DRAFTING ISummer 2003

UNIT I: Leadership

Competency: 001.00

Demonstrate basic business meeting skills and goal setting.

Objective: 001.01

Demonstrate basic business meeting skills.

Introduction: The purpose of this unit is to familiarize students with running a basic business meeting, set personal goals, and identify career goals and opportunities related to engineering and technical graphics. Students participating in Skills USA VICA competitions should become proficient in running business meetings especially if they are local chapter officers. See the T&I Leadership Guide for a complete set of materials for this section of the curriculum guide.

Basic Parliamentary Procedure – The complete guide to Parliamentary Procedure is Robert’s Rules of Order, Newly Revised. Parliamentary Procedure is set of rules for conduct at meetings which keeps assemblies orderly and guarantees that all people have equal opportunity to express themselves. See the T&I Leadership Guide for a complete set of materials for this section of the curriculum guide.

Motions and their purposes

  1. Main Motion – To present an item of business for consideration and action by the assembly.
  2. Amend – To change a main motion in some way; add to, take away from, or substitute words for.
  3. Postpone – To defer action of a motion until a later time.
  4. Point of order – To call attention to a mistake in correct parliamentary procedure made during the meeting.
  5. Question of privilege – To ask a question or call attention to the assembly of an important issue during the meeting.
  6. Division of the assembly – To revote in a specific counting method especially after using a voice vote.
  7. Refer – To place a motion in the hands of a committee.
  8. Previous question – To immediately stop debate and go directly to a vote.
  9. Adjourn – To dismiss a meeting.

Terms and definitions associated with business meetings

  1. Parliamentary Procedure – A set of rules for conduct at meetings which keeps assemblies orderly and guarantees that all people have equal opportunity to express themselves.
  2. Item of Business – A single matter to be discussed or acted on by an organization.
  3. Assembly – Group of persons gathered for any purpose.
  4. Debate – Any discussion of opposing ideas relating to a motion being considered.
  5. Minutes – The official written record of what was said and done in a meeting.
  6. Committee – A group of people delegated to study, investigate, make recommendations, and report on certain matters.
  7. Ad Hoc – A special committee formed to consider a single matter.
  8. Standing – A regular committee which usually serves for a one year period to plan and carry out activities that fall within a certain subject area.
  9. Unfinished Business – Any business previously discussed and held over from a previous meeting.
  10. Majority vote – More than half the votes cast.
  11. Two-thirds vote – Two-thirds or more of the legal votes cast.
  12. Second – An indication by a member that he or she wants to consider the motion just proposed by another member.
  13. Pending motion – The immediate motion before the assembly.
  14. Meeting – An official gathering of the members in order to transact business.
  15. Minority – Less than half.
  16. Majority – More than half.
  17. Quorum – The number of members needed to be present to legally transact business.
  1. Parts to an order of business.

(It is recommended that an order of business be developed for each business meeting. A suggestion is to follow the outline below and plug in what would be appropriate to individual business meetings.)

  1. Opening

(Call to order, emblem ceremony, pledge to the flag)

  1. Roll call
  2. Reading of the Secretary’s minutes
  3. Treasurer’s report
  4. Committee reports
  5. Standing
  6. Ad Hoc
  7. Unfinished business
  8. New business
  9. Program (speaker, film, etc.)
  10. Adjournment
  11. Refreshments
  1. Suggested guidelines to ensure a good meeting.
  1. Advance planning
  2. Start and stop the meeting on time
  3. Follow the order of business
  4. Have well-prepared and organized committee reports
  5. Involve all members in some way
  6. Provide entertainment or refreshments

Raps of the gavel and their purposes

  1. One rap – Everyone should be seated
  2. Two raps – The meeting is called to order
  3. Three raps – Everyone should stand up

Parliamentary Procedure principles and purposes

  1. Majority rules
  2. Minority has the right to express opinions
  3. Justice and courtesy for all
  4. One item is considered at a time
  5. Maintain order at all times
  6. Business is transacted quickly and efficiently
  1. Purpose of using a motion is to bring a question before the assembly for consideration.

Steps for processing a main motion

  1. Obtain the floor (Be recognized by the Chair by standing and saying Mr. Chairman)
  2. Chair assigns the floor (The Chair recognizes one of the members by pointing or nodding)
  3. Member makes the motion (states “I move that …”)
  4. Another member seconds the motion
  5. Chair restates the motion to the assembly
  6. Motion is discussed/debated by the assembly
  7. Vote is taken on the motion
  8. Vote is announced and appropriate action is taken

Methods of voting during a business meeting

  1. Secret ballot
  2. Voice – Used on majority vote motions by stating Aye or No
  3. Show of hands – Used in smaller assemblies to count the votes
  4. Rising – Used in larger assemblies to count the votes

General Consent – Used in matters generally understood to have no objection
UNIT I: Leadership

Competency: 001.00

Demonstrate basic business meeting skills and goal setting.

Objective: 001.02

Establish personal and organizational goals.

  1. Personal career planning process
  2. Self Assessment
  3. Talents – “What do I like to do?”
  4. Skills – “What do I do well?”
  5. Values – “What do I feel strongly about?”
  6. Personality – “Who am I?”
  7. Only YOU can determine the best career path
  8. Career Exploration
  9. Career choices, options, opportunities
  10. Variety of school courses
  11. Career fairs and Job Shadowing
  12. Education, Experience, Certifications
  13. Goal Setting
  14. Short-Term Goals
  15. Generally can be achieved in less than five years
  16. Built around existing knowledge and training
  17. Should be realistic
  18. Long-Term Goals - Project short-term goals into the future
  19. Professionally
  20. Financially
  21. Emotionally and socially
  22. Take Action
  23. Personal action plan
  24. Constantly evaluate action plan
  25. Lifelong Learning
  26. In a world of dynamic change, continued learning is essential
  27. To progress in any career, individuals must keep up with changes and progress
  28. Company-provided courses
  29. Continuing education
  30. Internet courses
  31. Trade journals
  32. Department of Labor classifies occupations into four broad categories
  33. People
  34. Working for the betterment of others
  35. Teachers, social workers, childcare workers, policemen, etc.
  36. Data
  37. Working with numbers, information processing, policies and procedures
  38. Accountants, computer programmers, researchers, data examiners, clerks
  39. Things
  40. Working with tools, equipment and machines
  41. Cooks, air traffic controllers, carpenters, mechanics, electronic technicians, drafters
  42. Ideas
  43. Working with concepts, themes or inventions
  44. Musicians, artists, composers, writers
  45. Drafting is an occupation in the “Things” category
  46. Drafters typically work alone or in small groups
  47. Sharing information is necessary to accomplish tasks
  48. Resources
  49. Career Choices In North Carolina
  50. Career Development Resource Guide and User’s Guide for Career Choices in North Carolina
  51. State Occupational Information Coordinating Committee Web Site,
  52. Getting Started: North Carolina Jobs and Careers
  53. Occupational Outlook Handbook Web Site,

UNIT I: Leadership

Competency: 001.00

Demonstrate basic business meeting skills and goal setting.

Objective: 001.03

Identify career goals and opportunities related to engineering and technical graphics.

  1. Successful designer/drafter
  2. Knowledge
  3. Skills
  4. Characteristics
  5. Education
  6. Drafting Careers
  7. Engineer
  8. Manufacturing
  9. Electrical
  10. Transportation
  11. Fabrication
  12. Construction
  13. Architecture
  14. Public Utilities
  15. State and Local Government
  16. Armed Services
  17. College and Universities
  18. Term definitions
  19. Career – a series of related jobs built on a foundation of interest, knowledge, training, and experience
  20. Job – work that people do for pay
  21. CAD – Computer-Aided Drafting or Computer-Aided Design
  22. CADD – Computer Aided Design & Drafting
  23. Conceptual Design
  24. Computer Literacy
  25. Prototype – an actual physical model of a product. Rapid prototyping – creates a 3D “print” of a proposed part
  26. Basic Drafting Jobs
  27. Drafter Trainee
  28. Assists with drawing preparation and performs support tasks
  29. Typically requires high school diploma including drafting classes and/or apprenticeships during high school
  30. Junior Drafter
  31. Prepares drawings under direction of drafting technician or senior detailer
  32. Typically requires at least one year of high school drafting and an associate degree in drafting technology
  33. Drafting Technician (Drafter)
  34. Prepares drawings with less supervision than a Junior Drafter
  35. Typically requires an associate degree in drafting technology and one year of drafting experience
  36. Design Drafting Technician
  37. Combines design and drafting skills, interpretation of designer’s sketches and engineer’s details
  38. Typically requires an associate degree in drafting technology and one year of drafting experience
  39. Designer
  40. Works with engineers and drafters to turn conceptual design into usable production drawings and specifications
  41. Typically requires an associate degree and at least five years industrial experience, knowledge of design process and drawing requirements
  42. Checker
  43. Experienced drafter who checks drawings created by drafting technicians for accuracy and completeness
  44. Typically requires an associate degree and at least five years industrial experience, detailed knowledge of design process and drawing requirements
  45. Senior Detailer
  46. Especially skilled in understanding details of how things work and go together, capable of detailing complex parts and making details understandable
  47. Typically requires an associate degree and at least five years industrial experience, knowledge of drawing requirements
  48. Engineer
  49. Has at least a four-year degree in an engineering specialty
  50. Must be licensed by the states in which they operate
  51. Many specialized branches
  52. Uses technical drawings to communicate ideas and products for manufacturing or construction
  53. Most major corporations employ a complete engineering design team

1)Research and development personnel

2)Development engineer

3)Project engineer

4)Design engineer

5)Technical illustrator

  1. Branches of Engineering
  2. Aerospace
  3. Designs aircraft for NASA, public transportation and military applications.
  4. May work with sub-systems, such as electrical, mechanical, structural, etc.
  5. Architecture
  6. Interest in building and construction
  7. Typically, Architects and Architectural Designers have a four or five-year degree and must be licensed by the states in which they operate
  8. Additional courses of study for specializing in various fields

1)Landscape architects

2)City planners

3)Interior designers

  1. Create original designs that are pleasing to the eye as well as functional and meet client and code requirements
  2. Drawings include floor plans, foundation plans, site plans, elevations, and specialty plans for electrical, plumbing, heating & air, etc.
  1. Civil
  2. Designs structures, environmental systems, and various construction projects.
  3. Arguably the oldest engineering profession.
  4. May do analysis and design for materials and structural systems for buildings, aircraft, etc.
  5. Electrical/Electronic
  6. Designs electric power devices, controls, mechanisms, and electrical systems.
  7. Works with power transmission, analog and digital circuits, and communications.
  8. Mechanical
  9. Similar to engineering with more emphasis on creative abilities of the drafter: creativity, ingenuity and technical knowledge
  10. Work from sketches or just a memo describing a new product idea
  11. Determine how or if ideas might work and provide accurate drawings and specifications for proposed products
  12. Technical Illustration
  13. Provides realistic pictorial drawings or 3D computer models of proposed new products or construction that show how a proposed product will look and work in a way that a client with no technical training can understand
  14. Must have a strong background in drafting principles and understand how to read technical drawings
  15. Must have a good imagination
  16. Entrepreneurship
  17. Organizes and then runs a business
  18. Self-employed, often working at home from a computer
  19. Some subcontract specialized jobs
  20. Positive aspects include job satisfaction, good income, you are in charge
  21. Negative aspects include financial risk, long hours, no guarantee of success
  1. Workplace Skills
  2. Soft skills involve getting along with others and working well with them
  3. Employers want employees who follow policies and procedures

1)Dress code

2)Attendance

3)Promptness

  1. Form good habits while still in school
  1. Personal Relationships
  2. Maintain good relationships with employer and coworkers
  3. Take genuine interest in people who work around you
  4. Respect that people come from a variety of cultures
  5. Attitude
  6. Maintain a positive, enthusiastic attitude
  7. Others may judge you on your personal attitude as well as your work
  8. Try to see yourself as others see you
  9. Be willing to learn
  10. Communication Skills
  11. Communicate clearly and precisely
  12. Understand spoken and written instructions from others
  13. Give clear instructions verbally and in written form
  14. Explain potential problems effectively
  15. Use appropriate body language
  16. Demonstrate good telephone etiquette
  17. Use good e-mail etiquette
  18. Self-Management
  19. Manage work with minimal supervision, be a “self-starter”
  20. Recognize problems related to work, identify causes, develop and implement solutions
  21. Punctuality, dependability, reliability
  22. Time Management
  23. In business, time is money
  24. Develop a work schedule

1)Determine deadlines as realistically as possible

2)Maintain a project calendar

  1. Ethical Behavior - Principles of conduct that govern any group or society
  2. Deal honestly with employers and coworkers
  3. Respect company property
  4. Keep company information confidential
  5. Maintain personal integrity, while honoring the values of others
  6. Leadership
  7. Take responsibility by joining organizations and becoming a worker while still in school
  8. Skills USA-VICA provides opportunity for leadership development
  9. Good leadership requires people skills
  10. Good leaders must know how to follow directions
  11. Be aware of codes, laws, standards and regulations that apply to work
  12. Teamwork – The ability to work as part of a team is a critical employability skill
  13. Involves two important concepts

1)Cooperation - Team members must work together to achieve a common goal

2)Communication - Essential for work to go smoothly

  1. Cooperative work, sharing knowledge and skills within the group results in higher quality of work
  2. Assess knowledge and skills within the group - Responsibilities delegated effectively
  3. Periodic evaluation of team performance will help the group stay on track

AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT: Product Development

This “real world” project is designed to reinforce concepts for each competency in the Drafting Curriculum. In addition, the project incorporates the use of teamwork, communication skills, and problem solving.

  • Working in teams of 4-6, students will collaborate to design, draw and develop a marketable product.
  • Upon completion of each competency, students will produce appropriate drawings and research.
  • Communication skills may be reinforced by having students present preliminary and final project portfolios to local business representatives.

A “Job Fair” type presentation works well and puts less pressure on individuals than a formal “Stand Up” speech.

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