Unit 6: Skin/Bone/Muscle

36.3The Integumentary System

  • The integumentary system has many tissues that ______.

-The ______is the body system that surrounds all your other organ systems.

-______is the largest organ in the body.

  • Functions of the integumentary system

-serves as a ______against ______and ______

-helps to regulate ______

-removes ______from the body.

-provides protection against ______from the sun.

  • The integumentary system is made up of two main layers: ______and

______.

1)______: the outermost layer of the skin

-has two layers

outer layer is made up of ______cells

inner layer is made up of ______cells

inner layer cells undergo rapid ______, producing new cells

that push older cells to the ______of the skin.

-Cells in the epidermis produce ______and ______

Keratin makes skin ______and ______.

Melanin is a ______that absorbs ______to

protect the skin from sun damage.

Different amount of ______also results in different ______.

2) ______: the inner layer of the skin

- ______= produce sweat

sweat ______body temperature

sweat removes ______and ______

- ______= produce oil to prevent skin from drying out

- ______= covers most body sufaces

protects the ______from ______from the sun

provides ______from the cold

produced by ______.

-______= blood flow maintains ______.

-______and ______are also embedded in dermis layer.

3)______: underneath the dermis layer; serves as a ______under

the skin

36.1 The Skeletal System

  • The skeletal system includes ______and tissues that are important for ______, ______, and ______your body.
  • Functions of the Skeletal System

______the body

protects ______

______protects spinal cord

______protects heart, lungs

______protects brain

provides for ______

when ______contract, they pull on the ______, causing the bones to move

stores ______

materials inside the bones give bones their ______(ex. ______)

provides a site for ______formation

______inside the bones produce ______

  • The skeletal system is made up of ______, ______, ______, and ______.

There are ______bones that make up the human skeleton.

Ligaments = connect ______to ______

Tendons = connect ______to ______

Joints = where ______meet.

  • Parts of the skeleton

1)______skeleton

= includes ______, ______, ______, ______

= supports the ______of the body.

2)______skeleton

= includes ______, ______, ______, ______

= attached to the ______of the body

______

Skeleton Skeleton

  • Names of the bones in a skeleton
  • Structure of a bone

______

Tough layer of tissue

Blood vessels here carry ______and ______to the bone

______

______layer of the bone

______and ______

______allow blood vessels to go through

______

______layer of the bone

______and ______; adds ______without adding ______.

Protects ______and ______bone marrow

Red bone marrow produces ______; yellow bone marrow is mostly ______.

  • Development of Bones

The skeleton of an embryo is composed of ______.

Cartilage

strong ______

______body; acts as ______and ______between bones

is ______and ______than bone.

Is found in ______, ______, ______, and between bones

Cartilage is gradually replaced by ______during the process of bone formation called ______during early childhood.

  • Types of Joints

Joints permit ______without damaging each other

______forms a thin lubricating film over the surface of the joint.

enables the bones to slide past each other ______.

1)______joint

permit ______motion (90°)

ex: ______, elbow

2)______joint

allow one bone to ______another (180°)

ex: ______

3)______joint

permit movement in ______(360°)

ex: ______, pelvis

4)______joint

permit one bone to ______.

ex: ______

  • Bone Injuries

1)______= torn ______

2)______= break in a ______

3)______= bones are forced out of the ______

  • Treatment

- surgically insert ______into the injured area to hold broken bones together, so

______can begin to repair

36.2 The Muscular System

  • Muscles are tissues that can ______, enabling ______.
  • The muscular system moves substances throughout the body.

______of the skeletal system

______through digestive system

______through circulatory system

______through excretory system

  • Structure of a muscle

muscle tissue is made up of ______bundledtogether called ______

- muscles work in ______in ______directions: when one ______

(shortens), the other ______(lengthens)ex: bicep and tricep

  • There are ______types of muscle tissue.

1)______muscle

- attaches to ______

- ______(can control it)

- ______(show line pattern)

- have ______nuclei

- ex: ______, ______

2)______muscle

- ______(cannot control it)

- ______(do not show line pattern) = this is why it is called “smooth”

- have ______nucleus

- ex: ______, ______

3)______muscle

- is only found in ______

- ______(cannot control it)

- ______(show line pattern)

- have ______nuclei