NAME: ______DATE: ______

Unit Six: Colonial Legacy Created by European Powers: (Exam Tip, p. 860)

East Asia: pp. 787-788, 837, 843-844 / South Asia: pp.858-866 / Africa: pp. 776-784, 866-870 / Latin America: pp. 789-791, 838, 870-877
Political / Big Idea: European colonialism led to collapse of Qing in 1911. This shifted the balance of power from China to Japan. It left a legacy of political weakness that led to a power vacuum. After defeat of warlords, Guomindang & Communists fought civil war. Japan saw China as vulnerable aggressively imperialized China for resources.
Evidence:
Communists: used guerrilla tactics, treated peasants w/respect
Resisted Japanese –Small group survived “Long March” to form revived Communist movement-defeated Guomingdang after WW2.
Japan-Modern reform emerged from oligarchic elites
Hard-hit by depression-wanted to colonize China for resources
1937-Defeated China in Sino-Japanese War
1937-1938-“Rape of Nanjing”
Manchurian Incident-Creation of “Manchukuo”
Increasing militarism-drained economy & resources
1941-Japanese took over Indochina
1941- attacked US @Pearl Harbor
1942-1945-Pacific War ended w/bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki / Big Idea: Nationalist Movements / Big Idea: / Big Idea:
Religion / Christianity dangerous-undermines traditional Chinese values. / Big Idea: / Big Idea: / Big Idea:
Economic / Big Idea:
China-farmers had small plots of land-no farming innovations
Foreign trade small part of economy
Huge gap btween rich foreigners & squalor of urban poor
Mao listened to & redistributed land to peasants, resisted Japanese
1958-“Great Leap Forward”-Intense industrialization
Japan-few nat resources, little arable land
Industrialization continued-grew 4x faster than W. Europe, 8x faster than China
Main beneficiaries of prosperity were “zaibatsu”-controlled most industry and commerce.
Farmers-1/2 population-remained poor. Girls “sold” to textile mills. Labor unions weak.Prosperity depended on foreign trade. Imported most fuel, raw materials, machine tools, even food.Vulnerable to swings in world economy. / Big Idea: / Big Idea: / Big Idea:
Social / Big Idea: Racism
China-increasing pop, mostly peasants
Landowners-lived off tenant rents
Officials-taxes, govern monopolies
Wealthy foreigners, opium addicts, gangsters
Mao relied on peasantry, advocated equality for women-banned “footbinding”-no leadership roles
Japan-increasing pop
Economic growth aggravated social tensions. “New Rich” adopted foreign ways-shocked traditionalists / Big Idea: Racism / Big Idea: Racism / Big Idea: Racism

FRQ: Compare and contrast TWO colonial regions in at least TWO of the following: Political, Economic, Social, Religion. Include reasons and impact/significance.

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