Name______Class Period_____
U.S. History: Roaring Twenties Test Review
Chapter 8
1. After World War I, what group of Americansfailed to share in the general economic growth of the United States? Why?
African Americans who held factory jobs during the war were replaced by returning service men. Immigrants were targeted by Nativists and Farmers were seeing crop prices drop and were losing their farms.
2. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920’s was a period when what happened?
Flourishing of African American culture , Arts, music (jazz) and literature (Langston Hughes) after migrating north in the Great Migration that happened during WWI.
3. How did the American public feel about Prohibition? What was a negative result of the Prohibition Amendment? Who supported the Amendment and who opposed it? Where could Americans get a drink illegally?
Many Americans supported Prohibition in the beginning but support quickly started to lessen. One negative result was an actual increase in crime (mafia.) Rural (farm) Americans were in support of Prohibition and Urban (city) Americans and immigrants were opposed to Prohibition. Americans were able to visit SPEAKEASIES to drink illegaly.
4. Why were the 1920’s described as a decade of nativist sentiment? (give specific examples)
Negative attitudes towards Germans and communists grew to include all immigrants. Nativists were concerned that immigrants were taking jobs and that they were a threat to the safety of the country. Sacco and Vanzetti (both Italian and anarchists) were arrested for murder and convicted and executed on very little evidence. We also see the rise of racism and nativism in the KKK as a result of all the anti-immigration sentiment.
5. In the United States, was the decade of the 1920’s characterized by increased or decreased consumer spending and borrowing?
1920s is characterized with people spending and borrowing a lot. Remember: after WWI we are the strongest nation, both militaryily and economically. People are in high spirits, feel good about the future. They start buying everything they can, and get credit for the things they can’t afford.
6. Whatwas the Immigration Act of 1924, and why was it passed?
It was meant to lessen the number of immigrants into the country and was passed in response to the very strong Nativists movement.
7. After World War I, what was the Great Migration?
Many African Americans moved north to the industrial cities to fill jobs left open by all the men going off to war. When the war ends, many African Americans will be forced out of their jobs by the returning servicemen.
8. The 1925 trial of John Scopes reflected what type of conflict in American society during the Roaring Twenties?
The trial represents the conflict between rural (farm) Americans, with traditional, fundamental values, and the urban (city) Americans, with their progressive, “anything goes” attitude.
Traditional vs. New
9. “The business of America is business.” — President Calvin Coolidge. Why did Coolidge make this statement?
Calvin Coolidge (President) believed prosperity rested on business leadership and that government should not interfere with business.
10. During the 1920s, why was the behavior of “flappers” controversial?
Women just got the right to vote. The “flappers” were expressing their new freedoms and independence. Drinking and smoking and dating.
11. Who described the 1920s as the Jazz Age? (Who coined the phrase)
F. Scott Fitzgerald
18. Who were Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti and what were they charged with? Why?
Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrants that were also anarchists. They were charged with murder and were convicted on very little evidence and executed. The conviction stands as a perfect example of Nativism and how it can hurt people. They were basically convicted and executed because they were immigrants.
20. What was the TeapotDome scandal?
President Harding’s Secretary of the Interior allowed private interests (businesses) to lease land containing U.S. Navy oil reserves in exchange for money (bribes) of up to $300,000. Wall Street Journal broke the story and the Senate launched an investigation that took most of the 1920s. Ultimately the Secretary (fall) becomes the 1st cabinet Secretary to go to jail