan

Dsegregation of public facilities

22. How did the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) have a major impact on the lives of African Americans? (7.03)

Asegregation was legal in educational institutions

Bvoting was a right guaranteed by the Constitution

Cseparate but equal public facilities were legal

Dmilitary occupation of the South was unconstitutional

Base your answer to question 23 on the poem below and your knowledge of social studies

One Way Ticket

I am fed up

With Jim Crow laws,

People who are cruel

And afraid,

Who lynch and run,

Who are scared of me

And me of them.

I pick up my life

And take it away

On a one-way ticket

Gone Up North

Gone Out West
Gone!

-Langston Hughes, 1926

23. Why does the author state that he has “Gone”? (7.03)

Ajobs were available in northern industries

Bthere was no racial prejudice in the West

Cfarmland was more available in the North

Dracial discrimination drove him away

24. Which leader founded a vocational training institution in the late 1800s to improve economic opportunities for African Americans? (7.03)

AGeorge Washington Carver

BFrederick Douglass

CW. E. B. Du Bois

DBooker T. Washington

25. What was one idea that both Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois supported? (7.03)

AAfrican Americans should have increased civil rights

Bvocational training was the best approach to education

Cimmigration was responsible for racial segregation

DJim Crow laws were needed to help African Americans

26. In the early 20th century, which policy for the advancement of African American was favored by W. E. B. Du Bois and the newly formed National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)? (7.03)

Amass migration to northern cities

Bimmediate action to end segregation and win equal rights

Cestablishment of a new republic in Africa for freedmen

Demphasis on economic advancement over social equality

27. In which area did the views of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois differ most? (7.03)

Athe need to stop violence against African Americans

Bthe speed with which full equality of the races should be achieved

Cthe need to integrate the armed forces

Dthe idea of including white Americans in their political organizations

28. A significant contribution to the industrialization of the United States was Henry Ford’s development of (7.04)

Athe assembly line

Belectric-powered vehicles

Cthe first holding company

Da new process for making steel

29. Henry Ford produced a more affordable car primarily because his company (7.04)

Apaid workers lower wages than its competitors paid

Bused foreign-made parts

Cdeveloped a less expensive method of production

Doffered a variety of options to buyers

30. Improved mass-production techniques affected the American economy of the 1920s by (7.04)

Areducing prices of consumer goods

Blowering the quality of most products

Ccausing higher unemployment

Ddecreasing the quantity of manufactured products

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