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Grade 8 Social Studies – June Exam Review

Unit 2: Geographic Influences

8.2.1Demonstrate an understanding of the basic features of Canada’s landscape and climate (12)

8.2.2Analyse the effects of selected geographic factors on Canadian identity (15)

8.2.3Demonstrate an understanding of the nature of migration and its impact on post-1920 Canada(7)

8.2.4 Analyze the effect of geographic features on the development of Canada and of a selected country (Australia) with similar geographic features (8)

Unit 3: Decades of Change

8.3.7Analyse how globalization has affected Canada and Canadians since 1980 (11)

Unit 4: Citizenship

8.4.1Take age-appropriate actions that demonstrate the rights and responsibilities of citizenship (local, national, and global) (10)

8.4.2Demonstrate an understanding of how citizenship has evolved over time (10)

8.4.3Demonstrate an understanding of the structure and operation of government in Canada under a federal system (17)

Instructions: How has globalization (our interconnection and interdependence within the world) influenced us politically, economically and culturally? Consider the Globalization list below to fill in the chart summarizing in your own words 2 ways for each column on how globalization has affected Canada. Note: each statement should correctly include the word “world.” (8.3.7)

Political Aspect / Economic Aspect / Cultural Aspect
  • Canada helped the world
  • Terrorists from the world killed Canadians
/
  • Canada made trade agreements with the world
  • Canada tried to find new market in the world
  • Canada has to be more competitive with world
/
  • Canada protects its identity from world media (U.S)
  • Canada promotes its culture in the world

1)Refer to the handout on the Pros and Cons of Globalization. In your opinion is globalization “good” or “bad?” Give valid reasons for your point of view.

______

______

2)List 4 ways that globalization has influenced Canada’s environment. Consider some topics in the word box below.

1. Caused global warming (climate change)

2. Makes a hole in the ozone layer (more UV = more skin cancer)

3. Destroys wildlife and habitats and reduces oxygen

4. Causes icebergs and sea rise which causes flooding

5. Causes smog and respiratory illnesses (e.g. asthma)

Over-harvesting forest products / Variety of uses of CFCs
Burning fossil fuels / Ocean & air pollution

Instructions: Match the rights on the left with the correct explanation on the right.

a / Democratic / Explanation:
a)Right to vote
b)Right to travel and work in any province
c)Right not to be detained or imprisoned without good cause; the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty
d)Protection from discrimination on the basis of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, or mental or physical disability
e)Guarantees the official languages of Canada and respects minority language rights
f)Freedom of conscience and religion, and freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression
d / Equality
f / Fundamental
e / Language
c / Legal
b / Mobility

Instructions: Match the responsibility on the left with the correct action on the right.

f / Cultural heritage, identity and contributions / Explanation (i.e. action taken to deal with issues):
a)Become knowledgeable about current issues and debate or challenge possible solutions
b)Contribute (e.g. petition, protest, or protect)
c)Help out (i.e. charities)
d)Obey laws and participate in democracy (e.g. vote)
e)Reduce, reuse, and recycle
f)Value and celebrate diversity
b / Human rights issues
d / Principles and actions of just…democratic societies
c / Social systems or forces
e / Sustainable development
a / Understand political and economic systems or forces

Instructions: Match each factor with the correct historical time period. (8.4.2)

F 1. “freedom, equality, brotherhood”
G 2. “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
D 3. 2 levels of government (federalism)
B 4. 300 laws carved on stone pillar
A 5. Direct democracy
C 6. Parliament (not monarchy) governed
E 7. Representative group (Parliament)
H 8. Right to legal representation
E 9. Rule of law
H 10. Upper house (Senate) / A. Athenian Democracy
B. Code of Hammurabi
C. English Civil War
D. Iroquois Confederacy
E. Magna Carta
F. Revolution in France
G. Revolution in the U.S.
H. Roman Law

Instructions: Match each event with the correct aspect of Canada’s history. Some answers must be used more than once. (8.4.2)

H 1.
B 2.
B 3.
G 4.
D 5.
E 6.
F 7.
A 8.
C 9.
G10. / Abolished in British Empire in 1834
Before Contact were independent, self-governing
Europeans began a policy of assimilation
Famous Five
Farmers came from countries other than France or
Britain
French civil law and seigneurial system used
Governor and council were collectively accountable to elected assemblies
8000 were sent to Internment camps
Offered transportation & free land in Canada
Privy Council ruled that they were “persons” and could be elected / A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H. / Enemy Aliens
First Nations & Inuit
Loyalists
Multiculturalism
Quebec Act 1774
Responsible Government
Rights for Women
Slavery

Instructions: Answer the following questions about Canadian government. (8.4.3)

  1. Which system of government has two levels of government?

(a) unitary system(b) federal system

  1. What is another name for the central government? NATIONAL/FEDERAL
  1. What is another name for regional governments? PROVINCIAL
  2. These powers: health, education, and highways were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government(b) provincial government(c) municipal government

  1. These powers: snow removal, fire protection, and water supply were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government(b) provincial government(c) municipal government

  1. These powers: defense, foreign policy, and banking were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government(b) provincial government(c) municipal government

  1. Which branch of government makes laws?

(a) executive branch(b) judicial branch(c) legislative branch

  1. What does the judicial branch of government do?

(a) carry out laws(b) interpret & enforce laws(c) makes laws

  1. Which branch of government carries out laws and regulations?

(a) executive branch(b) judicial branch(c) legislative branch

Instructions: Put the following steps for a bill to become a law in the correct order. Number them correctly from #1-8. Match each step with the correct description (letter). (8.4.3)

E / 8 / Royal Assent: /
  1. Additional amendments to the bill may be moved, debated and voted on.

A / 5 / Report Stage: /
  1. The bill is debated a final time and voted on.

B / 6 / Third Reading: /
  1. The bill is “read” for the first time, without debate, and printed.

F / 7 / Message: /
  1. They hear witnesses, examine the bill clause by clause and submit a report recommending the bill be accepted as is or with amendments, or that it not proceed any further.

G / 3 / Second Reading: /
  1. The Governor General or a deputy signs the bill and it becomes an act (law) of Parliament

D / 4 / Committee Stage: /
  1. Once passed, the bill is sent to the other House, where the process starts again from first reading.

H / 1 / Introduction: /
  1. The principle of the bill is debated. It is then voted on and the bill is sent to a parliamentary committee.

C / 2 / First Reading: /
  1. The process begins when a bill is introduced.

Instructions: The Election Process: Fill in the boxes with the correct letters. (8.4.3)

Governor General calls the /
  1. Approximately 36 days

  1. All eligible citizens (18+ yrs old…)

  1. At least every 5 yrs.

  1. At the request of the prime minister

  1. Check off voters’ names

  1. Collect ballots when polls close

  1. Explain party’s platform

  1. Independents

  1. Laws regulates money amounts and TV time

  1. Member of political party

  1. On a “non-confidence motion”

  1. One vote per open position
  2. Polling station

  1. Representative

  1. Secret ballot

  1. Use media, signs, meetings, debates

  1. Votes are counted (scrutineers ensure count is fair)

election (When?) / C / D / K
Candidates nominated in each
Riding as what? / H / J
Voter list prepared (Who is on
it?) / B
Political parties run campaigns
Explain. / A / P / I / G
Citizens informed of the
location of what? / M
Voters cast ballots for candidate
(Process?) / L / O
Election officials ensure rules
are followed. How? / E / F / Q
Candidate with most votes declared the winner (Become
what?) / N

Instructions: Label the structure of the federal government correctly using the word box. (8.4.3)


Instructions: Identify, based on the description, the correct name of each landform region. (8.2.1)

  1. Hudson Bay Lowlands
  2. Western Cordillera
  3. Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands
  4. Arctic Lowlands
/
  1. Appalachian Mountains
  2. InnuitianMountains
  3. Interior Plains
  4. Canadian Shield

IP
G / Between the Shield and Western Cordillera
Extensive area of plain (3 prairie plains separated by 2 long steep slopes- escarpments)
Southern central area is semi-desert
Soil, black earth (chernozem) ideal for growing wheat
HBL
A / In northern Ontario and Manitoba
Mainly flat and poorly drained
Soil is mix of tundra and podzols (leads to swamp forests)
IM
F / In the Far North
Over 2000 m with steep-sided valleys
Too cold for trees to survive
WC
B / Parallel mountain ranges (3000 m+) Separated by plateaus
Interior valleys - good soil where rivers deposited sand/silt (large delta-Vancouver)
Western slope forest is most luxuriant, fastest-growing
2-or-300 year old fir trees may be 100+ m high and 5 m diameter
AM
E / Rolling hills and broad valleys; Deep, fertile soil
Mountains 1000 m
Coniferous and deciduous forests
More coniferous in cooler northern regions
Most of Atlantic Canada
AL
D / South of Innuitians
Upland plateau surfaces and lowland plains
Tundra, treeless plain
Cold, dry climate
Poorly drained soil
Short growing season (sparse vegetation- lichens & moss)
GLSLL
C / South of the Shield
Region of plain
Fertile soil (brown earth)
From southwestern Ontario along the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River to the mouth of SaguenayRiver (Quebec)
CS
H / Thin, acidic soils (podzols)
Coniferous forests
Not suited to agriculture
Covers most of central Canada

Instructions: Indicate if each climograph is a type B (Dry), C (Warm, Moist – Maritime), D (Cool, Moist – Continental) or E (Polar) climate. (8.2.1)


Instructions: Make a climate graph using the data given (Moncton, NB data). What type of climate is it (Dry, Warm-Moist, Cool-Moist, Polar)?

Temp / Precp
(ºC) / (mm)
J / F / M / A / M / J / J / A / S / O / N / D
Temp / -9 / -8 / -3 / 3 / 10 / 15 / 19 / 18 / 13 / 7 / 2 / -6 / (ºC)
Precp / 31 / 26 / 38 / 57 / 86 / 93 / 103 / 81 / 81 / 103 / 86 / 52 / (mm)

Instructions: Why do people migrate, or move, to a new place? (8.2.3) Given the word bank of reasons, divide them into the correct category (Push Factors or Pull Factors). Put each letter in the correct column.

Push Factors / Pull Factors / Reasons
D
G
I
J
K
M
N / A
B
C
E
F
H
L /
  1. Access to technology
  2. Advantages of mild climate
  3. Availability of land
  4. Climate change
  5. Democratic political system
  6. Discovery/development of resources
  7. Famine
  8. Greater economic opportunity
  9. Lack of freedom
  10. Natural disasters
  11. Poverty
  12. Reunion of families
  13. Unemployment
  14. War

Instructions: Using the word bank, if you need, fill in the blanks showing the effects of geographic factors on Canadian identity. (8.2.2)

Features of the physical landscape that encourage settlement had three (3) main purposes. What are they? What are the 3 main reasons why a site is chosen for a new settlement?

  1. Resources
  2. Defence
  3. Transportation

What five (5) resources encourage settlement? What were they used for?

  1. Fertile soil – food (farms)
  2. Fish - food
  3. Forests -shelter
  4. Minerals – money/trade/tools
  5. Water – power/drinking

What three (3) physical features aid defence?

  1. Island
  2. Peninsula
  3. Sheltered harbour

What three (3) features encourage transportation? Explain what they mean (bonus).

  1. Bridge –crossing point
  2. Confluence – meeting point
  3. Head of navigation – farthest point

Fill in the chart below. List the province(s) that make up each region. Place at least two (2) site or situation factors that best represent each region.

Atlantic Canada / Central Canada / The Prairies / British Columbia / The North
Province(s) / NS, NB, NL, PE / ON, QC / AB, MB, SK / BC / NT, NU, YT
Factor #1 / Fish / Farms / Farms (wheat) / Forests / Oil
Factor #2 / Forests / Manufacturing / Oil / Fish / Diamonds
Word Bank:
Abundant trees (forests); Bridge; Confluence; Defence; Fertile soil; Head of navigation; Island; Manufacturing (trade); Peninsula; Plentiful fish; Presence of minerals (e.g. diamonds, metals, oil, coal) ; Resources; Sheltered harbour; Transportation; Water, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland & Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory

Instructions: Answer the following multiple-choice questions to analyze the effect of geographic features on the development of Canada and Australia.

  1. Most Australians live in what type of climate zone?

(a) Dry(c) Tropical

(b) Cool, moist(d) Warm, moist

  1. Most Australians live in what type of landform region?

(a) Coastal Plain(c) Great Artesian Basin

(b) Flinders-Mt. Lofty(d) Western Craton (shield)

  1. How can two-thirds of Australia have enough water to support livestock when about two-thirds of its area is desert or semi-desert?

(a) Tropical climate(c) Lake Eyre

(b) Aquifers(d) Ayers Rock

  1. The human resources of Australia have affected the development of its approximately 150 million sheep ranching industry – which human resources?

(a) Indigenous Australians(c) Canadian

(b) Asian(d) European (British & Irish)

  1. Like Australia, Canada’s population is mostly in which type of landform and climate?

(a) Mountains and Polar climate

(b) Canadian Shield and Cool, Moist climate

(c) Lowlands and Warm, Moist climate

(d) Plains and Dry climate

  1. Both Canada and Australia’s development have been impacted by the resources, defense and transportation found in what?

(a) Forests(c) Mountains

(b) Deserts(d) Water

  1. What does Canada have a greater variety of that has enabled more diverse development?

(a) Climates(c) Resources

(b) Landforms(d) Cultures

  1. In the past both Australia and Canada’s government policies have negatively impacted human resources because of what?

(a) Multiculturalism(c) Ethnocentrism

(b) Discrimination(d) Globalization