Torture and Enhanced Interrogation Methods

Note: Please look through resources very carefully. This is a controversial issue so some sources may have bias.Check carefully for the expertise or background of the writer or contributor.

Online Sources

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  1. The Business of Torture - Article by Dr. Sam Vaknin describes some examples of the business of torture in various countries.
  2. The Center for Justice and Accountability - Works to deter torture and other severe human rights abuses around the world by helping survivors hold their persecutors accountable.
  3. The Human Rights Web - Human rights resources including links to relevant documents.
  4. Torture by Proxy - Karen L. Snell,a specialist in constitutional litigation and international extradition, comments on Kenneth Starr's comments in The Washington Post suggesting the U.S. should cast aside traditional civil liberties in the fight against terrorism.
  5. U.S. Department of State - Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor: Human Rights - Provides reports on country conditions, speeches and votes in the UN, and asylum profiles; accountability and reform efforts; partnerships with organizations, governments, and multilateral institutions committed to human rights.
  6. United Nations Agreements on Human Rights - Summary page with links to full document.
  7. The United States and 'The Challenge of Relativity' - Review by US political dissident Noam Chomsky of the United States' own appalling record on human rights - not in the distant past, but in the last 50 years and continuing right up to this day. (August 01, 1997)
  8. Washington Monthly - No Torture. No Exceptions - Bob Barr's commentary on the 'Bizzaro World' of the Bush administration, including their support of 'enhanced interrogation techniques'. (January 01, 2008)
  9. BBC News: War on terror cloaks rights abuses - Article about the claim that several world leaders are exploiting the US-led war on terror to justify a crack down on political opponents and abuse human rights.
  10. CDT: Response to September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks - Center for Democracy and Technology analyses of the civil liberties implications of US government anti-terrorism proposals. House and senate debates, proposed legislation and amendments, and testimony.
  11. Decaying Freedom - News on the decaying state of freedom in the United States in reaction to counter-terrorism attacks on civil liberties.
  12. Human Rights Watch World Report 2002 - The Human Rights Watch world report 2002 warns that the anti-terror campaign led by the United States is inspiring opportunistic attacks on civil liberties around the world. Summary and complete text of the report.
  13. Presumption Of Guilt: Human Rights Abuses of Post-September 11 Detainees - Human Rights Watch Report on human rights violations by the US government, as secret arrests, misused immigration charges and process violations. Includes summary and recommendations.
  14. Washington Post - Guantanamo Prison - Full coverage of the U.S. prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, including the latest Supreme Court rulings over its legality and a database of detainees.
  15. Washington Post - Inside the CIA Interrogation Debate - Special report on the Obama administration's examination of some of the most controversial and clandestine interrogation tactics used during the Bush presidency. Includes related special reports.
  16. Waterboarding Used 266 Times on 2 Suspects – NYTimes.com - "The C.I.A. officers used waterboarding at least 83 times against Abu Zubaydah, according to a 2005 Justice Department legal memorandum. [...] The 2005 memo also says that the C.I.A. used waterboarding 183 times against Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, the self-described planner of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks." (April 19, 2009)
  17. Questioning Terror Suspects in a Dark and Surreal World - New York Times article on the techniques of U.S. interrogators on terrorist suspects, and whether or not they constitute torture. [Free registration required]. (March 09, 2003)
  18. Court Backs Open Deportation Hearings in Terror Cases - The federal appeals court in Cincinnati declared that the administration acted unlawfully in holding hundreds of deportation hearings in secret. Includes links for related articles and the full text of the Court's ruling. New York Times, US (free registration required). (August 27, 2002)
  19. Call for Release of 'low-level' Guantanamo Inmates - A growing number of reports shows that none of the 598 inmates designated as "enemy combatants" and held without charge at the US Caribbean base are al-Qaida leaders or can reveal any important information. The Guardian, UK. (August 20, 2002)
  20. After Sept. 11, a Legal Battle Over Limits of Civil Liberty - Detailed report with interactive guide, audio file and links to related stories. New York Times, US (free registration required). (August 04, 2002)
  21. Terror, Security and the Media - The Observer's Home Affairs editor Martin Bright gives evidence to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission case of nine men who have been detained without trail for over seven months. The Observer, UK. (July 21, 2002)
  22. The New Moslem Diaspora - Behzad Yaghmaian reports on anti-immigration measures in Europe in the aftermath of September 11. The Counterpunch, US. (July 17, 2002)
  23. War on Terror Makes for Odd Twists in Justice System - Commentary on the trials of american suspects presently held without charge. New York Times, US (free registration required). (June 23, 2002)
  24. War on Civil Liberties - The US refuses to either charge or free those suspected of terrorism. The Guardian, UK. (May 07, 2002)
  25. US Sends Suspects to Face Torture - US has been secretly sending prisoners suspected of al-Qaida connections to countries where torture during interrogation is legal. The Guardian, UK. (March 12, 2002)
  26. American Cant - The treatment of al-Qaeda and Taliban prisoners by the United States offends basic human rights, international law and the Geneva Convention. Analysis by Peter Beaumont. (January 13, 2002)
  27. Spare Our Blushes and Put a Sack on It - Taping a bag over the heads of Afghan prisoners stops us feeling anything for them, so we can breakfast in peace. A comment by Terry Jones in the Observer, UK. (January 06, 2002)

Waterboarding

  1. Hitchens, Christopher (August 2008). "Believe Me, It’s Torture". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  2. Lomax, Eric (4 March 2008). "Waterboarding: the most horrific experience of my life". The Times (London). Retrieved 24 April 2009.[dead link]
  3. Warrick, Joby; Dan Eggen (9 December 2007). "Hill Briefed on Waterboarding in 2002". The Washington Post: p.A01. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  4. Safire, William (9 March 2008). "Waterboarding". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 June 2009.
  5. Vanity Fair video of waterboarding, July 2008
  6. Former U.S. Navy interrogator on waterboarding
  7. Victim of waterboarding talks: veteran French journalist Henri Aleg
  8. MSNBC commentator Keith Olbermann on waterboarding, November 2007
  9. Mancow Discusses Being Waterboarded by Nicholas Graham, The Huffington Post, 26 May 2009
  10. Waterboarding for dummies by Mark Benjamin, Salon.com, 9 Mar 2010

US Department of Justice Torture Memo

  1. "Redefining Torture". PBS Frontline article
  2. Brian Ross & Richard Esposito, ABC News, November 18, 2005, "CIA's Harsh Interrogation Techniques Described"
  3. December 30, 2004 OLC memo
  4. Experiments in Torture: Evidence of Human Subject Research and Experimentation in the "Enhanced" Interrogation Programmirror A White Paper by Physicians for Human Rights, June 2010
  5. Ex-US spy Anthony Shaffer talks about interrogation techniques during his posting in Afghanistan on The State We're In radio show, March 2011
  6. Full text of Bybee Memo (2,671K pdf) from Findlaw
  7. Human Rights First; Tortured Justice: Using Coerced Evidence to Prosecute Terrorist Suspects (2008)
  8. Interrogation techniques at 'Britain's Abu Ghraib' revealed
  9. John Yoo to William J. Haynes, 14 March 2003, "Memo Regarding the Torture and Military Interrogation of Alien Unlawful Combatants Held Outside the United States", ACLU
  10. Newsweek: Inspector General Report Reveals CIA Conducted Mock Executions - video report by Democracy Now!
  11. Office of Legal Counsel Memos The ACLU's page dealing with the OLC memos. Table (PDF) of released and un-released memos available there.
  12. Sullivan, Andrew. "Verschärfte Vernehmung"The Atlantic. May 29, 2007.
  13. The Missing Memos Special Project ProPublica's tracking table of both released and yet to be released OLC memos.
  14. US Code
  15. Watch the Jon Yoo vs. Chip Pitts Debate, Maguire Center for Ethics and Public Responsibility, Southern Methodist University
  16. William Ranney Levi, Yale Law Journal, 2009, "Interrogation's Law"

JSTOR & EBSCO ARTICLES

How to open articles, click on the links listed below. Login using the username and password for JSTOR/EBSCO. Click on the title of the article and then you can choose to print, save or read as needed.

JSTOR articles on Military and Political Torture (full text articles from 1980-2012):

Academic Search Premiere Articles

How to open articles. Click on the BLUE link under the citation information for each article. Articles are already in MLA format. Then enter the username and password for the article database

  1. Zimbardo, Philip G. "Thoughts On Psychologists, Ethics, And The Use Of Torture In Interrogations: Don't Ignore Varying Roles And Complexities." Analyses Of Social Issues & Public Policy 7.1 (2007): 65-73. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  2. Blakeley, Ruth. "Still Training To Torture? US Training Of Military Forces From Latin America." Third World Quarterly 27.8 (2006): 1439-1461. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  3. Bassiouni, M. Cherif. "The Institutionalization Of Torture Under The Bush Administration." Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law 37.2/3 (2006): 389-425. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  4. Hollander, Nancy Caro. "Living Danger: On Not Knowing What We Know." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 18.5 (2008): 690-709. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  5. Davis, Morris D. "Historical Perspective On Guantánamo Bay: The Arrival Of The High Value Detainees." Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law 42.1/2 (2010): 115-124. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  6. Peltz, Rachael, Jeanne Wolff Bernstein, and Sue Grand. "Historicizing The Role Of Psychologists In The U.S. Military: Introduction To Issue On Coercive Interrogations And The Mental Health Profession." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 18.5 (2008): 587-591. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  7. ALLHOFF, FRITZ. "The War On Terror And The Ethics Of Exceptionalism." Journal Of Military Ethics 8.4 (2009): 265-288. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  8. Cutler, Leonard. "Human Rights Guarantees, Constitutional Law, And The Military Commissions Act Of 2006." Peace & Change 33.1 (2008): 31-59. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  9. Sadat, Leila Nadya, and Jing Geng. "On Legal Subterfuge And The So-Called "Lawfare" Debate." Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law 43.1/2 (2011): 153-161. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  10. SOLDZ, STEPHEN. "Fighting Torture And Psychologist Complicity." Peace Review 23.1 (2011): 12-20. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  11. Lenta, Patrick. "The Purposes Of Torture." South African Journal Of Philosophy 25.1 (2006): 48-61. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  12. Altman, Neil. "The Psychodynamics Of Torture." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 18.5 (2008): 658-670. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  13. ROSENTHAL, JOHN. "Torture" In The Dock." Policy Review 152 (2008): 15-24. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  14. Kalbeitzer, Rachel. "Psychologists And Interrogations: Ethical Dilemmas In Times Of War." Ethics & Behavior 19.2 (2009): 156-168. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  15. Wilks, Michael. "A Stain On Medical Ethics." Lancet 366.9484 (2005): 429-431. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  16. Oliver Sacks, et al. "Forcefeeding And Restraint Of Guantanamo Bay Hunger Strikers." Lancet 367.9513 (2006): 811. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  17. Rojas, Eric. "Madness And Dehumanization In El Bataraz By Mauricio Rosencof." Confluencia 28.2 (2013): 80-92. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.
  18. BENEDETTI, MARIO. "The Disappeared: The Triumph Of Memory." NACLA Report On The Americas 46.4 (2013): 78-80. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.
  19. Guryanov, Alexander. "Current Status Of The "Katyn Case" In Russia." Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law 45.3 (2013): 695-702. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.
  20. Tobia, Simona. "'A Brutally Tough Place For Brutally Tough People'." History Today 64.1 (2014): 22-28. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.
  21. Wasilewski, Witold. "The Birth And Persistence Of The Katyn Lie." Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law 45.3 (2013): 671-693. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.

GALE Opposing Viewpoints in Context (LAPL card required)

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  1. "56 John Brennan: for bringing the war on terror to the real enemy--al Qaeda."Foreign Policy197 (2012): 87.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  2. Collings, Daniel. "Apologise for torture? 'That's not appropriate': in an exclusive interview, Dick Cheney tells Daniel Collings that Obama is wrong to say sorry for waterboarding and enhanced interrogation techniques. The former Vice-President turned critic-in-chief has no regrets: if he upset Blair, he was 'just doing his job'."Spectator6 June 2009: 14+.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  3. "Author of The Torture Papers Says Coercion Not Crucial, Part II."Tell Me More6 May 2011.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  4. McCarthy, Andrew C. "Bush Administration Officials Are Not Guilty of War Crimes."War Crimes. Ed. Margaret Haerens. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "Eric Holder's Hidden Agenda."National Review(28 Aug. 2009).Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  5. Hosenball, Mark, Michael Isikoff, and Dave Schultheis. "The CIA on Trial?"Newsweek23 Nov. 2009.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  6. Hosenball, Mark, and Michael Isikoff. "Coming Soon: Declassified Bush-Era Torture Memos."Newsweek30 Mar. 2009: 8.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  7. Cheney, Richard B. "Enhanced Interrogation Helps Keep America Safe."Presidential Powers. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2010. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "Remarks by Richard B. Cheney."American Enterprise Institute. 2009.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  8. Obama, Barack. "Enhanced Interrogation Methods Are Not Justified or Necessary."Is Torture Ever Justified?Tamara L. Roleff. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2010. At Issue. Rpt. from "Remarks by the President on National Security." 2009.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  9. "Introduction to Is Torture Ever Justified?: At Issue."Is Torture Ever Justified?Tamara L. Roleff. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011. At Issue.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  10. "'Not a single significant plot was foiled as a result of Abu Zubaida's tortured confessions,' two Washington Post reporters boldly declared on March 29."National Review10 Aug. 2009: 4.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  11. "Obama Vs. Cheney: How Best To Secure The U.S."Talk of the Nation21 May 2009.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  12. "War crimes?"Commonweal135.13 (2008): 5.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
  13. Thiessen, Marc A. "When the good cop was bad: what Ali Soufan does not teach us about the interrogation of Abu Zubaydah."National Review25 June 2012: 22.Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

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